Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas

Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
سازمان چريک‌های فدايی خلق ايران
Abbreviation OIPFG[1]
Founded late 1963 initial activity[2]
April 1971 as the unified organization[1]
Dissolved June 1980[3]
Merger of Jazani-Ẓarifi Group and Aḥmadzāda-Puyān-Meftāḥi Group[1]
Succeeded by Organization of Iranian People's Fedaian (Majority)
Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (Minority)
Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas
Headquarters Tehran, Iran
Newspaper Kar[3]
Ideology Marxism-Leninism
Political position Far-left[4]
Colors      Red
Anthem Aftabkaran-e-Jangal (lit. Sunplanters of Jungle)[5]
Party flag

Participant in Black September, Iranian Revolution, Iran hostage crisis, Consolidation of the Iranian Revolution
Active 1971–1976[6]
1977[7]–1980
Groups Urban team, rural team[2]
Leaders Hamid Ashraf  (KIA)
Ashraf Dehghani  (POW)
Size 3,000 (estimate)[4]
Allies
Battles and wars Siahkal incident

The Organization of Iranian People's Fedai Guerrillas (OIPFG; Persian: سازمان چريک‌های فدايی خلق ايران‎, translit. Sāzmān-e čerikhā-ye Fadāʾi-e ḵalq-e Irān), simply known as Fadaiyan-e-Khalq (Persian: فداییان خلق‎, translit. Fadāʾiān-e ḵalq, lit. 'Popular Selfsacrificers')[7] was a Marxist-Leninist underground guerrilla organization in Iran.[1]

Ideology

Ideologically, the group pursued an Anti-imperialist agenda and embraced armed propaganda to justify its revolutionary armed struggle against Iran's monarchy system,[9] and believed in Materialism.[6] They rejected reformism, and were inspired by thoughts of Mao Zedong, Che Guevara, and Régis Debray.[3]

They criticized the National Front and the Liberation Movement as "Petite bourgeoisie paper organizations still preaching the false hope of peaceful change".[2] Fedai Guerrillas initially criticized the Soviet Union and the Tudeh Party as well, however they later abandoned the stance as a result of cooperation with the socialist camp.[3]

Bijan Jazani, known as the "intellectual father" of the organization, contributed to its ideology by writing a series of pamphlets such as "Struggle against the Shah's Dictatorship", "What a Revolutionary Must Know" and "How the Armed Struggle Will Be Transformed into a Mass Struggle?". The pamphlets were followed by Masoud Ahmadzadeh's treatise "Armed Struggle: Both a Strategy and a Tactic" and "The Necessity of Armed Struggle and the Rejection of the Theory of Survival" by Amir Parviz Pouyan.[2]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Vahabzadeh, Peyman (28 March 2016) [7 December 2015]. "FADĀʾIĀN-E ḴALQ". In Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica. Bibliotheca Persica Press. Retrieved 1 August 2016.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Abrahamian, Ervand (1982). Iran Between Two Revolutions. Princeton University Press. pp. 483–9. ISBN 0-691-10134-5.
  3. 1 2 3 4 Ḥaqšenās, Torāb (27 October 2011) [15 December 1992]. "COMMUNISM iii. In Persia after 1953". In Yarshater, Ehsan. Encyclopædia Iranica. Fasc. 1. VI. New York City: Bibliotheca Persica Press. pp. 105–112. Retrieved 12 September 2016.
  4. 1 2 Donald Newton Wilber (2014). Iran, Past and Present: From Monarchy to Islamic Republic. Princeton University Press. p. 344. ISBN 1400857473.
  5. ↑ Annabelle Sreberny, Massoumeh Torfeh (2013), Cultural Revolution in Iran: Contemporary Popular Culture in the Islamic Republic, I.B. Tauris, p. 156, ISBN 9781780760896
  6. 1 2 Mahmood T. Davari (2004). The Political Thought of Ayatollah Murtaza Mutahhari: An Iranian Theoretician of the Islamic State. Routledge. p. 61. ISBN 978-1-134-29488-6.
  7. 1 2 Hiro, Dilip (2013). "Fedai Khalq". A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Middle East. Interlink Publishing. pp. 483–9. ISBN 9781623710330.
  8. 1 2 3 Arie Perliger, William L. Eubank (2006), "Terrorism in Iran and Afghanistan: The Seeds of the Global Jihad", Middle Eastern Terrorism, Infobase Publishing, pp. 41–42, ISBN 9781438107196
  9. ↑ Vahabzadeh, Peyman (2010). Guerrilla Odyssey: Modernization, Secularism, Democracy, and the Fadai Period of National Liberation In Iran, 1971–1979. Syracuse University Press. p. 100.

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