Fatty acid ester

Space-filling model of methyl linoleate, or linoleic acid methyl ester, a common methyl ester produced from soybean or canola oil and methanol

Fatty acid esters (FAEs) are a type of ester that result from the combination of a fatty acid with an alcohol. When the alcohol component is glycerol, the fatty acid esters produced can be monoglycerides, diglycerides, or triglycerides. Dietary fats are chemically triglycerides.

Glycerol esters of fatty acids occur as colorless to brown powders, flakes, coarse powders, or granular or waxy lumps, or are a colorless to brown semi-fluids or liquids. They are odorless or have a characteristic odor.[1]

Biodiesels are typically fatty acid esters produced by the transesterification of vegetable fats and oils which results in the replacement of the glycerol component with a different alcohol.

Fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) are esters of fatty acids. The physical characteristics of fatty acid esters are closer to those of fossil diesel fuels than pure vegetable oils, but properties depend on the type of vegetable oil. A mixture of different fatty acid methyl esters is commonly referred to as biodiesel, which is a renewable alternative fuel. FAME has physical properties similar to those of conventional diesel. It is also non-toxic and biodegradable.[2]

Fatty acid ethyl esters are biomarkers for the consumption of ethanol (alcoholic beverages).[3][4][5]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Glycerol Esters of Fatty Acids" (PDF).
  2. ↑ "Fatty Acid Methyl Esters (FAME)" (PDF). European Biofuels.
  3. ↑ Pragst, F; Yegles, M (2008). "Determination of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in hair: A promising way for retrospective detection of alcohol abuse during pregnancy?". Therapeutic Drug Monitoring. 30 (2): 255–63. doi:10.1097/FTD.0b013e318167d602. PMID 18367991.
  4. ↑ De Giovanni, N; Donadio, G; Chiarotti, M (2007). "The reliability of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) as biological markers for the diagnosis of alcohol abuse". Journal of analytical toxicology. 31 (2): 93–7. PMID 17536744.
  5. ↑ Cabarcos, P; Tabernero, M. J; Otero, J. L; Míguez, M; Bermejo, A. M; Martello, S; De Giovanni, N; Chiarotti, M (2014). "Quantification of fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEE) and ethyl glucuronide (EtG) in meconium for detection of alcohol abuse during pregnancy: Correlation study between both biomarkers". Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis. 100: 74–78. doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2014.07.023. PMID 25137651.
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