Emma Jung

Emma Jung
Emma Jung ca. 1911 (age 29)
Born Emma Marie Rauschenbach
(1882-03-30)30 March 1882
Schaffhausen, Switzerland
Died 27 November 1955(1955-11-27) (aged 73)
Zurich, Switzerland
Nationality Swiss
Occupation Psychoanalyst
Spouse(s)
Carl Jung (m. 1903–1955)
Children 5

Emma Jung (born Emma Marie Rauschenbach, 30 March 1882 – 27 November 1955) was a Swiss Jungian analyst and author. She married Carl Gustav Jung, financing and helping him to make him the prominent psychiatrist and founder of analytical psychology that he became, and had five children with him. Enduring his infidelities and mood swings, she was his "intellectual editor" to the end of her life.[1] After her death, Jung described her as "a Queen".

Early life

Emma Rauschenbach was the daughter of a wealthy industrialist, Johannes Rauschenbach, the then owner of IWC Schaffhausen.[2] At the time of her marriage she was the second-richest heiress in Switzerland.[3][4]

Family life

Marriage and children

Jung first met Emma Rauschenbach in 1896 when she was still a schoolgirl, through a connection of his mother. Jung reported at the time that he knew then that one day Emma would be his wife. The couple married on 14 February 1903, seven years later. They had five children (four daughters and one son): Agathe, Gret, Franz Karl, Marianne, and Helene.

Upon her father's death in 1905, Emma and her sister, together with their husbands, became owners of IWC Schaffhausen - the International Watch Company, manufacturers of luxury time-pieces. Emma's brother-in-law became the principal proprietor, but the Jungs remained shareholders in a thriving business that ensured the family's financial security for decades.[5]

Emma Jung not only took a strong interest in her husband's work, but assisted him and became a noted analyst in her own right. She developed a particular focus on the Grail legend. Her independence of him in this field has been contested. She had a brief correspondence of her own with Sigmund Freud, during 1910-11.[6] In 1906, Freud interpreted several of Jung's dreams of the period as portending the "failure of a marriage for money" (das Scheitern einer Geldheirat).

Around the birth of the couple's last child in 1914, Jung is said to have begun a relationship with a young female patient and trainee, Antonia Wolff, which was to last for several decades. Shortly after the child's birth, Jung and Wolff set off for a "vacation" in Ravenna. In her biography of Jung, Deirdre Bair describes Emma Jung as just tolerating it when her husband inserted Wolff into the household, but she was excluded from all meal times and evenings. For Jung, Wolff was "his other wife". Wolff tried to persuade Jung to divorce Emma, but this did not happen.

A former patient of Jung's and later a psychoanalyst, Sabina Spielrein, claimed to have been Jung's lover, keeping a diary to document the relationship.[7]

Death

Emma died in 1955, predeceasing Jung by almost six years. After her death from a recurrence of cancer, Jung carved a stone in her name, "She was the foundation of my house". He is also said to have wailed, "She was a queen! She was a queen!" ("Sie war eine Königin! Sie war eine Königin!") as he grieved for her. Her gravestone was inscribed: "Oh vase, sign of devotion and obedience."[8]

Bibliography

  • Emma Jung (1985). Animus and Anima. Spring Publications. ISBN 978-0-88214-301-9.
  • Emma Jung; Marie-Luise von Franz (1998). The Grail Legend. Princeton University Press. ISBN 0-691-00237-1.

Works about Emma Jung

  • Sidney Mullen (1982). C.G. Jung, Emma Jung and Toni Wolff: a collection of remembrances. Analytical Psychology Club of San Francisco.
  • Elizabeth Clark-Stern (2010). Out of the Shadows: A Story of Toni Wolff and Emma Jung. Fisher King Press. ISBN 978-0-9813939-4-0.
  • Imelda Gaudissart (2014). Love and Sacrifice: The Life of Emma Jung. Chiron Publications. ISBN 978-1-63051-086-2.
  • Lázaro Droznes (2015). Jung In Love. Unitexto. Digital Publishing. ISBN 978-1-63339-970-9.
  • Catrine Clay (2016). Labyrinths: Emma Jung, her Marriage to Carl and the early Years of Psychoanalysis. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0075106-6-5. The book was featured as Book of the Week on BBC Radio 4 2-6 January 2017 in 5 episodes, read by Deborah Findlay and Henry Goodman.

References

  1. ↑ Catrine Clay (2016). Labyrinths: Emma Jung, her Marriage to Carl and the early Years of Psychoanalysis. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-0075106-6-5.
  2. ↑ "C. G. JUNG: Experiences". IWC Schaffhausen. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
  3. ↑ Stevens, Anthony (2001). Jung: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford University. ISBN 9780191606687.
  4. ↑ Robert S. Boynton (January 11, 2004). New York Times https://www.nytimes.com/2004/01/11/books/in-the-jung-archives.html. Missing or empty |title= (help)
  5. ↑ "C. G. JUNG: Experiences". IWC Schaffhausen. Retrieved 2015-09-07.
  6. ↑ Lionel Trilling (23 April 1974). "book review of Freud Jung Letters". NY Times.
  7. ↑ Spielrein told her "wanton tale to anyone within earshot of [Jung]", and it became "common gossip among medical students who were happy to interpret it as an affair, even though there was no proof". One of Jung's biographers, Deirdre Bair, on the basis of diaries kept by other female devotees of Jung (the so-called "Zürichberg Pelzmäntel" or "fur-coated ladies"). Bair, Deirdre (2003). Jung. Boston: Little, Brown. ISBN 0-316-07665-1.
  8. ↑ Hayman, Ronald (2001). A Life of Jung. New York: W.W. Norton. p. 431. ISBN 0-393-01967-5.

Further reading

  • Jung, Emma (1985). Animus and Anima (Reprint ed.). Continuum International Publishing Group. ISBN 0-882-14301-8.
  • (in German) C. G. Jungs drei "Hauptfrauen" This is a private website run by a couple of psychologists in Erlangen, Germany. There is no way of knowing whether it has any accreditation or independent standing.

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