Elizabeth Batts Cook

Portrait of Mrs Elizabeth Cook by William Henderson, dated 1830.

Elizabeth Batts Cook (1742 – 13 May 1835) was the wife and widow of Captain James Cook.

Life

Memorial to James Cook and family in St Andrew the Great, Cambridge

She was the daughter of Samuel Batts who was keeper of the Bell Inn, Wapping[1] and one of her husband's mentors.[2]

She married James Cook at St Margaret's Church, Barking, Essex on 21 December 1762.[3][2] The couple had six children: James (1763–94), Nathaniel (1764–80, lost aboard HMS Thunderer which foundered with all hands in a hurricane in the West Indies), Elizabeth (1767–71), Joseph (1768–68), George (1772–72) and Hugh (1776–93), the last of whom died of scarlet fever while a student at Christ's College, Cambridge. When not at sea, Cook lived in the East End of London and the family attended St Paul's Church, Shadwell, where their son James was baptised. After her husband was killed at Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii in 1779, Elizabeth Cook received an annual pension of 200 pounds from the Admiralty. In 1788, she moved to Clapham, Surrey.

Outliving her husband and children, she died on 13 May 1835 at the age of 93.[3] Elizabeth Cook was buried in St Andrew the Great church in Cambridge with her sons, James and Hugh. She left a bequest to pay the minister, support five poor aged women and to maintain the family's monument.[4]

Cook has no known direct descendants — all her recorded children predeceased her and died without issue.[5]

Memorial fountain

Elizabeth Cook memorial fountain
Caringbah South, Australia
Elizabeth Cook dedication plaque
Caringbah South, Australia

A small memorial garden fountain was dedicated to Elizabeth Batts Cook on 27 February 1971 within the grounds of the E. G. Waterhouse National Camellia Garden at Caringbah South, NSW Australia. This garden is located within the Sutherland Shire, which also contains the place of Captain Cook's first landing on continental Australia at Botany Bay on 29 April 1770.[6][7]

The fountain is accompanied by a dedication plaque and a separate "storyboard" plaque which provides details of the life of Elizabeth Batts Cook. The text on the plaque reads:

This fountain commemorates the life of Elizabeth Cook, wife of the famous navigator Captain James Cook. It is believed to be the only monument in the world to this woman of formidable courage and character.

Born Elizabeth Batts in 1742, she married James Cook on 21 December 1762 when she was 20 and he was 34 and already making a name for himself in the Navy.

They were married for 17 years but lived together only about four years in total in between Captain Cook's three epic voyages of discovery. They had six children, two of whom died as infants: George aged four months and Joseph one month. Their only daughter Elizabeth died at the age of four.

Captain Cook's death in February 1779 heralded a string of tragedies for Mrs Cook. Eight months later their son Nathaniel, 15, was lost at sea when his ship went down in a hurricane. Her remaining sons, Hugh, 17 and James, 31 died within weeks of one another in December 1793 and January 1794 - Hugh of scarlet fever at Cambridge, where he was a student, and James a Commander of the Royal Navy, who drowned.

The shock of these deaths confined Mrs Cook to her bed for two years and forever afterwards she observed four days of solemn fasting on the anniversaries of her bereavements, staying in her room praying and meditating with her husband's Bible.

Mrs Cook was known to be a skilled needlewoman and at the time of her husband's death in Hawaii she was embroidering a waistcoat for him to wear at court. The unfinished garment is exhibited at the Mitchell Library in Sydney along with Cook's relics, including the original grant for Captain Cook's Coat of Arms, awarded posthumously to his descendants in 1785.

Elizabeth Cook storyboard plaque
Caringbah South, Australia

Mrs Cook lived for another 56 years after her husband's death, and one of her proudest possessions was a gold medal, struck in his honour by the Royal Society. Her portrait, painted when she was 81, depicts a handsome, venerable lady with an oval face and an aquiline nose dressed, as always, in black satin. She wore a ring with a lock of her husband's hair in it and she entertained the highest respect for his memory, measuring everything by his standard of honour and morality. Her keenest expression of disapprobation was that Mr Cook - to her he was always Mr Cook, not Captain Cook - would never have done.

Before her death on 13 May 1835 at the age of 93, Mrs Cook went to great lengths to destroy all her private papers and correspondence with her beloved husband, considering them too sacred for other eyes. She was buried in the family vault at Great St Andrew's Church, Cambridge, between two of her sons.[3]

References

Notes

  1. ↑ "Famous 18th century people in Barking and Dagenham: James Cook and Dick Turpin" (PDF). London Borough of Barking and Dagenham. Archived from the original (PDF) on 5 June 2012. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
  2. 1 2 Robson 2009, pp. 120–1
  3. 1 2 3 Biographical Notes on Elizabeth Cook Memorial Fountain. Caringbah South, NSW Australia: E. G. Waterhouse National Camellia Garden.
  4. ↑ "St Andrew the Great Church, Cambridge". Captain Cook Society. Retrieved 13 August 2017.
  5. ↑ Stamp 1978, p. 138
  6. ↑ Dedication Plaque of Elizabeth Cook Memorial Fountain. Caringbah South, NSW Australia: E. G. Waterhouse National Camellia Garden.
  7. ↑ Monument Australia. "Mrs Elizabeth Cook". monumentaustralia.org.au. Retrieved 18 October 2016.

Bibliography

  • Stamp, Tom and Cordelia (1978). James Cook Maritime Scientist. Whitby: Caedmon of Whitby Press. ISBN 0-905355-04-0.
  • Robson, John (2009). Captain Cook's War and Peace: The Royal Navy Years 1755-1768. University of New South Wales Press. ISBN 9781742231099.
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