Egyptian Marxist Organisation

The Egyptian Marxist Organisation was a communist group in Egypt. Notably, in 1949 a faction of the group adopted a Maoist ideological interpretation, becoming the first faction in the Arab communist movement to do so.[1] The group disbanded in 1965.[2]

Beginnings of Marxism in Egypt

In 1921, European educated intellectuals led by Joseph Rosenthal, an Egyptian of Italian descent, established the Egyptian socialist party, headquartered in Cairo.[3] As Rosenthal was of European background, he did not sign the party manifesto for fear that his foreign name would be undesirable to the people.[4] The manifesto was thus signed by Salama Musa, Ali el-Inani, Mohamed Abdulla Inan, and Mahmud Hosni al-Urabi, four Egyptian nationals that were involved in party leadership. The manifesto mainly revolved around anti-imperialism, its goal being the ultimate removal of British troops from Egypt.[4] It also stressed a desire for improved labor conditions, a socialist allocation of natural resources, elimination of capitalist competition, and free education. Each goal stated in the manifesto was to be accomplished through political struggle, not violence or revolutionary upheaval.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Ismael, Tareq Y., The Communist Movement in the Arab World. New York City: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005. p. 20.
  2. ↑ Ismael, Tareq Y., The Communist Movement in the Arab World. New York City: RoutledgeCurzon, 2005. p. 26.
  3. 1 2 Abbas, Raouf (1973). "Labor Movement in Egypt: 1899-1952". The Developing Economies. 11: 64–65.
  4. 1 2 Y., Ismael, Tareq (1990). The communist movement in Egypt, 1920-1988. Saʻīd, Rifʻat. (1st ed.). Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press. pp. 17–18. ISBN 0815624972. OCLC 21195303.


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