Eastmain River

Eastmain
River
Eastmain River in Dec. 2005 at the James Bay Road.
Country Canada
Province Quebec
Region Jamésie
Tributaries
 - left
  • (upstream) Eau Froide River,
  • Miskimatao River,
  • outlet of lake Sipestikuch,
  • Causabiscau River, Wabistane River,
  • Upstream from Opinaca Reservoir:
  • Acotago River,
  • outlet of lake Kapeykuck Ministiru,
  • Nicolas River, Déry River,
  • Caché Creek, outlet of "Lac de la Marée",
  • Tichégami River,
  • outlet of lakes Chamic and Mistamiquechamic,
  • outlet of lake Clauzel,
  • outlet of lake Lavalette,
  • outlet of lake Cadieux,
  • Saffray River;
  • Upstream of Hécla Lake:
  • outlet of lake Jules-Léger (via Bréhat Lake)
  • Des Quatre-Temps River (via Bréhat Lake.
 - right
  • (upstream)
  • La Pêche River (Eastmain),
  • Opinaca River,
  • Kauskatachinu Creek,
  • Kasapawatach Creek, Rapin Creek,
  • Wapatikw Creek,
  • Upstream of Opinaca Reservoir:
  • Wabamisk River,
  • À l'Eau Claire River (Eastmain),
  • outlet of lakes Village,
  • outlet of lake Bauerman,
  • Ross River (Eastmain River),
  • Cauouatstacau River,
  • Misask River;
  • Upstream of Hécla Lake:
  • Du Grand Portage Creek (via Hécla Lake),
  • Léran River (via Hécla Lake)
Source Lac Bréhat
 - location Baie-James, Nord-du-Québec, Québec, Canada
 - elevation 554 m (1,818 ft)
 - coordinates 52°31′30″N 70°52′00″W / 52.52500°N 70.86667°W / 52.52500; -70.86667
Mouth James Bay
 - location Eastmain, Nord-du-Québec, Quebec, Canada
 - elevation 0 m (0 ft)
 - coordinates 52°14′30″N 78°34′00″W / 52.24167°N 78.56667°W / 52.24167; -78.56667Coordinates: 52°14′30″N 78°34′00″W / 52.24167°N 78.56667°W / 52.24167; -78.56667
Length 756 km (470 mi) [1]
Basin 46,400 km2 (17,900 sq mi) [1]
Discharge
 - average 930 m3/s (32,840 cu ft/s) [1]
Eastmain River original basin in yellow and orange. Diverted basin in orange.

The Eastmain River is a river in west central Quebec which rises in central Quebec and flows 800 km west to drain into James Bay. 'East Main' is an old name for the east side of James Bay, related to the name of an early Hudson Bay Company trading post. This river drains an area of 46,400 square kilometres (17,900 sq mi). The First Nations Cree village of Eastmain is located at the mouth of the river on the bay.

Since the late 1980s, most of the waters of the Eastmain River have been diverted and flow northwards through the Opinaca Reservoir, with a surface area of about 950 km², and into the Robert-Bourassa Reservoir of Hydro-Québec's La Grande Complex. The remainder of the Eastmain River contains only about 10% of the volume of its former flow, and is now subject to freeze-up in winter (see photo). These changes have affected the Inuit peoples who live along the Eastmain River.

A further hydroelectric project on the upper Eastmain River was under construction in 2005. The project was part of the original hydroelectric project provided for by the James Bay and Northern Quebec Agreement of 1975. The Eastmain Reservoir will eventually have a surface area of about 600 km² and the Eastmain-1 power plant will generate a maximum of 900 MW.

The Eastmain river was named after the Hudson's Bay Company's East Main District, which was located east and south of Hudson Bay. The mouth of the Eastmain was a center of the Hudson Bay Company fur trade. Charles Bayly reached it from Rupert House in the 1670s. After Rupert House was destroyed in 1686, the area was visited by a ship from York Factory. In 1723-24 Joseph Myatt of the Hudson's Bay Company built a post.[2]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 3 Atlas of Canada Archived February 2, 2007, at the Wayback Machine. (all values of original river prior to hydro-electric development.)
  2. ↑ Arthur S Morton, A History of the Canadian West to 1870-71, no date, circa 1950


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