De la Gardie Campaign
| De la Gardie Campaign | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Part of Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18) | ||||||||
 Skopin-Shuisky meets Swedish governor Delagardi near Novgorod | ||||||||
| ||||||||
| Belligerents | ||||||||
| Muscovite Tsardom & Kingdom of Sweden | False Dmitry II | Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth | ||||||
| Commanders and leaders | ||||||||
|
Prince Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky General Jacob De la Gardie |
Rebel "Hetman" Roman Rozhinsky Rebel "Hetman" Paweł Jan Sapieha | Hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski | ||||||
| Strength | ||||||||
|
5.000 Swedish mercenaries 5.000 Russians (against rebels) 30.000 Russians(at Klushino) 11 cannon | Up to 100.000 at their peak |
6.500 cavalry 200 infantry 2 cannon | ||||||
| Casualties and losses | ||||||||
| Heavy, most mercenaries deflected at Klushino | Heavy | 400 | ||||||
The De la Gardie Campaign refers to the actions of a 5,000-strong Swedish auxiliary corps, commanded by Jacob De la Gardie and Evert Horn in alliance with the Russian commander Mikhail Skopin-Shuisky against False Dmitry II and Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth in the Polish–Muscovite War (1605–18).
Prelude
The campaign was a result of an alliance between Charles IX of Sweden and Vasili IV of Russia, made in Viborg in 1609, whereby the latter promised to cede the County of Kexholm to Sweden[1].
Campaign against the rebels
The combined Russo-Swedish army of about 10.000 set out from Novgorod in April 1609 and marched towards Moscow, defeating rebel forces and relieving the Siege of Troitse-Sergiyeva Lavra on their way. They dispersed the supporters of False Dmitry II, who maintained an alternative court in Tushino near Moscow and challenged the authority of Vasily IV. In March of 1610, Russo-Swedish army broke the rebel siege of Moscow and entered the city.[2]In the aftermath, some of the Tushino boyars summoned Wladyslaw IV to lay his claim to the Russian throne, while Skopin-Shuisky was poisoned at the behest of his uncle and rival, Prince Dmitry Shuisky[1].
Campaign against Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth
In June 1610, De la Gardie and Dmitry Shuisky departed from Moscow in order to lift the Polish-Lithuanian Siege of Smolensk. The campaign ended with most of De la Gardie's forces deflecting to the Polish hetman Stanisław Żółkiewski at the Battle of Klushino in 1610[1].
Aftermath
In the Battle of Klushino, after all but 400 of his men rebelled and defected to the enemy, Jacob de la Gardie concluded a truce with Żółkiewski, in exchange for the right of passage with the army to Vyborg and the promise not to serve the Moscow Tsar[2]. The De la Gardie Campaign can be considered a prelude to the Ingrian War.
References
- 1 2 3 Željko., Fajfrić, (2008). Ruski carevi (1. izd ed.). Sremska Mitrovica: Tabernakl. ISBN 9788685269172. OCLC 620935678.
- 1 2 Velikai︠a︡ russkai︠a︡ smuta : prichiny vozniknovenii︠a︡ i vykhod iz gosudarstvennogo krizisa v XVI-XVII vv. Strizhova, I. M., Стрижова, И. М. Moskva: Dar. 2007. ISBN 9785485001230. OCLC 230750976.