Dayang Kalangitan

Kalangitan
Dayang of Tondo and Namayan
Reign 1450–ca. 1515
Predecessor Rajah Lontok
Successor Rajah Salalila
Spouse Rajah Lontok
Issue

Dayang Panginoan
Dayang Lahat
Rajah Salalila

Gat Kahiya
Full name
ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔
Kalangitan
Cálan͠gúitán
House Tondo and Namayan
Father Rajah Gambang

Dayang Kalangitan (Baybayin: ᜃᜎᜅᜒᜆᜈ᜔ , Abecedario: Cálan͠gúitán) (r. 1450–ca. 1515) is a legendary figure in early Philippine history who was said to be Dayang of the pre-Hispanic Philippine polity of Pasig.[1] The eldest daughter of Rajah Gambang and ruling Pasig together with her husband, Rajah Lontok, legend considers her one of the most powerful rulers in the early history of the Tagalog people, and one of very few female leaders in early Philippine history.

Under her reign, the Kingdom of Tondo reached its Golden Age, where it spanned from the southern Cordilleras down to Ibalon (now Bicol). She is also notably the last Buddhist ruler of Tondo, which encompassed land along the banks of the Pasig River in Metro Manila.

Life

Dayang Kalangitan was the daughter of Rajah Gambang, who was then sovereign of Tondo. Since her father died without leaving a male heir, she was appointed queen regnant. Kalangitan married to Gat Lontok, (later Rajah Lontok) of Tondo. Believing herself capable of ruling, she proved to be a strong ruler. Together with her husband, Kalangitan established a small kingdom upstream to the east of Tondo around the Bitukang Manók (today Parian Creek in Pasig City).

Sometime around 1450, she became sole ruler of both Tondo and her own realm in Bitukang Manók. In order to maintain power and influence as queen, Kalangitan assented to the marriage of one of her daughters, Dayang Panginoan, to Prince Balagtas, the son of Empress Sasaban of Namayan. Under her reign, the Kingdom of Tondo reached its Golden Age, where it spanned from the southern Cordilleras down to Ibalon (now Bicol), the greatest extent of the kingdom's historical territories.

Dayang Kalangitan's son Salalila succeeded her as monarch of Tondo; after converting to Islam, he adopted his more famous name, Sulaiman.[1]

Issue

Dayang Kalangitan had four children:[2]

  • Dayang Panginoan, married Gat Balagtas of Sapa (now Sta. Ana, Manila);
  • Dayang Lahat, married Gat Timog;
  • Rajah Salalila, later known as Rajah Sulaiman I, Rajah of Maynila;
  • Gat Kahiya

literature

  • Kalangitan is a novel written by A.F. Eleazar. The plot revolves around a princess named Kalangitan, who became the Queen regnant of Namayan, Tondo, and on her realm at Bitukang Manok, which is the seat of power. As described on the novel, Kalangitan is the most powerful woman in the Maisung at the time of her reign. The novel tackled the history of pre-Hispanic Philippines and the tradition of monogamy, justice system, culture and social norms. The main gist of the novel is about feminism during the pre-colonial era as it shows on the way it was written. It also explore the genre of Philippine mythology, epic and legends. It also contains allegories and sublimal messages as seen on the succeeding chapters of the book.[3] The story was set in Manila during 1450 AD.[4]

See also

References

  1. 1 2 Odal-Devora, Grace (2000). Alejandro, Reynaldo Gamboa; Yuson, Alfred A., eds. The River Dwellers. Pasig : The River of Life. Unilever Philippines. pp. 43–66.
  2. ↑ "Timeline / Pre-Colonial". City of Pasig. Retrieved 8 May 2017.
  3. ↑ World Famous in the Philippines: Ancient History of the Philippines
  4. ↑ History of the Philippines
Regnal titles
Preceded by
Rajah Lontok		 Dayang of Tondo and Namayan
c. 1450–1515		 Succeeded by
Rajah Salalila
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