Hybotidae

Hybotidae
Bicellaria spuria (Ocydromiinae: Bicellariini)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Class: Insecta
Order: Diptera
Suborder: Brachycera
Superfamily: Empidoidea
Family: Hybotidae
Subfamilies

Hybotidae, the typical dance flies, are a family of true flies. They belong to the superfamily Empidoidea and were formerly included in the Empididae as a subfamily.

Some, such as Tachydromia, are predators that run around on the bark of trees in complex pattern, hence the common name. Tachydromia species are only about three millimeters long.

Systematics

The Hybotidae clearly form a lineage quite distinct from the Empididae. Among the Empidoidea, they represent a lineage more basal than the main radiation of Empididae and Dolichopodidae, though they are not as ancient as the genera placed in the Atelestidae.[1][2]

By and large, the Hybotidae are monophyletic. Among its subfamilies, the Hybotinae and Tachydromiinae certainly represent clades. The status of the Ocydromiinae as a natural group is less clear, in particular whether the Trichininae should be included as tribe Trichinini or even in the Bicellariini[3] or Oedaleini,[4] or whether they are more distinct and warrant recognition as a separate subfamily.[1]

Systematic list

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.

The subfamilies with their tribes and selected genera are:[2][5][6]

Hybotinae Meigen, 1820

Hybos culiciformis (Hybotinae)
  • Genus Acarterus Loew, 1858
  • Genus Afrohybos Smith, 1967
  • Genus Ceratohybos Bezzi
  • Genus Chillcottomyia Saigusa, 1986
  • Genus Euhybus Coquillett, 1895
  • Genus Hybos Meigen, 1803
  • Genus Lactistomyia Melander, 1902
  • Genus Lamachella Melander, 1928
  • Genus Neohybos Ale-Rocha & Carvalho, 2003
  • Genus Parahybos Kertész, 1899
  • Genus Smithybos Ale-Rocha, 2000
  • Genus Stenoproctus Loew, 1858
  • Genus Syndyas Loew, 1857
  • Genus Syneches Walker, 1852

Ocydromiinae

Ocydromia glabricula (Ocydromiinae: Ocydromiini)

Trichininae (often included in Ocydromiinae)

  • Genus Trichina Meigen, 1830[8]
  • Genus Trichinomyia Tuomikoski, 1959[9]
Tachydromia arrogans or closely related species (Tachydromiinae: Tachydromiini)

Tachydromiinae

References

  1. 1 2 Moulton, J. K.; Wiegmann, B. M. (2007). "The phylogenetic relationships of flies in the superfamily Empidoidea (Insecta: Diptera)". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 43 (3): 701–713. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2007.02.029. PMID 17468014.
  2. 1 2 Sinclair, Bradley J.; Cumming, Jeffrey M. (2006). "The morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea (Diptera)" (PDF). Zootaxa. 1180: 1–172. ISBN 1-877407-80-1. Retrieved 20 December 2011.
  3. ↑ Jere Kahanpää (July 23, 2008). "Hybotidae". Draft Catalogue of Finnish Flies (Diptera: Brachycera). Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2008.
  4. ↑ "Hybotidae". Integrated Taxonomic Information System. Retrieved June 21, 2008.
  5. ↑ Chvála, Milan (1983). The Empidoidea (Diptera) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. II. General Part. The families Hybotidae, Atelestidae and Microphoridae. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica. 12. pp. 1–279.
  6. ↑ Chvála, Milan (1975). The Tachydromiinae (Diptera; Empididae) of Fennoscandia and Denmark. Fauna Entomologica Scandinavica. 3. Klampenborg: Scandinavian Science Press. pp. 1–336. ISBN 87-87491-04-4.
  7. 1 2 Bradley J. Sinclair and Jeffrey M. Cumming (May 2006). "Morphology, higher-level phylogeny and classification of the Empidoidea". North American Dipterists Society.
  8. ↑ Miroslav Barták & Štěpán Kubík (2009). "A new species of the genus Trichina (Diptera: Hybotidae) with a key to European species" (PDF). home.czu.cz.
  9. ↑ "Trichinomyia Tuomikoski, 1959". Natural History Museum.
  10. ↑ "Symballophthalmus Becker, 1889". NBN Atlas.
  11. ↑ Shamshev, I.V.; Grootaert, P. (2007). "Revision of the genus Elaphropeza Macquart (Diptera: Hybotidae) from the Oriental Region, with a special attention to the fauna of Singapore" (PDF). Zootaxa. Auckland, New Zealand: Magnolia Press. 1488: 1–164. ISSN 1175-5334. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  12. ↑ Grootaert, Patrick; Van De Velde, Isabella; Shamshev, Igor V. (2015). "Two new coastal species of Elaphropeza Macquart (Diptera: Hybotidae) from Bali, Indonesia". European Journal of Taxonomy. 112 (1): 1–10. doi:10.5852/ejt.2015.112. ISSN 2118-9773. Retrieved 18 July 2017.
  13. ↑ Loew, H. (1864). "Ueber die schlesischen Arten der Gattungen Tachypeza Meig. (Tachypeza, Tachista, Dysaletria) und Microphorus Macq. (Trichina und Microphorus)". Zeitschrift für Entomologie. Breslau. 14 (1860): 1–60.
  14. ↑ Arias, J. E. (1919). "Description preliminar de un nuevo Empido de Espana". Boletín de la Real Sociedad Española de Historia Natural. 19: 479–481.
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