Cyrtandra (plant)

Cyrtandra
An unidentified species
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Asterids
Order:Lamiales
Family:Gesneriaceae
Genus:Cyrtandra
J.R.Forst. & G.Forst.
Species

600+, see text

Cyrtandra is a genus of flowering plants containing about 600 species,[1] with more being discovered often,[2] and is thus the largest genus in the family Gesneriaceae.[3] These plants are native to Southeast Asia, Australia, and the Pacific Islands, with the centre of diversity in Southeast Asia and the Malesian region.[3] The genus is common, but many species within it are very rare, localized, endangered endemic plants.[2] The species can be difficult to identify because they are highly polymorphic and because they readily hybridize with each other.[1] The plants may be small herbs, vines, shrubs, epiphytes, or trees. The genus is characterized in part by having two stamens, and most species have white flowers, with a few red-, orange-, yellow- and pink-flowered species known. Almost all species live in rainforest habitats.[2]

It is an example of a supertramp genus.[2]

Hawaiian Cyrtandra are known as ha‘iwale.[1]

Cyrtandra platyphylla

Species include:

  • Cyrtandra aurantiicarpa
  • Cyrtandra biserrata – Molokai cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra calyptribracteata
  • Cyrtandra cleopatrae
  • Cyrtandra confertiflora – lava cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra cordifolia[4] – the Latin name means cyrtandra with heart-shaped leaves
  • Cyrtandra crenata – Kahana Valley cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra cyaneoides – mapele
  • Cyrtandra dentata – mountain cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra elatostemoides
  • Cyrtandra elegans
  • Cyrtandra ferripilosa – red-hair cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra filipes – gulch cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra garnotiana – hahala
  • Cyrtandra giffardii – forest cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra gracilis – Palolo Valley cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra grandiflora – largeflower cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra grayana – Pacific cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra grayi – Gray's cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra halawensis – toothleaf cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra hashimotoi – Maui cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra hawaiensis – Hawaii cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra hematos – singleflower cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra hirtigera
  • Cyrtandra hypochrysoides
  • Cyrtandra kalihii – Koolau Range cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra kamooloaensis – Kamo'oloa cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra kauaiensis – ulunahele
  • Cyrtandra kealiae
    • Cyrtandra kealiae ssp. kealiae (syn. C. limahuliensis)[5]
    • Cyrtandra kealiae ssp. urceolata
  • Cyrtandra kohalae – Kohala Mountain cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra laxiflora – Oahu cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra lessoniana – Lesson's cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra macraei – upland cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra menziesii – ha'i wale
  • Cyrtandra munroi – Lanaihale cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra nitens
  • Cyrtandra oenobarba – shaggystem cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra olona – Kauai cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra oxybapha – Pohakea Gulch cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra paliku – cliffside cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra paludosa – kanaweo ke'oke'o
  • Cyrtandra platyphylla – 'ilihia
  • Cyrtandra polyantha – Niu Valley cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra pruinosa – frosted cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra pulgarensis
  • Cyrtandra samoensis
  • Cyrtandra sessilis – windyridge cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra subumbellata – parasol cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra tahuatensis
  • Cyrtandra tintinnabula – Laupahoehoe cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra umbellifera
  • Cyrtandra viridiflora – greenleaf cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra waiolani – fuzzyflower cyrtandra
  • Cyrtandra wawrae – rockface cyrtandra

References

  1. 1 2 3 Clermontia and Cyrtandra. DNA Barcoding Endemic Hawaiian Species Project. University of Hawaii, Hilo.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Quentin C. B. Cronk; Michael Kiehn; Warren L. Wagner; James F. Smith (2005). "Evolution of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in the Pacific Ocean: the origin of a supertramp clade". American Journal of Botany. 92 (6): 1017–1024. doi:10.3732/ajb.92.6.1017. JSTOR 4126079. PMID 21652486.
  3. 1 2 David H. Lorence; Steven Perlman (2007). "A new species of Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) from Hawai'i, Hawaiian Islands". Novon. 17 (3): 357–361. doi:10.3417/1055-3177(2007)17[357:ANSOCG]2.0.CO;2. JSTOR 20406191.
  4. ↑ Cyrtandra cordifolia at the Oahu board of water supply.
  5. ↑ Warren L. Wagner; David H. Lorence (2000). "A reassessment of Cyrtandra kealiae and C. limahuliensis (Gesneriaceae)". Bishop Museum Occasional Papers. 63: 17–20. hdl:10088/7612.

Further reading

  • H. Atkins; Q. C. B. Cronk (2001). "The genus Cyrtandra (Gesneriaceae) in Palawan, Philippines". Edinburgh Journal of Botany. 58: 443–458.


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