Cry34Ab1

Cry34Ab1 is one member of a binary Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) crystal protein set isolated from Bt strain PS149B1.[1] The protein exists as a 14 kDa delta endotoxin that, in presence of Cry35Ab1, exhibits insecticidal activity towards Western Corn Rootworm. [1][2] The protein has been transformed into maize plants under the commercialized events 4114 (DP-ØØ4114-3) by Pioneer Hi-Bred and 59122 (DAS-59122-7) by Dow AgroSciences. These events have, in turn, been bred into multiple trait stacks in additional products.

Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 binary toxins bind to the insect's brush border membrane vesicles (BBMVs) of cells in the epithelial lining of midgut, where they form pores; this leads to necrosis and, eventually, the insect's death. Most Bt delta endotoxins exist as a three-domain protein (around 70 kDa) in which BBMV specificity and pore-forming activity are conferred by the single protein.[3] The Cry35Ab1 (45 kDa) protein does not convey specificity in the absence of Cry34Ab1, indicating that the smaller 14 kDa Cry34Ab1 protein is critical for BBMV binding and recruitment of Cry35Ab1 to induce insecticidal effect.[2]

Cry34Ab1 is composed of two beta sheets in a beta-sandwich structure; the total protein is composed of 117 amino acid residues and contains a hydrophobic core.[4] As a member of the aerolysin family[4] interaction with cell membranes is consistent with its role in the binary Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 toxin complex.

References

  1. 1 2 Moellenbeck, Daniel J.; Peters, Melvin L.; Bing, James W.; Rouse, James R.; Higgins, Laura S.; Sims, Lynne; Nevshemal, Tony; Marshall, Lisa; Ellis, R. Tracy (2001-07-01). "Insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis protect corn from corn rootworms". Nature Biotechnology. 19 (7): 668–672. doi:10.1038/90282. ISSN 1546-1696.
  2. 1 2 Li, Huarong; Olson, Monica; Lin, Gaofeng; Hey, Timothy; Tan, Sek Yee; Narva, Kenneth E. (2013-01-04). "Bacillus thuringiensis Cry34Ab1/Cry35Ab1 Interactions with Western Corn Rootworm Midgut Membrane Binding Sites". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e53079. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0053079. ISSN 1932-6203.
  3. ↑ Palma, Leopoldo; Muñoz, Delia; Berry, Colin; Murillo, Jesús; Caballero, Primitivo (2014-12-11). "Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins: An Overview of Their Biocidal Activity". Toxins. 6 (12): 3296–3325. doi:10.3390/toxins6123296.
  4. 1 2 Kelker, Matthew S.; Berry, Colin; Evans, Steven L.; Pai, Reetal; McCaskill, David G.; Wang, Nick X.; Russell, Joshua C.; Baker, Matthew D.; Yang, Cheng (2014-11-12). "Structural and Biophysical Characterization of Bacillus thuringiensis Insecticidal Proteins Cry34Ab1 and Cry35Ab1". PLOS ONE. 9 (11): e112555. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0112555. ISSN 1932-6203.
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