Constantine John Alexopoulos

Constantine John Alexopoulos
Born (1907-03-17)March 17, 1907
Died May 15, 1986(1986-05-15) (aged 79)
Alma mater University of Illinois
Spouse(s) Juliet Drowdy
Scientific career
Institutions University of Texas at Austin, University of Iowa, Michigan State University, Kent State University, University of Illinois

Constantine John Alexopoulos (March 17, 1907 – May 15, 1986) was an American mycologist.[1] Alexopoulos married Juliet Dowdy in 1939 [2] but they had no children.[1] He was the main author of the landmark book Introductory Mycology, commonly used in mycology and mycology-related courses in undergrad and grad schools around the globe. Introductory Mycology was translated into five languages.[2]

Education

Although born in the United States of America, Alexopoulos studied in Athens until the beginning of high school, when he returned to his birthpace of Chicago in October 1919.[1][3] Alexopoulos had to move to Greece at an early age to accompany his deployed father who joined the Greek army in the Balkan Wars.[1] After returning to the USA, Alexopoulos finished high school at Lane Technical High School [3] and already showed interest in plants.[1] From this interest, his career choice arose and he started horticulture at the University of Illinois in 1923.[1] His master studies were focused on "the cytology of microsporogenesis of raspberry hybrids".[1] Alexopoulos received his M.Sc. degree in 1928.[1] Alexopoulos got a Ph.D. degree in 1932 based on his research entitled "Pycnidial Fungi from Vitis".[2]

Career

Alexopoulos was unlucky to obtain his Ph.D. degree at the beginning of the Great Depression, a period of unprecedented economic crisis in the USA.[1] After his former Ph.D. advisor Frank Lincoln Stevens had a heart attack,[1] Alexopoulos started to work as a full-time instructor teaching classes in Mycology from 1934 to 1935,[2] when he was then hired by Kent State University (KSU) [1] as an instructor in Biology.[3] During this job, Alexopoulos met his soon-to-be wife Juliet Dowdy.[1] After KSU, Alexopoulos worked at the Institute of Chemistry and Agriculture, in Greece and the Rubber Development Corporation, in Brazil.[1] In 1947, Alexopoulos started working at Michigan State University (MSU), where he published the first edition of the infamous Introductory Mycology book in 1952.[1] He worked as a Full Professor at MSU from 1952 to 1956, when he moved to the University of Iowa.[2] In 1962, Alexopoulos took the position as a faculty member at University of Texas at Austin,[2] where he lived the rest of his career and life [1]

Scientific production and contribution

Alexopoulos identified and named several species like Echinostelium elachiston,[4] Echinostelium cribrarioides,[5] Physarella oblonga f. alba,[6] and higher taxa, such as Acrasiogymnomycotina.[7] He participated in 85 publications during his life, half of which focused on Myxomycetes.[2] A list of his most notable publications is shown below.[8][1] Besides the utmost important Introductory Mycology, his work in collaboration with Storck regarding Fungi DNA was also extremely important, as one of the pioneers in comparing the proportion of guanine and cytosine content of Fungi DNA for taxonomic purposes [9]

Papers and reviews

  • Taxonomic studies in the Myxomycetes .5. Significance of peridial and spore ornamentations in the genus Tubifera, with a revised key to the speciesNelson, RK; Scheetz, RW; Alexopoulos, CJ Mycologia volume: 74 issue: 4 pages: 541-548 published: 1982
  • Deoxyribonucleic acid of fungi. Storck, R; Alexopoulos, CJ. Bacteriol.ogical reviews volume: 34 issue: 2 pages: 126-+ published: 1970
  • The Myxomycetes II. Alexopoulos, CJ. Botanical review volume: 29 issue: 1 pages: 1-78 published: 1963
  • Gross morphology of the plasmodium and its possible significance in the relationships among the Myxomycetes. Alexopoulos, CJ. Mycologia volume: 52 issue: 1 pages: 1-20 published: 1960
  • Nucleotide composition of deoxyribonucleic acid of some species of Cryptococcus rhodotorula and Sporobolomyces. Storck, R; Alexopoulos, CJ; Phaff, HJ. Journal of Bacteriology volume: 98 issue: 3 pages: 1069-+ published: 1969

Books

  • Introductory Mycology. Alexopoulos, CJ; Mims, CW. 1952. John Wiley & Sons, First Edition.
  • The Myxomycetes. Martin, GW; Alexopoulos, CJ. 1969. Univ. Iowa Press
  • Algae and Fungi. Alexopoulos, CJ. 1967. New York, Macmillan

Academic connections

Alexopoulos had 40 students during his academic life, including Master's, doctoral and post-doctoral students.[2] Among these students was Meredith Blackwell, an emerita Professor at the Louisiana State University who focuses on Fungi associated with arthropods.[10] On the upper branches of Alexopoulos' "scientific genealogic tree" lies the infamous Anton De Bary [1] known as the Father of Plant Pathology.[11]

Memberships, positions and awards

Alexopoulos remarkable career granted him recognition by many different organizations around the globe. Alexopoulos received honors such as the Fulbright research fellow (1954)[1] by the University of Athens, Distinguished Mycologist (1981)[1] and W.H. Weston Award for Teaching Excellence in Mycology by the Mycological Society of America (1983).[1] Currently, Alexopoulos names an award for mycologists - annually, the Mycological Society of America rewards mycologists in early career with the C.J. Alexopoulos Prize, in recognition to their outstanding work [12]

Additional facts and curiosities

Alexopoulos extensively studied the Myxomycetes. The uncertainty of the phylogeny of the Myxomycetes during Alexopoulos' career is addressed in one of his papers, when he refers to his knowledge of the Myxomycetes as "too meager to allow more than mere speculation concerning the phylogeny of the forms within the class itself",[13] despite years of study.

Alexopoulos was the last mycologist to be the President of the Botanical Society of America, a landmark of the connection loss between these two fields of science[14]

Much like his wife, who was an instructor in music,[1] Alexopoulos was fond of arts. He loved classical music, especially Mozart, and photography.[1]

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 Blackwell, Meredith (March 1988). "C. J. Alexopoulos: A short history". Transactions of the British Mycological Society. 90: 153–158.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Brodie, Harold J. (April 1987). "Constantine John Alexopoulos, 1907-1986". Mycologia. 79 (2): 163–165.
  3. 1 2 3 Stafleu, Frans Antonie.; Cowan, Richard S. Details - Taxonomic literature : a selective guide to botanical publications and collections with dates, commentaries and types - Biodiversity Heritage Library. doi:10.5962/bhl.title.48631.
  4. ↑ Alexopoulos, Constantine John (1958). "Three new species of Myxomycetes from Greece". Mycologia. 50: 52–56.
  5. ↑ Alexopoulos, Constantine John (1961). "A new species of Echinostelium from Greece". The American Midland Naturalist. 66 (2): 391–394.
  6. ↑ Alexopoulos, Constantine John (1964). "The white form of Physarella oblonga". Mycologia. 56: 550–554.
  7. ↑ Alexopoulos, CJ; Mims, CW (1979). Introductory Mycology. Wiley. p. 38.
  8. ↑ "Web of Science - Please Sign In to Access Web of Science". webofknowledge.com. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
  9. ↑ Storck, R; Alexopoulos, CJ (1970). "Deoxyribonucleic Acid of Fungi". Bacteriological Reviews. 34 (2): 126–154.
  10. ↑ Jones, Timothy M. "Meredith Blackwell Bio at Herbarium of Louisiana State University". www.herbarium.lsu.edu. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
  11. ↑ "Plants Get Sick, Too". www.apsnet.org. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
  12. ↑ America, Mycological Society of. "Alexopoulos Prize". msafungi.org. Retrieved 2017-09-28.
  13. ↑ Alexopoulos, Constantine John (March 1963). "The Myxomycetes II". The Botanical Review. 29: 1–78.
  14. ↑ Blackwell, Meredith (2006). "C.J.A. –The last mycologist to be BSA President". Plant Science Bulletin. 52: 2–11.
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