Confrontation (Bob Marley & The Wailers album)

Confrontation
Studio album by Bob Marley and the Wailers
Released	23 May 1983
Recorded	ca. 1977-80, April–May 1982
Studio	Tuff Gong Studios, Kingston, Jamaica
Genre	Reggae
Length	37:47
Label	Tuff Gong/Island
Producer	Bob Marley & the Wailers and Errol Brown, Rita Marley (executive producer)
Bob Marley and the Wailers chronology

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Confrontation is a reggae album by Bob Marley & the Wailers, released posthumously in May 1983, two years after Marley's death. The songs on this album were compiled from unreleased material and singles recorded during Marley's lifetime. Many of the tracks were built up from demos, most notably Jump Nyabinghi where vocals from the I-Threes were added, which were not there when Marley released the song as a dubplate in 1979. In addition the harmony vocals on "Blackman Redemption" and "Rastaman Live Up" are performed by the I-Threes in order to give the album a consistent sound – on the original single versions they are performed by The Meditations. The most famous track on the album is "Buffalo Soldier."

The album cover depicts Bob Marley taking the role as the military saint Saint George slaying the dragon as a symbol of evil. Perhaps not coincidentally, this motif was also displayed on the reverse of the imperial standard of Rastafari icon Haile Selassie of Ethiopia, though the direct model for the album art is a British recruitment poster from World War I. Inside the album sleeve is an artist's depiction of the Battle of Adowa where Ethiopian forces defeated Italy in 1896.

Track listing

Original album (1983)

All tracks written by Bob Marley, except where stated.

Side one
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Chant Down Babylon"		2:36
2.	"Buffalo Soldier"	Bob Marley, N.G. Williams	4:17
3.	"Jump Nyabinghi"		3:44
4.	"Mix Up, Mix Up"		5:02
5.	"Give Thanks & Praises"		3:16

Side two
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
6.	"Blackman Redemption"		3:33
7.	"Trench Town"		3:12
8.	"Stiff Necked Fools"		3:25
9.	"I Know"		3:21
10.	"Rastaman Live Up!"	Bob Marley, Lee "Scratch" Perry	5:26

The Definitive Remastered edition (2001)

All tracks written by Bob Marley, except where stated.

Side one
No.	Title	Writer(s)	Length
1.	"Chant Down Babylon"		2:36
2.	"Buffalo Soldier"	Bob Marley, N.G. Williams	4:17
3.	"Jump Nyabinghi"		3:44
4.	"Mix Up, Mix Up"		5:02
5.	"Give Thanks & Praises"		3:16
6.	"Blackman Redemption"		3:33
7.	"Trench Town"		3:12
8.	"Stiff Necked Fools"		3:25
9.	"I Know"		3:21
10.	"Rastaman Live Up!"	Bob Marley, Lee "Scratch" Perry	5:26
11.	"Buffalo Soldier" (12-inch mix)		7:37

"Stiff Necked Fools"

Stiff Necked Fools audio sample

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Personnel

Bob Marley – lead vocals, background vocal, rhythm guitar
Aston Barrett – bass, guitar, percussion
Carlton Barrett – drums, akete
Tyrone Downie – keyboards, background vocal
Junior Marvin – lead guitar, background vocal
Earl Lindo – keyboards
Alvin Patterson – percussion
I Threes (Rita Marley, Marcia Griffiths and Judy Mowatt) – backing vocals
Glen DaCosta – tenor saxophone
David Madden – trumpet
Ronald "Nambo" Robinson – trombone
Devon Evans – percussion
Carlton "Santa" Davis– drums (on "Chant Down Babylon")

Technical

Neville Garrick – art direction and graphics
Errol Brown – recording and mixing engineer
Michaell Reid – assistant engineer
Errol Brown, Chris Blackwell and Aston Barrett – mixers
Bob Marley & The Wailers and Errol Brown – producers
Azdean Marley – executive producer
Ted Jensen at Sterling Sound, NYC - mastering

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