Common Germanic deities
The article lists gods and goddesses (Ansewez, Wanizaz) that may be reconstructed for Proto-Germanic or Common Germanic Migration period paganism, or which figure in both West and North Germanic mythology. See list of Germanic deities for a complete list of Germanic gods and goddesses, including those for whom there is insufficient attestation to produce Common Germanic reconstructions.
Deities
- Goddesses
- Nerþuz, described by Tacitus as Mother Earth, possibly continued in Norse Njǫrðr (Njord, Njorth).
- Frijjō, "wife" (specifically here the wife of Wōdanaz), Old English Frige, Norse Frigg, cf. Sanskrit priyā "mistress, wife".
- Fraujō, daughter of Njǫrðr, Norse Freyja, Old High German Frouwa, Old English frēo meaning "lady", cf. Gothic Fráujo "lady, mistress", German "Frau", Dutch "Vrouw", Swedish, Danish and Norwegian "Fru".
- Fullō, goddess—or *Fullaz, god—of riches, plenty. Corresponds to Norse Fulla.
- Wurdiz, "fate", Norse Urðr (Urd, Urth), Old English Wyrd.
- Sōwilō, the Sun, Norse Sól, Old English Sunne, Old High German Sunna.
- Gods
- Wōdanaz, "lord of poetic/mantic inspiration", "Germanic Mercury", Norse Óðinn (often Anglicized Odin or, especially in older texts, Othin), Old English Wōden, Old High German Wuotan.
- Þunraz, "thunder", "Germanic Jupiter", Norse Þórr (Thor), West Germanic Donar, Old English Þunor.
- Teiwaz, god of war and possibly early sky god, "Germanic Mars", Norse Týr and possibly Tir, Old English Tiw, Old High German Ziu, continues Indo-European Dyeus.
- Ermunaz, Saxon god (speculative, based on Nennius' Armenon). The word means "strong" or "exalted" (Old High German ermen, Old Norse jǫrmaun or jörmun, Old English Eormen).
- Wulþuz, "glorious one", possibly originally an epitheton, mentioned on the Thorsberg chape, continued in Norse Ullr.
- Ingwaz or Inguz, identified with the god addressed as fraujaz "lord" (Old High German frô, Gothic frauja, Old English frēa, Old Norse freyr)
Semi-gods or mythical heroes
- Auzawandilaz, Old English: Ēarendel; Old Norse: Aurvandil; Lombardic: Auriwandalo; Old High German: Orentil, Erentil; Medieval Latin: Horuuendillus, the morning star(?).
- Gautaz, Old English: Geat; Old Norse: Gautr, mythical ancestor of royal houses.
- Wēlanduz, Old English: Wēland; Old Norse: Völundr or Velentr; Old High German: Wiolant; from *Wēla-nandaz, literally "battle-brave",[1] a mythical or Elven smith.
- Agilaz, Old English Ægil, Alamannic: Aigil, Old Norse: Egil, a mythical archer.
Mythical races
Cosmology
- Medjanagardaz inhabited world
- erþo anþi uppahemenaz Germanic formula for "heaven and earth", notably naming earth first. Mentioned in the Norse Edda, Skarpåker Stone and Old High German Wessobrunner Gebet etc.
- Haljō Underworld
- Muþspell (see Muspilli and Muspelheim) Disastrous world-ending (c.f. Ragnarok)
See also
References
- ↑ see Hellmut Rosenfeld, Der Name Wieland, Beiträge zur Namenforschung (1969).
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