Coccoloba

Coccoloba
Coccoloba uvifera (Seagrape) bush
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Order:Caryophyllales
Family:Polygonaceae
Subfamily:Eriogonoideae
Genus:Coccoloba
P.Browne
Species

See text

Coccoloba is a genus of about 120–150 species of flowering plants in the family Polygonaceae. The genus is native to tropical and subtropical regions of the Americas, in South America, the Caribbean and Central America, with two species extending into Florida.[1][2]

The species are shrubs and trees, mostly evergreen. The leaves are alternate, often large (to very large in some species; up to 36 in (90 cm) wide in C. pubescens),[3] with the leaves on juvenile plants often larger and of different shape to those of mature plants. The flowers are produced in spikes. The fruit is a three-angled achene, surrounded by an often brightly coloured fleshy perianth, edible in some species, though often astringent.[1][2]

There is no overall English name for the genus, although many of the individual species have widely used common names.

Selected species

  • Coccoloba acuminata
  • Coccoloba barbadensis – Uvero
  • Coccoloba caracasana – Papaturro
  • Coccoloba costata – Uvilla
  • Coccoloba diversifolia – Pigeonplum
  • Coccoloba goldmanii
  • Coccoloba krugii – Whitewood seagrape
  • Coccoloba microstachya – Puckhout
  • Coccoloba pallida – Pale seagrape
  • Coccoloba pubescens – Grandleaf seagrape
  • Coccoloba pyrifolia – Uvera
  • Coccoloba rugosa – Ortegon
  • Coccoloba sintenisii – Uvero de monte
  • Coccoloba swartzii – Swartz's pigeonplum
  • Coccoloba tenuifolia – Bahama pigeonplum
  • Coccoloba uvifera – Seagrape
  • Coccoloba venosa – False chiggergrape

Sources:[4][5][6]

Ecology

The genus includes several ectomycorrhizal species; for example, C. uvifera is apparently associated with at least the following macrofungal families Amanitaceae, Russulaceae, and Boletaceae. The species Coccoloba cereifera is notable for being restricted to an area of only some 26 square km on a single low peak near Serra do Cipó National Park, in the Brazilian state of Minas Gerais.[7]

Cultivation and uses

One species, Coccoloba uvifera (Seagrape) is commonly cultivated for its edible fruit, and the genus name is sometimes used to denote this species.

References

  1. 1 2 Flora of North America: Coccoloba
  2. 1 2 Huxley, A., ed. (1992). New RHS Dictionary of Gardening. Macmillan ISBN 0-333-47494-5.
  3. ↑ J.G. Rohwer, Tropical Plants of the World (New York: Sterling, 2002)
  4. ↑ USDA Plants Profile: Coccoloba
  5. ↑ Global Compendium of Weeds: Coccoloba acuminata
  6. ↑ Plants of Hawaii: Polygonaceae Archived 2008-05-04 at the Wayback Machine.
  7. ↑ Katia Torres Ribeiro; G. Wilson Fernandes (1999). "Geographic distribution of Coccoloba cereifera Schw. (Polygonaceae), a narrow endemic plant from Serra do Cipó, Brazil" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-06.


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