Classical Gaelic

Classical Gaelic
Gaoidhealg
Native to Scotland, Ireland
Era

13th to 18th century

Archaic literary language based on 12th century Irish, formerly used by professional classes in Ireland until the 17th century, and in Scotland until the 18th century, though with some continued but restricted use till the 1800s in both countries.
Early forms
Latin
Language codes
ISO 639-3 ghc
Glottolog hibe1235[1]

Classical Gaelic (Scottish Gaelic: Gàidhlig Chlasaigeach; Irish: Gaeilge Chlasaiceach) was the shared literary form that was in use in Scotland and Ireland from the 13th century to the 18th century.[2] The language may be thought of as a high-register version of Early Modern Irish.

Although the first written signs of Scottish Gaelic having diverged from Irish appear as far back as the 12th century annotations of the Book of Deer, Scottish Gaelic did not have a standardised form and did not appear in print on a significant scale until the 1767 translation of the New Testament into Scottish Gaelic[3] although John Carswell's Foirm na n-Urrnuidheadh, an adaptation of John Knox's Book of Common Order, was the first book printed in either Scottish or Irish Gaelic.[4]

Encoding

Ethnologue gives the name "Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic" (and the ISO 639-3 code ghc) to cover both Classical Gaelic and Early Modern Irish.

Notes

  1. ↑ Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Hiberno-Scottish Gaelic". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. ↑ Ó Maolalaigh, Scottish Gaelic in Twelve Weeks
  3. ↑ Thomson (ed.), The Companion to Gaelic Scotland
  4. ↑ Meek, "Scots-Gaelic Scribes", pp. 263-4; Wormald, Court, Kirk and Community, p. 63.

References

  • Meek, Donald E., "The Scots-Gaelic Scribes of Late Medieval Perthshire: An Overview of the Orthography and Contents of the Book of the Dean of Lismore", in Janet Hadley Williams (ed.), Stewart Style, 1513-1542: Essays on the Court of James V (East Linton, 1996), pp. 254–72
  • Ó Maolalaigh, R. Scottish Gaelic in Twelve Weeks (2008) Birlinn ISBN 978-1-84158-643-4
  • Thomson, D. (ed.) The Companion to Gaelic Scotland (1994) Gairm ISBN 1-871901-31-6
  • Wormald, Jenny, Court, Kirk and Community: Scotland, 1470-1625 (Edinburgh, 1981), ISBN 0-7486-0276-3
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