Church of the Holy Ghost, Bern

Church of the Holy Ghost
Heiliggeistkirche
Church of the Holy Ghost
Church of the Holy Ghost
Church of the Holy Ghost
Church of the Holy Ghost
46°56′52.41″N 7°26′26.83″E / 46.9478917°N 7.4407861°E / 46.9478917; 7.4407861Coordinates: 46°56′52.41″N 7°26′26.83″E / 46.9478917°N 7.4407861°E / 46.9478917; 7.4407861
Location Bern
Country Switzerland
Denomination Swiss Reformed
Website www.heiliggeistkirche.ch
History
Former name(s) Spitalkirche
Status Church
Consecrated 6 November 1729
Architecture
Functional status Active
Heritage designation Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance
Architect(s) Niklaus Schiltkecht
Style Baroque
Groundbreaking April 1726
Completed October 1729
Construction cost 48,968.52 Krone
Specifications
Length 40.5 m (133 ft)
Width 24.9 m (82 ft)
Nave width 21 m (69 ft)
Height 11.8 m (39 ft)[1]
Number of spires 1
Spire height 62.25 m (204.2 ft)
Materials Sandstone


The Church of the Holy Ghost (German: Heiliggeistkirche) is a Swiss Reformed Church in Bern, Switzerland. The Swiss heritage site of national significance building[2] is located at Spitalgasse 44 in the Old City of Bern. It is one of largest Swiss Reformed churches in Switzerland.

Early churches

The first church was a chapel built for the Holy Ghost hospital and abbey. The chapel, hospital and abbey were first mentioned in 1228 and at the time sat about 150 meters (490 ft) outside the western gate in the first city wall. This building was replaced by the second church between 1482 and 1496. During the 15th century, the Holy Ghost Abbey began to slowly decline. In 1528 the church was secularized by the reformers and the last two monks at the Abbey were driven out of Bern.[3] During the following years it was used as a granary. In 1604 it was again used for religious services, as the hospital church for the Oberer Spital. At that time the church had a maximum capacity of about 750. The second church was demolished in 1726 to make way for a new church building.

Construction of the modern church

Following an 11-year planning phase,[4] in 1726-29 the third church was built by Niklaus Schiltknecht.[5] This church was built out of a local sandstone in the baroque style. Until 1865 it was located west of the Christoffelturm and the Christoffelturm Church. However, these buildings were demolished to make way for the new train station.

During the 1726 construction of the church, Roman religious objects were discovered under the foundation. From this find, it appears likely that the church sits on the site of an old Roman temple.[4]

Interior

The first organ in the new church was installed in 1804, and was replaced in 1933 by the second organ. The church has six bells, one of the two largest was cast in 1596 and the other in 1728. The four other bells were all cast in 1860.[4] The interior is supported by 14 monolithic columns made of sandstone and has a free-standing pulpit in the northern part of the nave. Much like the St. Pierre Cathedral in Geneva, the Church of the Holy Ghost holds about 2,000 people and is one of the largest Protestant churches in Switzerland.[4]

Notable ministers

From 1693 to 1698 the hospital's chief minister was the Pietist theologian, Samuel Heinrich König. In 1829 and 1830, the vicar of the church was the poet Jeremias Gotthelf.

References

  1. ↑ Hofer, pgs. 199-209
  2. ↑ "Swiss inventory of cultural property of national and regional significance". A-Objects. Federal Office for Cultural Protection (BABS). 1 January 2017. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
  3. ↑ Historische Notizen zur Heiliggeistkirche, A. 5., G.2., F.4., F.2., (in German)
  4. 1 2 3 4 Weber, Berchtold (1976). Historisch-topographisches Lexikon der Stadt Bern. Archived from the original on 6 September 2009. Retrieved 1 February 2010. (in German)
  5. ↑ Paul Hofer und Luc Mojon; Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Bern Band V, die Kirchen der Stadt Bern 58. Band der Reihe Die Kunstdenkmäler der Schweiz, Birkhäuser Basel 1969 ISBN Seiten 157 - 232
  • Paul Hofer und Luc Mojon; Die Kunstdenkmäler des Kantons Bern Band V, die Kirchen der Stadt Bern 58. Band der Reihe Die Kunstdenkmäler der Schweiz, Birkhäuser Basel 1969 ISBN Seiten 157 - 232
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