Chuquiraga

Chuquiraga
Chuquiraga jussieui
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Asterids
Order: Asterales
Family: Asteraceae
Subfamily: Barnadesioideae
Genus: Chuquiraga
Synonyms[1]
  • Joannesia Pers. 1807, illegitimate homonym not Vell. 1789 (Euphorbiaceae)
  • Joannea Willd. ex Spreng.
  • Diacantha Lag.
  • Johannia Willd.

Chuquiraga is a genus of flowering plants in the aster family.[2][3][4] The genus is distributed in the Andes from Colombia to Chile, with most species occurring in Patagonia.[3]

These are evergreen shrubs. They have many shapes and sizes of leaves, and two general types of flowers apparently adapted for pollination by hummingbirds and insects.[5] Some species occur at elevations over 4000 meters in the Andes, while others can be found at sea level.[6]

Many are of ecological importance because they are dominant plant species in very dry habitat types, and local animals depend on them.[7] Hummingbirds of the genus Oreotrochilus, the hillstars, rely heavily on these plants, and some species have never been observed on any other plant taxa.[8]

Some species have been used as fuel, as traditional medicines, and as ornamental plants.[7]

Species[1]
  1. Chuquiraga acanthophylla
  2. Chuquiraga arcuata
  3. Chuquiraga atacamensis
  4. Chuquiraga aurea
  5. Chuquiraga avellanedae
  6. Chuquiraga calchaquina
  7. Chuquiraga doniana
  8. Chuquiraga echegarayi
  9. Chuquiraga jussieui
  10. Chuquiraga kuscheli
  11. Chuquiraga kuschelii
  12. Chuquiraga longiflora
  13. Chuquiraga morenonis
  14. Chuquiraga oblongifolia
  15. Chuquiraga oppositifolia
  16. Chuquiraga parviflora
  17. Chuquiraga raimondiana
  18. Chuquiraga rosulata
  19. Chuquiraga ruscifolia
  20. Chuquiraga spinosa
  21. Chuquiraga straminea
  22. Chuquiraga tomentosa
  23. Chuquiraga weberbaueri

References

  1. 1 2 Flann, C (ed) 2009+ Global Compositae Checklist Archived 2014-11-14 at Archive.is
  2. ↑ Jussieu, Antoine Laurent de. 1789. Genera Plantarum 178 in Latin
  3. 1 2 (in Spanish) Chuquiraga Juss. Arboles y arbustos de los Andes del Ecuador. eFloras.
  4. ↑ Anderberg, A. A.; et al. (2007). "Chuquiraga Juss.". In Kadereit, J. W. and C. Jeffrey. Flowering plants: Eudicots; Asterales. The Families and Genera of Vascular Plants. 8. Springer. p. 90. ISBN 978-3-540-31050-1.
  5. ↑ Ezcurra, C. (2002). Phylogeny, morphology, and biogeography of Chuquiraga, an Andean-Patagonian genus of Asteraceae-Barnadesioideae. The Botanical Review 68(1), 153-70.
  6. ↑ Ezcurra, C., et al. (1997). Phylogeny of Chuquiraga sect. Acanthophyllae (Asteraceae-Barnadesioideae), and the evolution of its leaf morphology in relation to climate. Systematic Botany 22(1), 151-63.
  7. 1 2 Hoeneisen, M., et al. (2000). Constituents of Chuquiraga atacamensis and C. ulicina. Boletín de la Sociedad Chilena de Química 45(1), 49-52.
  8. ↑ Bleiweiss, R. (1982). The northern limit of the hummingbird genus Oreotrochilus in South America. The Auk 99(2), 376-78.


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