Messe für den Gründonnerstag

Messe für den Gründonnerstag
Mass by Anton Bruckner
The young Bruckner
Key F major
Catalogue WAB 9
Form Missa brevis
Composed 1844 (1844) – 1845 (1845): Kronstorf
Dedication Ad maiorem Dei gloriam
Published 1932 (1932): Regensburg
Movements 8 (2 lost)
Vocal SATB choir

The Messe für den Gründonnerstag, WAB 9, is a missa brevis composed by Anton Bruckner in 1844.

History

Bruckner composed the Messe für den Gründonnerstag (Mass for Maundy Thursday), a Choral-Messe in F major (WAB 9) for mixed choir a cappella, in 1844 while he was a schoolteacher's assistant in Kronstorf. Bruckner dedicated the work A.M.D.G.[1][2]

The work, the manuscript of which is stored in the archive of Wels, was first published in band I, pp. 258–274 of the Göllerich/Auer biography. Thereafter, only the Gradual Christus factus est[3] was issued by Anton Böhm & Sohn in 1931,[2] so that the work was listed by Grasberger as Christus factus est, WAB 9.

The full setting of the mass is edited in Band XXI/5 of the Gesamtausgabe.[4]

Setting

The work is divided into six parts:

  1. Gradual Christus factus est, F major
  2. Credo, F major
  3. Offertory Dextera Domini, F major
  4. Sanctus, E-flat major
  5. Benedictus, G major
  6. Agnus Dei, D minor

Total duration: about 10 minutes.

On the front page of Bruckner's manuscript is written:

Vierstimmige Choral-Messe ohne Kyrie und Gloria für den Gründonnerstag
auch mit fug[iertem] Kyr[ie] und Glor[ia] [1]845 comp[oniert]
A.M.D.G. comp[oniert] [1]844, Anton Bruckner

In front of page 3 of the manuscript is written In coena Domini (At the Last Supper)

This Missa brevis exhibits as the previous Kronstorfer Messe relationships to Palestrina's style.[5] It contained originally no Kyrie or Gloria, but included the Gradual Christus factus est and the Offertory Dextera Domini proper for the feast.[6][7][8][9] The extra fugated Kyrie and Gloria, which were composed in 1845, have been lost.[1][2][10]

As also in the following Missa solemnis, Mass No. 1 and Mass No. 2 the first verse of the Credo is not composed and has to be intoned by the priest in Gregorian mode before the choir is going on. Only the first part of the Credo is composed, until "descendit de caelis".[1] The Sanctus is a slightly modified version of the Sanctus of the Kronstorfer Messe.[8][11]

Text

The text of Dextera Domini is derived from Psalm 117 in the Vulgata (Psalms 118:16–17).

Dextera Domini fecit virtutem,
Dextera Domini exaltavit me.
Non moriar, sed vivam, et narrabo opera Domini.

The right hand of the Lord hath wrought strength;
The right hand of the Lord has exalted me.
I shall not die, but live, and declare the works of the Lord.[12]

Use in the modern liturgy

To make the Messe für den Gründonnerstag usable for Eucharist celebration

  • Joseph Messner revised in 1941 the existing movements, and created a Kyrie and a Gloria, by using elements of the Gradual and the Offertory, and organ accompaniment ad libitum.[9]
  • Michael Stenov composed in 2018 a Kyrie and a Gloria, and completed the Credo fragment in Bruckner style. This completion was premiered in the Carmelite church of Linz during the Palm Sunday and Maundy Thursday celebrations.[13]

Discography

There is a single recording of the entire original setting of the Mass:

  • Rupert Gottfried Frieberger, Anton Bruckner – Kirchenmusikalische Werke, Vokalensemble der Stiftsmusik Schlägl – Fabian Records CD 5115, c. 2005

References

Sources

  • August Göllerich, Anton Bruckner. Ein Lebens- und Schaffens-Bild, c. 1922 – posthumous edited by Max Auer by G. Bosse, Regensburg, 1932
  • Anton Bruckner – Sämtliche Werke, Band XXI: Kleine Kirchenmusikwerke, Musikwissenschaftlicher Verlag der Internationalen Bruckner-Gesellschaft, Hans Bauernfeind and Leopold Nowak (Editor), Vienna, 1984/2001
  • Max Auer, Anton Bruckner. Sein Leben und Werk. Amalthea-Verlag, Vienna, c. 1950
  • Robert Haas, Anton Bruckner, 2nd print (Reprint der Ausgabe Athenaion, Potsdam, 1934), Laaber Verlag, Regensburg, 1980. ISBN 3-9215-1841-5
  • Uwe Harten, Anton Bruckner. Ein Handbuch. Residenz Verlag, Salzburg, 1996. ISBN 3-7017-1030-9.
  • James Garrat, Palestrina and the German Romantic Imagination, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004. ISBN 0-521-80737-9
  • John Williamson, The Cambridge Companion to Bruckner, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2004. ISBN 0-521-80404-3
  • Cornelis van Zwol, Anton Bruckner – Leven en Werken, Uit. Thot, Bussum, NL, 2012. ISBN 978-90-6868-590-9
Anton Bruckner - Messe für den Gründonnerstag, WAB 9 - original setting; lost Kyrie and Gloria, and incomplete parts of the Credo composed by Michael Stenov
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