Chervonohrad

Chervonohrad
Червоноград
City of regional significance

Flag
Coat of arms
Chervonohrad
Location of Chervonohrad in Ukraine
Chervonohrad
Chervonohrad (Ukraine)
Coordinates: 50°23′12″N 24°13′44″E / 50.38667°N 24.22889°E / 50.38667; 24.22889Coordinates: 50°23′12″N 24°13′44″E / 50.38667°N 24.22889°E / 50.38667; 24.22889
Country  Ukraine
Oblast  Lviv Oblast
Municipality Chervonohrad
Founded 1692
Government
 • Mayor Serhiy Chudovskiy
Area
 • Total 37.6 km2 (14.5 sq mi)
Elevation 150 m (490 ft)
Population (2016)
 • Total 67,492
Time zone UTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+3 (EEST)
Sister cities Békéscsaba

Chervonohrad (Ukrainian: Червоноград, former Polish name: Krystynopol, Ukrainian: Кристинопіль, translit. 'Krystynopil', German: Krisnipolye) is a mining city located in the Lviv Oblast of western Ukraine. Chervonohrad is designated as a city of oblast significance. It lies about 62 km north of Lviv, 7 km from Sokal, 28 km northeast of the town of Voroniv, and has a population of 67,492 (2016 est.)[1].

The municipality of Chervonohrad also includes the town of Sosnivka and the urban type settlement of Hirnyk.

History

Potocki palace
Basilian Monastery in Chervonohrad

The city was part of the Polish Kingdom in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth since its foundation in 1692 until 1772, when it was incorporated into the Habsburg Empire. During the interwar period, it belonged the Second Polish Republic, and between 1945 and 1951 was part of the Polish People's Republic. It passed from Poland to the Ukrainian SSR after the territorial exchange in 1951 and had its name changed to Chervonohrad.

In May 1685, the Crown hetman and Kraków Voivode Feliks Kazimierz Potocki purchased land along the Bug River. In 1692, he founded a city on the lands of the village "Novyi Dvir" (literally "New Garden", Polish: Nowy Dwór) and named it "Krystynopol" after his wife Krystyna Lubomirska (the suffix "-pol" derives from Greek "polis"[2]). Potocki made the city his family center. He died here on September 22, 1702. His grandson Franciszek Salezy Potocki built a palace and in 1763 founded a monastery of Basilians (barocco church of Saint George; prior to 1946 - a place of miracles with wondrous icon of the Mother of God).

The Church of the Holy Spirit (built in the 1750s).

In the 19th century, the "Apostolus Christinopolitanus" and famous chronicle from 1763–1779 were kept in the city. The Catholic order of Myrrh-Bearing Sisters was founded by Fr. Yulian Datsii in 1910, with the purpose of gathering funds to build a home for orphans and the poor. The first members of the congregation vowed to build two buildings: one for the people and one for the congregation. In 1913 the first convent arose, where 15 sisters lived.

Among the landmarks of the city is Count Potocki's palace, constructed by the order of Feliks Kazimierz Potocki after 1692.

On August 1, 1990, Chervonohrad became the first city in the whole Soviet Union, where a monument to Communist leader Vladimir Lenin was removed.

Chervonohrad Jews

Presently there are 11-100 Jews residing in Chervonohrad. The earliest known Jewish community dates back to 1740. In 1931 the Jewish population was 2200. The Jewish cemetery dates from 18th century with the last known Hasidic burial in 1941. Chervonohrad Jews were deported to the Belzec extermination camp in September, 1942. The Jewish surname and rabbinical family Kristinopoler / Kristianpoller stem from the city's former name, Krystynopol. Jewish immigrants to America from this city founded the Krystenopoler Synagogue and First Krystenopoler Sick Benevolent Association Brith Isaac in New York. The Jewish cemetery is located in the town center, at Shevs'ka Street.

Economics

The interior of St. Volodymyr Church (built in the 1770s).

Since 1951 the city became the center of newly emerged coal mining basin. Other enterprises, besides the mining works, include:

  • Iron-Beton Foundry
  • Wood Processing Plant
  • Tailoring Factory
  • Stockings Factory
  • Mines
  • Dairy

Chervonohrad Coal Mines

Chervonohrad was started as a coal mining town. Currently, there are still many functional coal mines in the outskirts around the city:

  • 1) Шахта «Червоноградська»
  • 2) Шахта «Великомостівська»
  • 3) Шахта «Межирічанська»
  • 4) Шахта «Надія»
  • 5) Шахта «Степова»
  • 6) Шахта «Лісова»
  • 7) Шахта «Відродження»
  • 8) Шахта «Зарічна»
  • 9) Шахта «Візейська»

Education

Population

The population of Chervonohrad has increased significantly since 1939.

  • 1939 — 3,000
  • 1959 — 19,000
  • 1970 — 54,000
  • 1974 — 61,000
  • 1981 — 78,000
  • 1989 — 89,000
  • 2001 — 85,500
  • 2005 — 83,400
  • 2010 — 82,900[3][4]
  • 2013 — 83,600

Postal codes

80100-80110

References

  1. ↑ "Чисельність наявного населення України (Actual population of Ukraine)" (PDF) (in Ukrainian). State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Retrieved 19 July 2016.
  2. ↑ Karpluk, Maria (1993). Mowa naszych przodków: podstawowe wiadomości z historii języka polskiego do końca XVIII w (in Polish). TMJP. p. 46.
  3. ↑ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-05-06. Retrieved 2010-12-01.
  4. ↑ http://populstat.info/Europe/ukrainet.htm
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.