Charles Sebe

Lt. General Xhanti Charles Sebe^[1], was leader of the Ciskei Defence Force- the military of the Bantustan of Ciskei, and its Director of State Security. A former security branch policeman, he later joined the South African Bureau of State Security (B.O.S.S.) before founding the Ciskei state security apparatus.^[2]

Described as having created a police state in Ciskei,^[3][4] and being perceived as its de facto ruler^[5], he was the brother of Lennox Sebe. He was subsequently arrested by his brother's government, and sentenced to prison by the Ciskei government for incitement,^[6][7] but was rescued from jail by white mercenaries,^[8] and escaped to the nearby Bantustan of Transkei, where he began an organisation that aimed to overthrow his brother's government.^[9]

Charles Sebe was lured back to Ciskei in an operation orchestrated by South African security forces^[10][11] in 1991, during the rule of Oupa Gqozo, and, having been wounded in an ambush which killed an associate, was the subject of a manhunt, and he was subsequently was shot to death in cold blood^[12] by the Ciskei Security forces.^{[4][11][13][14]} Gqozo was tried in 1993 for the murder, by the Ciskei Supreme Court, and, together with his co-accused, Sergeant-Major Thozamile Veliti, Gqozo was acquitted.^[15]

The killing of Sebe was later investigated by South Africa's Truth and Reconciliation Commission.^[10]

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