Cattleya

Cattleya
	Cattleya labiata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Epidendroideae
Subtribe:	Laeliinae
Genus:	Cattleya; Lindl.
Type species
	Cattleya labiata; Lindl.
Synonyms[1]
	Sophronia Lindl.; Sophronitis Lindl.; Maelenia Dumort.; Lophoglotis Raf.; × Sophrocattleya Rolfe; Eunannos Porta & Brade; Hoffmannseggella H.G.Jones; Dungsia Chiron & V.P.Castro; × Hadrocattleya V.P.Castro & Chiron; × Hadrodungsia V.P.Castro & Chiron; Hadrolaelia (Schltr.) Chiron & V.P.Castro; × Microcattleya V.P.Castro & Chiron; Microlaelia (Schltr.) Chiron & V.P.Castro; Cattleyella Van den Berg & M.W.Chase; Schluckebieria Braem; × Brasicattleya Campacci; Brasilaelia Campacci; Chironiella Braem;

Cattleya (/ˈkætliə/)^[2] is a genus of orchids from Costa Rica south to Argentina.^[1] The genus is abbreviated C in trade journals.^[3]

Description

Epiphytic or terrestrial orchids with cylindrical rhizome from which the fleshy noodle-like roots grow. Pseudobulbs can be conical, spindle-shaped or cylindrical; with upright growth; one or two leaves growing from the top of them. The leaves can be oblong, lanceolate or elliptical, somewhat fleshy, with smooth margin. The inflorescence is a terminal raceme with few or several flowers. Flowers have sepals and petals free from each other; the lip or labellum (lowermost petal), usually has a different coloration and shape from the rest of the flower and covers in part the flower column forming a tube. There are four polliniums (bag-like organs that contain pollen). The fruit is a capsule with many small seeds.^[4]^[5]^[6]

Taxonomy

The genus was named in 1824 by John Lindley after horticulturalist William Cattley. Cattley obtained a specimen of then unnamed Cattleya labiata from William Swainson who had discovered the new plant in Pernambuco, Brazil, in 1817. The plant successfully bloomed under the care of Cattley and it became the type specimen from which Lindley described C. labiata.^[7]

Currently accepted species and subgeneric division within genus Cattleya are:^[8]^[9]^[10]^[11]^[12]^[13]

Subgenus Cattleya

Section Cattleya

C. aurea (S. Panama to Colombia)
C. dowiana (Costa Rica).
C. gaskelliana (Colombia to Trinidad).
C. iricolor (Ecuador to Peru).
C. jenmanii (Venezuela to Guyana).
C. labiata (Brazil)
C. luteola (N. Brazil, Ecuador to Bolivia).
C. mendelii (NE. Colombia).
C. mooreana (Peru).
C. mossiae (N. Venezuela)
C. percivaliana (Colombia to W. Venezuela).
C. quadricolor (Colombia)
C. rex (Peru to N Bolivia).
C. schroederae (NE. Colombia).
C. trianae (Colombia).
C. warneri (E. Brazil).
C. warscewiczii (Colombia).

Series Cattleyodes

C. crispa (SE. Brazil)
C. grandis (Brazil - SE. Bahia to N. Espírito Santo).
C. lobata (SE. Brazil.)
C. perrinii (SE. Brazil)
C. purpurata (SE. & S. Brazil)
C. tenebrosa (Brazil - SE. Bahia to Espírito Santo).
C. virens (SE. Brazil)
C. xanthina (Brazil - Bahia to Espírito Santo).

Series Hadrolaelia

C. alaorii (Brazil - Bahia).
C. bicalhoi (Brazil - S. Minas Gerais to Rio de Janeiro).
C. jongheana (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. praestans (SE. Brazil)
C. pumila (SE. & S. Brazil)
C. sincorana (Brazil - Bahia).

Series Microlaelia

C. lundii (Bolivia to Argentina).

Cattleya purpurata

Series Parviflorae

C. alvarenguensis
C. alvaroana (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
C. angereri (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. blumenscheinii (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. bradei (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. briegeri (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. campacii (Brazil).
C. caulescens (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. cinnabarina (Brazil - S. Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro).
C. colnagoi (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. conceicionensis Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. crispata (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. endsfeldzii (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. esalqueana (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. flavasulina (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. fournieri (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. ghillanyi (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. gloedeniana (Brazil - São Paulo)
C. gracilis (Brazil - Minas Gerais: Serra do Cipó)
C. guanhanensis
Cattleya violacea
C. harpophylla (Brazil - Minas Gerais to Espírito Santo).
C. hatae
C. hegeriana
C. hispidula (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. hoehnei (Brazil - Espírito Santo)
C. itambana (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. kautskyana (Brazil - Espírito Santo).
C. kettieana (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. kleberi
C. liliputana (Brazil - Minas Gerais: Serra do Ouro Branco).
C. locatellii
C. longipes (SE. Brazil - Serra do Cipó).
C. luetzelburgii (Brazil - Bahia).
C. macrobulbosa
C. marcaliana (Brazil - Bahia).
C. milleri (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. mirandae (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
Cattleya coccinea
C. munchowiana (Brazil - Espírito Santo).
C. neokautskyi (SE. Brazil)
C. pabstii (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. pendula (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
C. pfisteri (Brazil - Bahia).
C. presidentensis (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. reginae (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. rupestris
C. sanguiloba (Brazil – Bahia)
C. tereticaulis
C. vandenbergii
C. vasconcelosiana
C. verboonenii (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
C. viridiflora

Series Sophronitis

C. acuensis (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
C. alagoensis (Brazil - Alagoas)
C. brevipedunculata (Brazil - Minas Gerais).
C. cernua (Brazil to NE. Argentina).
C. coccinea (Brazil to NE. Argentina).
C. dichroma (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
C. mantiqueirae (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya lueddemanniana
C. pygmaea (Brazil - Espírito Santo).
C. wittigiana (Brazil - Espírito Santo).

Section Lawrenceanae

C. lawrenceana (Venezuela, Guyana, N. Brazil).
C. lueddemanniana (N. Venezuela).
C. wallisii (N. Brazil)

Subgenus Cattleyella

C. araguaiensis (Brazil)

Subgenus Intermediae

C. aclandiae (Brazil)
C. amethystoglossa (Brazil)
C. bicolor (SE. Brazil)
C. dormaniana (Brazil)
C. elongata (Brazil)
C. forbesii (Brazil)
C. granulosa (Brazil)
C. guttata (Brazil).
C. harrisoniana (SE. Brazil).
C. intermedia (SE. & S. Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay).
Cattleya intermedia
C. kerrii (Brazil).
C. loddigesii (SE. Brazil to NE. Argentina).
C. nobilior (WC. Brazil to Bolivia).
C. porphyroglossa (Brazil).
C. schilleriana (Brazil).
C. schofieldiana (Brazil)
C. tenuis (NE. Brazil).
C. tigrina (SE. & S. Brazil).
C. velutina (Brazil)
C. violacea (lowland Amazon rainforest & Guyana).
C. walkeriana (WC. & SE. Brazil).

Subgenus Maximae

C. maxima (Venezuela to Peru).

Natural hybrids

Currently accepted natural hybrids are:^[13]

Cattleya × adrienne (= Cattleya pumila × Cattleya jongheana) (Brazil)
Cattleya × albanensis
Cattleya × amanda
Cattleya × binotii (= ) (Brazil)
Cattleya × brasiliensis (= C. bicolor × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil)
Cattleya × braunae
Cattleya × britoi (= C. crispata x C. mirandae) (Brazil - Minas Gerais)
Cattleya × brymeriana (= C. violacea × C. wallisii) (N. Brazil).
Cattleya × calimaniana (Brazil)
Cattleya × calimaniorum (NE Brazil)
Cattleya × carassana (Brazil)
Cattleya × cattleyioides (Brazil)
Cattleya × cipoensis (Brazil)
Cattleya × colnagiana (Brazil).
Cattleya × cristinae (Brazil).
Cattleya × cypheri
Cattleya × dasilvae
Cattleya × dayana (= C. forbesii × C. guttata) (Brazil).
Cattleya × deckeri
Cattleya × delicata
Cattleya × diamantinensis (= C. pfisteri × C. sincorana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × dolosa (= C. loddigesii × C. walkeriana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × dukeana (= C. bicolor × C. guttata) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × duveenii ( = C. guttata × C. harrisoniana) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × elegans
Cattleya × ericoi
Cattleya × feldmanniana
Cattleya × fidelensis (Brazil - Rio de Janeiro).
Cattleya × frankeana
Cattleya × gaezeriana
Cattleya × gerhard-santosii
Cattleya × gottoana
Cattleya × gransabanensis (= C. jenmanii × C. lawrenceana) (Venezuela).
Cattleya × gravesiana (= C. lueddemanniana × C. mossiae) (Venezuela).
Cattleya × hardyana ( = C. dowiana var.aurea × C. warscewiczii) (Colombia).
Cattleya × heitoriana
Cattleya × hummeliana
Cattleya × hybrida (= C. guttata × C. loddigesii) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × imperator ( = C. granulata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
Cattleya × intricata (=. C. intermedia × C. leopoldii) (S. Brazil).
Cattleya × irrorata
Cattleya × isaacii
Cattleya × isabella (.= C. forbesii × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × itabapoanaensis
Cattleya × jetibaensis
Cattleya × joaquiniana ( = C. bicolor × C. walkeriana) (Brazil) .
Cattleya × kautskyi (= C. harrisoniana × C. warneri) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × kerchoveana
Cattleya × labendziana
Cattleya × lambari
Cattleya × lilacina
Cattleya × lucieniana ( = C. forbesii × C. granulosa) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × macguiganii
Cattleya × measuresii ( = C. aclandiae × C. walkeriana) (E. Brazil).
Cattleya × mesquitae ( = C. nobilior × C. walkeriana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × mingaensis
Cattleya × mixta ( = C. guttata × C. schofieldiana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × moduloi (C. schofieldiana × C. warneri) (Brazil).
Cattleya × mucugensis
Cattleya × neocalimaniana
Cattleya × neocalimaniorum
Cattleya × neoreginae
Cattleya × nesyana
Cattleya × occhioniana
Cattleya × odiloniana
Cattleya × patrocinii (= C. guttata × C. warneriana) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × picturata ( = C. guttata × C. intermedia) (SE. Brazil).
Cattleya × pittiana
Cattleya × porphyritis
Cattleya × porphyrophlebia
Cattleya × raganii
Cattleya × resplendens ( = C. granulosa × C. schilleriana) (NE. Brazil)
Cattleya × rigbyana
Cattleya × ruschii
Cattleya × sancheziana
Cattleya × schroederiana
Cattleya × schunkiana
Cattleya × schunkii
Cattleya × scita (= C. intermedia × C. tigrina) (S. Brazil).
Cattleya × sgarbii
Cattleya × sororia
Cattleya × tenuata (= C. elongata × C. tenuis) (Brazil) .
Cattleya × varelae
Cattleya × venosa (= C. forbesii × C. harrisoniana) (Brazil).
Cattleya × verelii
Cattleya × victoria-regina ( C. guttata × C. labiata) (NE. Brazil).
Cattleya × victoriacarolinae
Cattleya × wetmorei
Cattleya × whitei
Cattleya × wilsoniana ( = C. bicolor × C. intermedia). (Brazil).
Cattleya × wyattiana ( = C. crispa × C. lobata). (Brazil).
Cattleya × zaslawskii ( = C. harpophylla × C. praestans). (Brazil).
Cattleya × zayrae ( = C. amethystoglossa × C. elongata). (Bahia, Brazil)

Cultivation

Cattleya mossiae fo. coerulea

Light

Cattleyas need light, but not direct sunlight; in case of intense sunlight, shade must be provided.^[14]

Temperature

Day temperatures must be between 25-30 °C (77-86 °F) and night temperatures not lower than 10-12 °C (50-53.6 °F).^[14]

Humidity

Must be between 40-70% with good ventilation; however plants must not be exposed to air currents.^[15]

Watering

Water only if substrate is dry. It can be done once a week, but it all depends on the environmental conditions and the season.^[15]

Fertilizing

Cattleyas can survive without fertilizing. However, it is advisable to use nitrogen-based fertilizers without urea; fertilizers must be applied during the growth season.^[15] To avoid salt accumulation in the substrate, water thoroughly between fertilizer applications.^[15]

In popular culture

The phrase "to do a cattleya" is used as a playful euphemism for amorous fondling by the characters Odette and Swann in Marcel Proust's novel Remembrance of Things Past.^[16]^[17]
The main character in the 2011 action film Colombiana played by Zoe Saldana is named Cataleya. The film prominently features the Colombian flower as Cataleya's calling card and it is a major part of some versions of the movie poster.^[18]

References

1 2 "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
↑ Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607
↑ "Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society.
↑ Buzatto, Cristiano Roberto; Ferreira, Priscila Porto Alegre; Welker, Cassiano Aimberê Dorneles; Seger, Guilherme Dubal dos Santos; Hertzog, Anelise; Singer, Rodrigo B. (2010). "O gênero Cattleya Lindl. (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil". Revista Brasileira de Biociências (in Portuguese). 8 (4). ISSN 1980-4849.
↑ Withner, C. (1988). The Cattleyas and Their Relatives. Volume 1: The Cattleyas. Timber Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 9780881920994.
↑ Schweinfurth, C., "Orchidaceae, Orchids of Peru", Fieldiana, Botany 30(3): 535
↑ "Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids: The Showy Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids, BEGINNERS' HANDBOOK - XV". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-06-29.
↑ Van den Berg, Cássio (2014). "Reaching a compromise between conflicting nuclear and plastid phylogenetic trees: a new classification for the genus Cattleya (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae)". Phytotaxa. 186 (2). doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.186.2.2. ISSN 1179-3163.
↑ "Laelia gracilis - IOSPE PHOTOS". www.orchidspecies.com. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
↑ "Cattleya hispidula - IOSPE PHOTOS". www.orchidspecies.com. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
↑ "Cattleya gracilis (Pabst) Van den Berg — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2017-06-28.
↑ van den Berg, Cássio (2016). "Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-VI. Further combinations in Cattleya (Orchidaceae)". Neodiversity. 9 (1): 4–5. doi:10.13102/neod.91.2.
1 2 "Cattleya - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-07-01.
1 2 Schoser, Gustav (1993). Orchid Growing Basics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 64. ISBN 9780806903620.
1 2 3 4 "Cattleyas for the Beginner - Part 1". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-07-03.
↑ Beautiful Plants – Proust's Cattleya Orchid
↑ Chadwick, A. A. & Chadwick, Arthur E. (2006). The Classic Cattleyas. Portland OR: Timber Press. pp. 25–41. ISBN 978-0-88192-764-1.
↑ IMDbTitle:1657507

External links

Media related to Cattleya at Wikimedia Commons
Data related to Cattleya at Wikispecies
"WCSP". World Checklist of Selected Plant families. (enter "Cattleya" in search box).
More info About Orchids Orchids of Costa Rica
Breeding Cattleya Breeding in Cattleyas
Painting of a Cattleya by Martin Johnson Heade, 1871 - National Gallery of Art, Washington
Orchid Picture Gallery
American Orchid Society - Orchid Web
Cattleya Orchid Forum
van den Berg, C. and M.W. Chase. 2000. Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae - I. Lindleyana 15(2): 115-119.
Cattleya ochids flowers pictures Photos of Thailand native cattleya orchids
Orchidroots.org Cattleya Species

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[kew-1] 1 2 "Kew World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Royal botanic Gardens Kew. Retrieved 21 February 2017.

[2] Sunset Western Garden Book, 1995:606–607

[3] "Alphabetical list of standard abbreviations of all generic names occurring in current use in orchid hybrid registration as at 31st December 2007" (PDF). Royal Horticultural Society.

[4] Buzatto, Cristiano Roberto; Ferreira, Priscila Porto Alegre; Welker, Cassiano Aimberê Dorneles; Seger, Guilherme Dubal dos Santos; Hertzog, Anelise; Singer, Rodrigo B. (2010). "O gênero Cattleya Lindl. (Orchidaceae: Laeliinae) no Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil". Revista Brasileira de Biociências (in Portuguese). 8 (4). ISSN 1980-4849.

[:8-5] Withner, C. (1988). The Cattleyas and Their Relatives. Volume 1: The Cattleyas. Timber Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 9780881920994.

[:1-6] Schweinfurth, C., "Orchidaceae, Orchids of Peru", Fieldiana, Botany 30(3): 535

[7] "Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids: The Showy Cattleya, Queen of the Orchids, BEGINNERS' HANDBOOK - XV". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-06-29.

[8] Van den Berg, Cássio (2014). "Reaching a compromise between conflicting nuclear and plastid phylogenetic trees: a new classification for the genus Cattleya (Epidendreae; Epidendroideae; Orchidaceae)". Phytotaxa. 186 (2). doi:10.11646/phytotaxa.186.2.2. ISSN 1179-3163.

[9] "Laelia gracilis - IOSPE PHOTOS". www.orchidspecies.com. Retrieved 2017-06-28.

[10] "Cattleya hispidula - IOSPE PHOTOS". www.orchidspecies.com. Retrieved 2017-06-28.

[11] "Cattleya gracilis (Pabst) Van den Berg — The Plant List". www.theplantlist.org. Retrieved 2017-06-28.

[12] van den Berg, Cássio (2016). "Nomenclatural notes on Laeliinae-VI. Further combinations in Cattleya (Orchidaceae)". Neodiversity. 9 (1): 4–5. doi:10.13102/neod.91.2.

[:0-13] 1 2 "Cattleya - World Checklist of Selected Plant Families: Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew". apps.kew.org. Retrieved 2017-07-01.

[:2-14] 1 2 Schoser, Gustav (1993). Orchid Growing Basics. Sterling Publishing Company, Inc. p. 64. ISBN 9780806903620.

[:3-15] 1 2 3 4 "Cattleyas for the Beginner - Part 1". www.aos.org. Retrieved 2017-07-03.

[16] Beautiful Plants – Proust's Cattleya Orchid

[17] Chadwick, A. A. & Chadwick, Arthur E. (2006). The Classic Cattleyas. Portland OR: Timber Press. pp. 25–41. ISBN 978-0-88192-764-1.

[18] IMDbTitle:1657507

Cattleya

Cattleya labiata
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Plantae
Clade:	Angiosperms
Clade:	Monocots
Order:	Asparagales
Family:	Orchidaceae
Subfamily:	Epidendroideae
Subtribe:	Laeliinae
Genus:	*Cattleya* Lindl.
Type species
Cattleya labiata Lindl.
Synonyms^[1]
Sophronia Lindl. Sophronitis Lindl. Maelenia Dumort. Lophoglotis Raf. × Sophrocattleya Rolfe Eunannos Porta & Brade Hoffmannseggella H.G.Jones Dungsia Chiron & V.P.Castro × Hadrocattleya V.P.Castro & Chiron × Hadrodungsia V.P.Castro & Chiron Hadrolaelia (Schltr.) Chiron & V.P.Castro × Microcattleya V.P.Castro & Chiron Microlaelia (Schltr.) Chiron & V.P.Castro Cattleyella Van den Berg & M.W.Chase Schluckebieria Braem × Brasicattleya Campacci Brasilaelia Campacci Chironiella Braem