Caroline B. Nichols

Caroline B. Nichols (1864-1939) was an American violinist, conductor and founder of the Fadette Ladies Orchestra (known as the Fadettes of Boston). She founded the Fadettes of Boston in 1888, a group that played and toured until 1920[1] and played more than 6000 concerts.[2] She was one of the first American women who was able to support herself as a conductor.[3][4] As a child, she studied violin with Julius Eichberg, Leopold Lichtenberg, and Charles Loeffler. Nichols eventually retired to Boston and trained orchestra members and was instrumental in helping women to be financial independent. She died in Boston in 1939.[5]

References

  1. ↑ Howe, Sondra Wieland (2013-11-07). Women Music Educators in the United States: A History. Scarecrow Press. ISBN 9780810888487.
  2. ↑ Ammer, Christine (2016-07-26). Unsung: A History of Women in American Music. BookBaby. ISBN 9781483577005.
  3. ↑ "Nichols [Daniell], Caroline B. | Grove Music". doi:10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-1002085442. Retrieved 2018-10-08.
  4. ↑ Bowen, José Antonio (2003-11-20). The Cambridge Companion to Conducting. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9781107494787.
  5. ↑ Ammer, Christine (2016-07-26). Unsung: A History of Women in American Music. BookBaby. ISBN 9781483577005.
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