Carcross

Carcross
Caribou Crossing
Carcross, Yukon
Carcross
Coordinates: 60°10′03″N 134°42′26″W / 60.16750°N 134.70722°W / 60.16750; -134.70722Coordinates: 60°10′03″N 134°42′26″W / 60.16750°N 134.70722°W / 60.16750; -134.70722
Country Canada
Territory Yukon
Area[1]
 • Land 16.14 km2 (6.23 sq mi)
Elevation[2] 659 m (2,161 ft)
Population (2016)[1]
 • Total 301
 • Density 18.7/km2 (48/sq mi)
 • Change 2011-16 Increase4.2%
Time zone UTC-8 (Pacific (PST))
 • Summer (DST) UTC-7 (PDT)

Carcross, originally known as Caribou Crossing, is an unincorporated community in Yukon, Canada, on Bennett Lake and Nares Lake. It is home to the Carcross/Tagish First Nation. At the 2016 census it had a population of 301.[1]

It is 74 km (46 mi) south-southeast by the Alaska Highway and the Klondike Highway from Whitehorse. The south end of the Tagish Road is in Carcross. Carcross is also on the White Pass and Yukon Route railway.

Carcross is mainly known for its world class mountain biking on the near-by Montana Mountain, and for the nearby Carcross Desert, often referred to as the "world's smallest desert."[3]

History

Caribou Crossing was a fishing and hunting camp for Inland Tlingit and Tagish people. 4,500-year-old artifacts from First Nations people living in the area have been found in the region.

Caribou Crossing was named after the migration of huge numbers of caribou across the natural land bridge between Lake Bennett and Nares Lake. That caribou herd was decimated during the Klondike Gold Rush, but a recovery program raised the number of animals to about 450. The modern village began in 1896, during the Klondike Gold Rush. At the time, Caribou Crossing was a popular stopping place for prospectors going to and from the gold fields of Dawson City.

Caribou Crossing was also a station for the Royal Mail and the Dominion Telegraph Line, and it served as a communications point on the Yukon River.

In 1904, Caribou Crossing was renamed Carcross as a result of some mail mix-ups with the Cariboo Regional District in nearby British Columbia.

Silver mining was promoted nearby in Conrad, Yukon in the early 1900s, but there was little to be found and mining efforts soon ended. Mineral exploration continues today, but tourism is far more important to the economy of the community. The book Fractured Veins & Broken Dreams by Murray Lundberg details a nearly complete history of Conrad.

In 2016 the Prince William, Duke of Cambridge and Catherine, Duchess of Cambridge visited Carcross for a day trip.

Community population over time

Climate

Climate data for Carcross
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °C (°F) 8.9
(48)		 18.9
(66)		 13.5
(56.3)		 21.0
(69.8)		 28.0
(82.4)		 31.7
(89.1)		 32.5
(90.5)		 31.7
(89.1)		 26.7
(80.1)		 20.0
(68)		 13.3
(55.9)		 14.0
(57.2)		 32.5
(90.5)
Average high °C (°F) −13.2
(8.2)		 −7.8
(18)		 −0.6
(30.9)		 7.3
(45.1)		 — — 21.7
(71.1)		 20.6
(69.1)		 13.5
(56.3)		 5.6
(42.1)		 −3.7
(25.3)		 −7.3
(18.9)		 3.6
(38.5)
Daily mean °C (°F) −18.2
(−0.8)		 −13.9
(7)		 −7.8
(18)		 −0.7
(30.7)		 — — 14.2
(57.6)		 13.0
(55.4)		 7.9
(46.2)		 1.1
(34)		 −7.7
(18.1)		 −11.6
(11.1)		 −2.4
(27.7)
Average low °C (°F) −22.7
(−8.9)		 −20.0
(−4)		 −14.8
(5.4)		 −8.4
(16.9)		 — — 6.7
(44.1)		 5.1
(41.2)		 2.3
(36.1)		 −3.4
(25.9)		 −11.4
(11.5)		 −15.7
(3.7)		 −8.2
(17.2)
Record low °C (°F) −51.2
(−60.2)		 −48.3
(−54.9)		 −42.2
(−44)		 −32.8
(−27)		 −12.5
(9.5)		 −6.7
(19.9)		 −3.3
(26.1)		 −11.7
(10.9)		 −18.0
(−0.4)		 −30.0
(−22)		 −40.0
(−40)		 −55.0
(−67)		 −55.0
(−67)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 28.6
(1.126)		 23.4
(0.921)		 9.6
(0.378)		 5.5
(0.217)		 14.9
(0.587)		 28.5
(1.122)		 29.9
(1.177)		 28.1
(1.106)		 32.9
(1.295)		 27.0
(1.063)		 28.9
(1.138)		 22.5
(0.886)		 279.8
(11.016)
Average rainfall mm (inches) 0.5
(0.02)		 0.0
(0)		 0.2
(0.008)		 1.5
(0.059)		 14.8
(0.583)		 28.5
(1.122)		 29.9
(1.177)		 28.0
(1.102)		 30.1
(1.185)		 17.1
(0.673)		 1.4
(0.055)		 0.2
(0.008)		 152.2
(5.992)
Average snowfall cm (inches) 28.1
(11.06)		 23.4
(9.21)		 9.4
(3.7)		 4.0
(1.57)		 0.1
(0.04)		 0.0
(0)		 0.0
(0)		 0.1
(0.04)		 2.8
(1.1)		 9.9
(3.9)		 27.4
(10.79)		 22.4
(8.82)		 127.6
(50.24)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.2 mm) 7.5 6.0 3.5 2.1 4.7 6.4 8.1 7.4 9.0 7.9 7.3 6.5 76.3
Average rainy days (≥ 0.2 mm) 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.6 4.8 6.4 8.1 7.4 8.5 5.0 0.4 0.1 41.7
Average snowy days (≥ 0.2 cm) 7.3 6.0 3.4 1.5 0.1 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.7 3.5 7.1 6.5 35.9
Source: 1981-2010 Environment Canada[10]

Economy

Caribou crossing bridge in Carcross.

Carcross relies on tourism to support the local economy. It lies on the Klondike Highway between Whitehorse and Skagway, Alaska and offers a variety of historic attractions and outdoor activities. Popular with road traffic including tour buses and RVs, in 2007 the White Pass railway also resumed service to Carcross railway station.

Just north of the town is the Carcross Desert, often referred to as the "world's smallest desert."[3] There are two small airports located in the area, Carcross Airport is adjacent to the town and Carcross Water Aerodrome located on Tagish Lake.

Alaska cruises stopping in Skagway will offer day tours to Carcross. The day tours offer stops at the Yukon sign, the Caribou Crossing Wildlife Museum, Dog Sledding Zoo and the actual town of Carcross.[11]

Transportation

Carcross lies on the popular Klondike Highway.

"Downtown" Carcross

The city is served by Carcross Airport, which has no scheduled commercial flights. The closest Canadian airport with large airline service is Whitehorse Airport, which has domestic airline service as well as flights to Europe and the United States.

Notable people

Media

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 "Statistics Canada. Census Profile, 2016 Census". Retrieved 24 August 2017.
  2. ↑ Elevation at Carcross Airport as per Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 19 July 2018 to 0901Z 13 September 2018.
  3. 1 2 MacEacheran, Mike (22 June 2018). "The unlikely home of the world's smallest desert". BBC Travel. BBC. Retrieved 24 June 2018.
  4. 1 2 "Statistics Canada. 2001 Population and dwelling counts. Carcross, Settlement Yukon (Settlement)". Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  5. ↑ "Statistics Canada. 2006 Population and dwelling counts. Carcross, Settlement Yukon (Settlement)". Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  6. 1 2 "Statistics Canada. 2011 Population and dwelling counts. Carcross, Settlement Yukon (Census subdivision)". Retrieved 23 October 2012.
  7. ↑ The drop in population is due to a change in the boundary. See Population and dwelling counts. Carcross, Note A
  8. ↑ Community Populations by Age Groups, June 2008
  9. ↑ Community Populations by Age Groups, March 2012
  10. ↑ "Carcross" (CSV (2874 KB)). Canadian Climate Normals 1981–2010. Environment Canada. Climate ID: 2100200. Retrieved 2014-02-20.
  11. ↑ http://www.cariboucrossing.ca/
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