Caesalpinia

Caesalpinia
Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Caesalpinioideae[1]
Tribe: Caesalpinieae[2]
Genus: Caesalpinia
(L. 1753) E. Gagnon & G. P. Lewis 2016
Type species
Caesalpinia brasiliensis
L.[3]
Species

See text.

Synonyms[4]
  • Brasilettia (DC.) Kuntze 1891
  • Poinciana L.
  • Ticanto Adans. (see text)

Caesalpinia is a genus of flowering plants in the legume family, Fabaceae. Historically, membership within the genus has been highly variable, with different publications including anywhere from 70 to 165 species, depending largely on the inclusion or exclusion of species alternately listed under genera such as Hoffmannseggia. It contains tropical or subtropical woody plants. The generic name honours the botanist, physician, and philosopher Andrea Cesalpino (1519–1603).[5]

The name Caesalpinaceae at family level, or Caesalpinioideae at the level of subfamily, is based on this generic name.

Species

Caesalpinia was once much larger, but most of the species assigned to it have been segregated into separate genera. It currently comprises the following species:[2]

  • Caesalpinia anacantha Urb.
  • Caesalpinia bahamensis Lam.
  • Caesalpinia barahonensis Urb.
  • Caesalpinia brasiliensis L.
  • Caesalpinia cassioides Willd. 1809
  • Caesalpinia monensis Britton—Black nicker
  • Caesalpinia nipensis Urb.
  • Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L. 1753) Sw. 1791—Pride of Barbados, Yellow Peacock
  • Caesalpinia secundiflora Urb.

Guilandina

The following species are currently assigned to Caesalpinia but will eventually be transferred to the genus Guilandina once the necessary taxonomic revisions have been published.[2]

  • Caesalpinia delphinensis Du Puy & Rabev.
  • Caesalpinia homblei R. Wilczek
  • Caesalpinia minax Hance
  • Caesalpinia murifructa Gillis & Proctor
  • Caesalpinia solomonensis Hattink
  • Caesalpinia volkensii Harms

Ticanto

The following species are currently assigned to Caesalpinia but may form an independent genus, in which case the name Ticanto Adans. 1763 would be reinstated to accommodate these species:[2]

  • Caesalpinia caesia Handel-Mazzetti
  • Caesalpinia chinensis Roxb.
  • Caesalpinia crista L. emend. Dandy & Exell—Gray nicker
  • Caesalpinia elliptifolia S. J. Li, Z. Y. Chen & D. X. Zhang
  • Caesalpinia hypoglauca Chun & How
  • Caesalpinia kwangtungensis Merr.
  • Caesalpinia laevigata Perr.
  • Caesalpinia magnifoliolata Metcalf
  • Caesalpinia nuga (L.) Ait.
  • Caesalpinia paniculata (Lam.) Roxb.
  • Caesalpinia rhombifolia J. E. Vidal
  • Caesalpinia scandens Heyne ex Roth
  • Caesalpinia szechuanensis Craib
  • Caesalpinia vernalis Champion
  • Caesalpinia yunnanensis S. J. Li, D. X. Zhang & Z. Y. Chen

Uses

Some species are grown for their ornamental flowers.

References

  1. ↑ The Legume Phylogeny Working Group (LPWG). (2017). "A new subfamily classification of the Leguminosae based on a taxonomically comprehensive phylogeny". Taxon. 66 (1): 44–77. doi:10.12705/661.3.
  2. 1 2 3 4 Gagnon E, Bruneau A, Hughes CE, de Queiroz LP, Lewis GP (2016). "A new generic system for the pantropical Caesalpinia group (Leguminosae)". PhytoKeys. 71: 1–160. doi:10.3897/phytokeys.71.9203.
  3. ↑ "Caesalpinia L." TROPICOS. Missouri Botanical Garden. Retrieved 2009-10-19.
  4. ↑ "Genus: Caesalpinia L." Germplasm Resources Information Network. United States Department of Agriculture. 2007-04-03. Archived from the original on 2009-05-06. Retrieved 2010-12-03.
  5. ↑ Gledhill, David (2008). The Names of Plants (4th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 83. ISBN 978-0-521-86645-3.
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