Butyrophilin

Butyrophilin
Identifiers
Symbol Butyrophilin
Membranome 14
Butyrophilin, subfamily 1, member A1
Identifiers
Symbol BTN1A1
Entrez 696
HUGO 1135
RefSeq NP_001723
UniProt Q13410
Other data
Locus Chr. 6 p22.2
Butyrophilin, subfamily 2, member A2
Identifiers
Symbol BTN2A2
Entrez 10385
HUGO 1137
RefSeq NP_008926
UniProt Q8WVV5
Other data
Locus Chr. 6 p22.2
Butyrophilin, subfamily 3, member A1
Identifiers
Symbol BTN3A1
Entrez 11119
HUGO 1138
RefSeq NP_008979
UniProt O00481
Other data
Locus Chr. 6 p22.2

Butyrophilin is a family of proteins.[1][2]

Butyrophilin (Btn) genes constitute a subgroup of at least 10 genes in the Ig superfamily identified in human, mouse, cow, goat and other species.[3]

The eponymous Btn gene (BTN1A1 in humans; Btn1a1 in mouse) is highly expressed in the secretory epithelium of the mammary gland during lactation. Other homologues are predominantly expressed in skeletal muscle and the intestine and erythroid cells. In contrast, BTN2A1 and 2 and BTN3A1, 2, and 3 are widely expressed in many tissues, suggesting that the structural domains of Btn proteins may have both universal and tissue-specific functions.

Types include:

  • BTN1A1 - Regulates secretion of milk-lipid droplets
  • BTN2A2 - Involved in lipid, fatty-acid and sterol metabolism
  • BTN3A1

References

  1. ↑ Mather IH, Jack LJ (1993). "A review of the molecular and cellular biology of butyrophilin, the major protein of bovine milk fat globule membrane". Journal of Dairy Science. 76 (12): 3832–50. doi:10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(93)77726-7. PMID 8132890.
  2. ↑ Afrache H, Gouret P, Ainouche S, Pontarotti P, Olive D (2012). "The butyrophilin (BTN) gene family: from milk fat to the regulation of the immune response". Immunogenetics. 64 (11): 781–94. doi:10.1007/s00251-012-0619-z. PMID 23000944.
  3. ↑ Ogg SL, Weldon AK, Dobbie L, Smith AJ, Mather IH (2004). "Expression of butyrophilin (Btn1a1) in lactating mammary gland is essential for the regulated secretion of milk-lipid droplets". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 101 (27): 10084–9. doi:10.1073/pnas.0402930101. PMC 454168. PMID 15226505.
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