Butea

Butea
Butea monosperma
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
(unranked): Angiosperms
(unranked): Eudicots
(unranked): Rosids
Order: Fabales
Family: Fabaceae
Subfamily: Faboideae
Tribe: Phaseoleae
Genus: Butea
Type species
Butea monosperma
Species

See text

Synonyms
  • Plaso Adans.
Butea monosperma fruits.

Butea is a genus of flowering plants belonging to the pea family, Fabaceae. It is sometimes considered to have only two species, B. monosperma and B. superba,[1] or is expanded to include four or five species.[2]

Butea monosperma is used for timber, resin, fodder, medicine, and dye.

Butea is also a host to the Lac insect, which produces natural lacquer.[3]

Taxonomy

Butea is named after John Stuart, 3rd Earl of Bute (1713-1792), member of parliament, prime minister for one year, and a patron of botany.[4] William Roxburgh erected the genus Butea in 1795, but it became a nomen invalidum. Carl Willdenow validated the name Butea in 1802.

Uses

Butea frondosa, called kiṃśukha in Sanskrit, is used in Ayurvedic medicine to treat various symptoms.[5]

Species

Forty-two names have been published in Butea,[6] but forty of these are either synonyms or names of species that have been transferred to other genera.[3]

  • B. braamiana
  • B. buteiformis (Megalotropis buteiformis, Meizotropis buteiformis)
  • B. monosperma (syn. Butea frondosa, Erythrina monosperma): flame-of-the-forest, bastard teak, pâlāsh
  • B. superba (Plaso superba, Rudolphia superba)

References

  1. ↑ Gwilym Lewis, Brian Schrire, Barbara MacKinder, and Mike Lock. 2005. Legumes of the World. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: Richmond, England.
  2. ↑ Dezhao Chen; Dianxiang Zhang & Mats Thulin. "Butea". Flora of China Online. Retrieved 11 October 2014.
  3. 1 2 Munivenkatappa Sanjappa. 1987. "Revision of the genera Butea Roxb. ex Willd. and Meizotropis Voigt (Fabaceae)". Bulletin of the Botanical Survey of India 29:199-225.
  4. ↑ Umberto Quattrocchi. 2000. CRC World Dictionary of Plant Names volume I. CRC Press: Boca Raton; New York; Washington,DC;, USA. London, UK. ISBN 978-0-8493-2675-2.
  5. ↑ Soman, I.; Mengi, S. A.; Kasture, S. B. (September 2004). "Effect of leaves of Butea frondosa on stress, anxiety, and cognition in rats". Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior. 79 (1): 11–16. doi:10.1016/j.pbb.2004.05.022. ISSN 0091-3057. PMID 15388278.
  6. ↑ Butea in International Plant Names Index. (see External links below).


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