Bozorgmehr

Bozorgmehr
Sculpture of Bozorgmehr in Bozorgmehr Square, Isfahan, Iran
Native name Wuzurgmihr ī Bōkhtagān
Born Sasanian Empire
Died Sasanian Empire
Cause of death Execution
Other names Burzuya, Burzmihr, Dadmihr, Dadburzmihr
Occupation vizier, Grand vizier, spahbed
Parent(s)

Bozorgmehr-e Bokhtagan (Middle Persian: Wuzurgmihr ī Bōkhtagān), also known as Burzmihr, Dadmihr and Dadburzmihr,[1] was an Iranian nobleman from the Karen family,[2] who served as minister of the Sasanian emperor Kavadh I (498-531), and later as Grand Vizier under his son Khosrow I (reign 531–579), and then as spahbed under Hormizd IV. According to Persian and Arabic sources, he was a man of "exceptional wisdom and sage counsels" and later became a characterisation of the expression. His name appears in several important works in Persian literature, most notably in the Shahnameh.[3] The historian Arthur Christensen has suggested that Bozorgmehr was the same person as Borzuya, but historigraphical studies of post-Sasanian Persian literature, as well as linguistic analysis show otherwise.[3] However, the word "Borzuya" can sometimes be considered a shortened form of Bozorgmehr.[4]

Biography

Bozorgmehr is first mentioned in 498, as one of the nine sons of the powerful nobleman Sukhra.[2] After Kavadh I had reclaimed the Sasanian throne from his younger brother Djamasp, he appointed Bozorgmehr as his minister. After the death of Kavadh, his son, Khosrow I, appointed Bozorgmehr as his Grand Vizier. During the reign of Khosrow's son Hormizd IV (r. 579–590), Bozorgmehr was appointed as spahbed of Khorasan.[2] According to Ferdinand Justi, Bozorgmehr was later executed by the order of Hormizd IV.[3]

Grand Vizier Bozorgmehr challenges the Indian envoy to a game of chess.

An early reference to Bozorgmehr is found in the Aydāgār ī Wuzurgmihr, in which he is called an argbed—a high-ranking title in the Sasanian and Parthian periods. Among other sources, later mention of him is made in the Shahnameh and in Al-Tha'alibi’s Ghurar and Al-Masudi’s Murūj al-Dhahab.[3]

Works

Several Middle Persian treatises were written by Bozorgmehr. Most famous is the Wizārišn ī čatrang ("Treatise on Chess"), also known as the Chatrang Nama ("Book of Chess"). As well as; Ayādgār ī Wuzurgmihr ī Bōxtagān, Ketāb al-Zabarj (the original version a commentary on Vettius Valens’s Astrologica), Ketāb Mehrāzād Jošnas ("Book of Mehrāḏar Jošnas") and the Ẓafar-nāma ("Book of Victory", a book written in Middle Persian, that was translated into New Persian by Avicenna.[3]

References

  1. ↑ Pourshariati (2008), p. 115
  2. 1 2 3 Pourshariati (2008), p. 114
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 Khaleghi Motlagh, Djalal (1990). "BOZORGMEHR-E BOḴTAGĀN". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Vol. 4.
  4. ↑ BORZUYA, Encyclopedia Iranica

Sources

  • Pourshariati, Parvaneh (2008). Decline and Fall of the Sasanian Empire: The Sasanian-Parthian Confederacy and the Arab Conquest of Iran. London, United Kingdom: I.B. Tauris. ISBN 978-1-84511-645-3.


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