Battle of Rhamnus

The Battle of Rhamnus was a battle of the Lamian War (323-322 BC) fought between the Athenians and the Macedonian Empire, and Leonnatus, the Macedonian satrap of Phrygia who had come to aid the regent Antipater who was being besieged by the Athenians in Lamia. Macedonians were defeated.

The Athenians, hearing news of Leonnatus's advance, lifted the siege of Lamia and detached their baggage train and camp followers to Melitia and advanced with their army hurried to defeat Leonnatus before Antipater's forces could join him.^[2] The two armies were equal in number but the Athenians' 3,500 horsemen, including an elite 2,000 Thessalians commanded by Menon, against the Macedonians' 1,500 horse gave the advantage of mobility to the southern Greeks.

The battle began and though the Macedonian phalanx gained the advantage everywhere,^[2] the Thessalians drove off the Macedonian cavalry and Leonnatus was carried from the battlefield already mortally wounded.^[2] After their cavalry was drove back the unsupported Macedonian Phalanx retreated from the plain to a difficult terrain where the enemy cavalry couldn't pursue them.^[2]

The next day Antipater arrived at the field and joined with the defeated army. He decided not to fight the southern Greeks yet, in view of their superior cavalry, and instead retreated through the rough terrain.^[2]

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