Ballard, Seattle

Ballard
Seattle Neighborhood
Aerial view of Ballard and Lake Washington Ship Canal from the south

Map of Ballard's location in Seattle

Ballard is a neighborhood located in the northwestern part of Seattle, Washington. To the north it is bounded by Crown Hill, (N.W. 85th Street); to the east by Greenwood, Phinney Ridge and Fremont (along 8th Avenue N.W.); to the south by the Lake Washington Ship Canal; and to the west by Puget Sound's Shilshole Bay. The neighborhood's landmarks include the Hiram M. Chittenden Locks (known locally as the "Ballard Locks"), the Nordic Museum, the Shilshole Bay Marina, and Golden Gardens Park.

The neighborhood's main thoroughfares running north-south are Seaview, 32nd, 24th, Leary, 15th, and 8th Avenues N.W.; East-west traffic is carried by N.W. Leary Way and N.W. 85th, 80th, 65th, and Market Streets (east- and westbound). The Ballard Bridge carries 15th Avenue over Salmon Bay to the Interbay neighborhood, and the Salmon Bay Bridge carries the BNSF Railway tracks across the bay, west of the Ballard Locks.

History

Early settlement

Before the settling of Seattle, the land surrounding Shilshole Bay was inhabited by the Shilshole Tribe who lived off the plentiful salmon and clams in the region.[1] The first European resident, homesteader Ira Wilcox Utter, moved to his claim in 1853.[1] Utter hoped to see a rapid expansion of population but that did not happen, so he sold the land to Thomas Burke, a judge.[2] Thirty-six years later, Judge Burke, together with John Leary and railroader Daniel H. Gilman, formed the West Coast Improvement Company to develop Burke's land holdings in the area as they anticipated the building of the Great Northern Railway along the Salmon Bay coastline on the way to Interbay and central Seattle. The partners also built a spur from Fremont's main line of the Seattle, Lake Shore and Eastern Railway. Today three miles (5 km) of this line, running along Salmon Bay from N.W. 40th Street to the BNSF Railway mainline at N.W. 67th, are operated as the Ballard Terminal Railroad.[3]

During the late 19th century Captain William Rankin Ballard, owner of land adjoining Judge Burke's holdings, joined the partnership with Burke, Leary, and Gilman. Then, in 1887 the partnership was dissolved and the assets divided, but no one wanted the land in Salmon Bay so the partners flipped a coin. Capt. Ballard lost the coin-toss and ended up with the "undesirable" 160-acre (0.65 km2) tract.[4]

The railroad to Seattle ended at Salmon Bay because the railroad company was unwilling to build a trestle to cross the bay. From the stop at "Ballard Junction," (as the terminus was called) passengers could walk across the wagon bridge and continue the journey to Seattle. In addition to gaining notoriety as the end of the railway line, fledgling Ballard benefited economically from the railway because the railroad provided a way to bring supplies into the area and also to export locally manufactured products. Ability to ship products spurred the growth of mills of many types. Ballard's first mill, built in 1888 by Mr. J Sinclair was a lumber mill; the second mill, finished the same year was a shingle mill.[5] After the Great Seattle Fire in 1889 the mills provided opportunities for those who had lost jobs in the fire, which in turn spurred the growth of the settlement as families moved north to work in the mills.

City of Ballard from 1890–1907

Ballard City Hall, photographed 1915.

With the rapid population growth the residents realized that there might soon be a need for laws to keep order, a process that would require a formal government. In the late summer of 1889 the community discussed incorporating as a town, but eventually rejected the idea of incorporation. The issue pressed, however, so several months later, on November 4, 1889, the residents again voted on the question and this time they voted to incorporate. The first mayor of Ballard was Charles F. Treat.[6] A municipal census, conducted shortly after the passing vote showed that the new town of Ballard had more than 1500 residents, allowing it to be the first "third class town" to be incorporated in the newly admitted state of Washington.[7]

By 1900, Ballard's population had grown to 4,568 making it the seventh largest city in Washington, and the town was faced with many of the problems common to small towns. Saloons had been a problem since the beginning, and in 1904 the drinking and gambling became so bad that the mayor ordered the City of Ballard officially closed for the day in order to prevent gambling.[8] The city also faced problems with loose livestock, so the Cow Ordinance of 1903 made allowing cows to graze south of present-day 65th St. a punishable offense. The city faced more serious problems, however, with two of the most difficult being the lack of both a proper water supply and a sewer system. The one weakness of the location on Salmon Bay was the lack of nearby freshwater springs, which meant that water came from local ground water wells. Lack of a proper sewage system contaminated the ground water, compounding the problem.

The town continued to grow, reaching 17,000 residents by 1907 and becoming the second largest city in King County.[9] However Ballard, like many of the other small cities surrounding Seattle continued to be plagued by water problems.[10][11][12][13][14] The rapid population growth had overwhelmed the city's ability to provide services, particularly a safe drinking water and sewer, and Ballard's city government had tried unsuccessfully to deal with the crises, so the citizens began considering asking Seattle to annex the town.[15][16] In 1905 the question was voted on and the residents voted against annexation, hoping for a solution, but the problems refused to go away.[17] In July 1906 the Supreme Court ruled that Seattle was not required to share water with surrounding communities.[18] Ballard had been dependent on a water sharing agreement with Seattle, but the Supreme Court decision left them with inadequate water, forcing a second vote on the annexation question. By this time the residents realized the inability of local resources to cope with their situation and the majority of residents voted in favor of annexation. On May 29, 1907 at 3:45 pm the city of Ballard officially became part of Seattle.[19][20] On that day Ballard citizens showed their mixed feelings about the handover by draping their city hall with black crepe and flying the flag at half mast. Chad T. Johnson is Assistant to the Mayor of Ballard.[19]

Modern history

Aerial view of Shilshole Bay Marina and Lake Washington Ship Canal from south
The lower part of Ballard Avenue still includes many light industrial businesses.
Architect's office on upper Ballard Avenue, about two blocks south of Market Street.

At the end of the 20th century Ballard began to experience a real-estate boom. By early 2007, nearly 20 major apartment/retail projects were under construction or had just been completed within a five-block radius of downtown Ballard. The new developments will add as many as 2500 new households to the neighborhood. This growth in urban density is the result of the neighborhood plan created by former Seattle Mayor Norm Rice. Mayor Rice's plan aimed to reduce suburban sprawl by targeting certain Seattle areas, including Ballard, for high-density development.

Transit and growth remain the two most contentious issues in the greater Seattle area. Sustainable Ballard, a group formed in 2004, is exploring many of these challenges on a community level. The group has adopted the slogan "A Blueprint for EveryTown USA."[21] This fast growing community-wide effort is working on many projects, including "Undriving Ballard," a transportation campaign to reduce traffic in the neighborhood, and "Get Carbon Neutral," working toward Ballard becoming the first carbon neutral community in the nation, a goal inspired by Al Gore's An Inconvenient Truth.[22] Gore lauded Ballard's efforts in an address at the NYU Law School on September 18, 2006.[23]

In recent times Ballard has added venues for live music, including bars, restaurants and coffee shops, such as Conor Byrne, Egan's Jam House, Fu Kun Wu @ Thaiku, Kiss Cafe, La Isla, Molly Maguire's, Old Pequliar, Sunset Tavern, The Stepping Stone, and The Tractor Tavern.[24] Each month the Ballard Chamber of Commerce sponsors the Second Saturday Artwalk.[25] Downtown Ballard also boasts a variety of restaurants and local shops.[26]

Downtown Ballard is also home to the Majestic Bay Theater, which was the oldest operating movie theater on the West Coast prior to its closure in 1997.[27] In 1998, it was renovated and transformed from a bargain single-screen theater to a well-appointed triplex.[28]

Ballard Historical Society

The Ballard Historical Society is a volunteer-run non-profit historical society located in the Ballard neighborhood. The organization does not have any traditional exhibition space, but maintains a community presence through its self-guided historical tours, historical markers, lectures, community events, and collections. The Ballard Historical Society's collections include memorabilia, historical archives, photographs, and other objects relating to Ballard History. The society has made its photo archives available online.[29] The organization has 501(c)(3) tax-exempt status.

Formed in 1988 with encouragement from the Ballard Centennial Committee in celebration of the Washington state centennial in 1989, the organization's establishment coincided with the publication of Passport to Ballard, a collection of essays on the neighborhood's history from pre-European settlement up through the 1980s.[30] In April 2007, the Ballard Historical Society unveiled its Historic Markers, which can be seen on buildings in the Ballard Avenue Historic District.

The organization also co-produced, along with the Nordic Heritage Museum and Swedish-Finn Historical Society, Voices of Ballard: Immigrant Stories from the Vanishing Generation (2001), a book collecting oral histories from long-time Ballard residents who have made the neighborhood home since before the 1960s.[31] The Ballard Walking Tour, a self-guided tour created by the organization, highlights 20 different historic sites on and around Ballard Avenue. The most recent illustrated Tour Brochure was released in February 2009.[32]

Every three years the Ballard Historical Society organizes the Ballard Classic Homes Tour and features a different set of vintage homes in Ballard during each parade of houses.

Culture

Signs and banners at the 2006 Ballard SeafoodFest reflect Ballard's Scandinavian and maritime heritage

Historically Ballard is the traditional center of Seattle's ethnically Scandinavian seafaring community, who were drawn to the area because of the salmon fishing opportunities.[1] The neighborhood's unofficial slogan, "Uff da", comes from an Almost Live! sketch that made fun of its Scandinavian culture. In recent years the proportion of Scandinavian residents has decreased but the neighborhood is still proud of its heritage. Ballard is home to the Nordic Museum, which celebrates both the community of Ballard and the local Scandinavian history. Scandinavians unite in organizations such as the Sons of Norway Leif Ericson Lodge and the Norwegian Ladies Chorus of Seattle. Each year the community celebrates the Ballard SeafoodFest and Norwegian Constitution Day (also called Syttende Mai) on May 17 to commemorate the signing of the Norwegian Constitution.[33]

Locals once nicknamed the neighborhood "Snoose Junction," a reference to the Scandinavian settlers' practice of using snus.[34]

The Majestic Bay Theatre on Market Street is on the same location as the former Bay and Majestic theaters. Before closing for the new construction the Bay Theatre was the longest continuously operating movie theatre on the west coast after the closure of the Cameo in Los Angeles.

Schools and libraries

Ballard Library, a block north of Market Street

The public schools in the neighborhood are part of the citywide Seattle Public Schools district. Ballard High School, located in the neighborhood, is the oldest continuously-operating high school in the city.[35] The original building was demolished in the late 1990s. The new school building is now one of the largest in the district and houses a biotechnology magnet program that attracts students from all over Seattle.[36] The high school has been supported by Amgen, Zymogenetics, G. M. Nameplate, the Youth Maritime Training Association, North Seattle Community College, Seattle City Light, and Swedish Hospital.[37]

There are several elementary schools and one alternative school located in the neighborhood. The closest middle school is Whitman Middle School, which is located north of Ballard in the Crown Hill neighborhood.[38]

  • Adams Elementary School (K-5)
  • Loyal Heights Elementary School (K-5)
  • Matheia School (K-5, private independent)
  • North Beach Elementary School (K-5)
  • Salmon Bay School (K-8)
  • St. Alphonsus School (K-8, Catholic)
  • West Woodland Elementary School (K-5)
  • Whittier Elementary School (K-5)

The Ballard Public Library was first created as the Carnegie Free Public Library in 1904. In 1907, after annexation, the library became part of the Seattle Public Library system. The original Carnegie building on Market Street was replaced with new construction on 24th Street in 1963. 42 years later, in 2005, a new library building on 20th Street designed by architectural firm Bohlin Cywinski Jackson, was opened as part of the Seattle Public Library's "Libraries for All" initiative.[39] The original Carnegie building on Market Street is a restaurant.

The Seattle Metaphysical Library, originally opened in the Pike Place Market in 1961, is now on Market Street in Ballard, and is open to the public and lends books to members.[40]

Registered historic places

The following Ballard buildings, areas and landmarks are listed on the National Register of Historic Places:[41]

Ballard Avenue Historic District Along Ballard Avenue N.W. between N.W. Market Street and N.W. Dock Place (added in 1976, ID #76001885).
Ballard Carnegie Library On N.W. Market Street (added 1979, ID #79002535).
Fire Station No. 18 At the corner of Russell Avenue N.W. and N.W. Market (added 1973, ID #73001876).
Ballard Bridge (added 1982, ID #82004231),
Hiram M. Chittenden Locks and the Lake Washington Ship Canal (added 1978, ID #78002751).

Notable residents

References

  1. 1 2 3 "Ballard: An Important Part of Washington's History". Ballard Chamber of Commerce. Archived from the original on October 10, 2007. Retrieved November 12, 2007.
  2. ↑ Reinartz (1988), p. 21.
  3. ↑ "Shippers Team Up to Save Short Line". Railway Age. Vol. 199 no. 6. June 1998. p. 20. After Burlington Northern and Santa Fe shut down three miles of waterfront line along the Lake Washington Ship Canal in Ballard, Wash., last year, four shippers got together to form the Ballard Terminal Railroad Co. Last month, BRTC was awarded a $350,000 loan by the Washington State Department of Transportation for rehabilitation of the deteriorated track. When that is completed, the new short line will again move such commodities as fish, furniture, sand, cement, and lubrication oil.
  4. ↑ Reinartz (1988), p. 24.
  5. ↑ Wandry, Margret (1975). Four Bridges to Seattle: Old Ballard 1853–1907. Seattle: Ballard Printing & Publishing. p. 79.
  6. ↑ "Seattle Municipal Archives — Annexed Cities — Ballard". Seattle.gov.
  7. ↑ Reinartz (1988), p. 57.
  8. ↑ Reinartz (1988), p. 62.
  9. ↑ Bass, Sophie (1947). When Seattle Was a Village. Seattle: Lowman & Hanford. p. 116.
  10. ↑ "The Water Situation". Ballard News. April 6, 1901.
  11. ↑ "Notice to Water Consumers". Ballard News. July 6, 1901.
  12. ↑ "Would Purchase Municipal Plant". Ballard News. October 12, 1901.
  13. ↑ "New Well Connected Up". Ballard News. July 6, 2007.
  14. ↑ "New Pump Connected Up". Ballard News. July 13, 2007.
  15. ↑ "Annexation Cause is Gaining Ground". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. November 9, 1905.
  16. ↑ "Enthusiasm Shown for Annexation". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. November 11, 1905.
  17. ↑ "Ballard Votes to Go At It Alone". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. November 6, 1905.
  18. ↑ "Will Allow Use of City Water". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. July 20, 1906.
  19. 1 2 Reinartz (1988), p. 64.
  20. ↑ "Ballard Is Now Part of Seattle". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. May 30, 1907.
  21. ↑ "Our Mission & Vision". Sustainable Ballard. Retrieved October 25, 2006.
  22. ↑ Mulady, Kathy (August 30, 2006). "Ballard group pushing plan to help fight global warming". Seattle Post-Intelligencer. Retrieved October 5, 2011.
  23. ↑ Gore, Al (September 18, 2006). "Al Gore Gives Policy Address at NYU on Solving the Climate Crisis". New York University. Archived from the original on January 19, 2008. Retrieved October 25, 2006.
  24. ↑ "BARS — WITH LIVE MUSIC FEATURE — IN BALLARD". The Stranger. Archived from the original on 2011-06-07. Retrieved April 26, 2009.
  25. ↑ "Second Saturday Artwalk". inballard.com. Archived from the original on 2007-12-15. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  26. ↑ "Boutique Shops, Neighborhood Pubs, Eclectic Restaurants, and Waterfront Parks in Ballard". inballard.com. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  27. ↑ Pastier, John (October 11, 2000). "Triple feature". The Seattle Weekly. Archived from the original on 2000-10-11. Retrieved April 5, 2008.
  28. ↑ "About The Bay". Majestic Bay Theatres. Archived from the original on October 9, 2007. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  29. ↑ "Letter from the President:". Ballard Historical Society. Archived from the original on 2007-12-08.
  30. ↑ Reinartz, Kay F, ed. (1988). Passport to Ballard: the Centennial Story. Seattle: Ballard News Tribune.
  31. ↑ Marianne Forssblad. "Abstract: The Vanishing Generation: An Oral History Project". Pacific Northwest Historian Guild. Archived from the original on 2005-05-28.
  32. ↑ Wong, Dean (August 10, 2005). "Historical Society announces new tour". Ballard News-Tribune. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07.
  33. ↑ "17th of May Celebration in Seattle". Norwegian 17th of May Committee. Archived from the original on 2007-10-10. Retrieved October 31, 2007.
  34. ↑ Walt Crowley (March 31, 1999). "Seattle Neighborhoods: Ballard – Thumbnail History". HistoryLink.org.
  35. ↑ "History of Fremont". Rockwell Realty, LLC. Archived from the original on 2007-11-17. Retrieved December 5, 2007.
  36. ↑ "Biotech Academy". Ballard High School. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved November 11, 2007.
  37. ↑ "Ballard High School 2007 Annual Report" (PDF). Seattle Public Schools. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-04-10. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  38. ↑ "Seattle Public Schools – Northwest Region". Seattle Public Schools. Archived from the original on 2007-11-12. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  39. ↑ "About the Ballard Branch". The Seattle Public Library. Archived from the original on 2008-10-22. Retrieved November 10, 2007.
  40. ↑ Allison, Espiritu (March 20, 2009). "Book worms offer alternative ideas through Seattle Metaphysical Library". Ballard News-Tribune. Archived from the original on 2011-07-07. Retrieved January 28, 2011.
  41. ↑ "Washington — King County". National Register of Historic Places. page 1. Retrieved September 16, 2007. page 2

Coordinates: 47°40′37″N 122°23′06″W / 47.677°N 122.385°W / 47.677; -122.385

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