BL Lacertae

BL Lacertae
Observation data (Epoch J2000)
Constellation Lacerta
Right ascension 22h 02m 43.3s
Declination +42° 16′ 40″
Redshift 0.07
Distance 0.9 Gly (0.276 Gpc)
Type BL Lac
Apparent magnitude (V) var. ~14 to ~17
Other designations
OY+401, VR 42.22.01
See also: Quasar, List of quasars

Coordinates: 22h 02m 43.3s, +42° 16′ 40″

BL Lacertae or BL Lac is a highly variable, extragalactic AGN (active galactic nucleus or active galaxy). It was first discovered by Cuno Hoffmeister in 1929,[1] but was originally thought to be an irregular variable star in the Milky Way galaxy and so was given a variable star designation. In 1968, the "star" was identified by John Schmitt at the David Dunlap Observatory as a bright, variable radio source. A faint trace of a host galaxy was also found.[2] In 1974, Oke and Gunn measured the redshift of BL Lacertae as z = 0.07, corresponding to a recession velocity of 21,000 km/s with respect to the Milky Way.[3] The redshift figure implies that the object lies at a distance of 900 million light years.

Due to its early discovery, BL Lacertae became the prototype and namesake of the class of active galactic nuclei known as "BL Lacertae objects" or "BL Lac objects". This class is distinguished by rapid and high-amplitude brightness variations and by optical spectra devoid (or nearly devoid) of the broad emission lines characteristic of quasars. These characteristics are understood to result from relativistic beaming of emission from a jet of plasma ejected from the vicinity of a supermassive black hole. BL Lac objects are also categorized as a type of blazar.

BL Lacertae changes in apparent magnitude over fairly small time periods between values of 14 and 17. Its location in the sky for epoch 2000.0 is at RA 22h 02m 43.3s, DEC +42° 16′ 40″.

References

  1. ↑ Hoffmeister, Cuno (1929). "354 neue Veränderliche". Astronomische Nachrichten. 236 (15): 233. Bibcode:1929AN....236..233H. doi:10.1002/asna.19292361502.
  2. ↑ Schmitt, John L. (May 1968). "BL Lac identified as a Radio Source". Nature. 218 (5142): 663. Bibcode:1968Natur.218..663S. doi:10.1038/218663a0. Archived from the original on September 19, 2008.
  3. ↑ Oke, J. B.; Gunn, J. E. (1974). "The Distance of BL Lacertae". Astrophysical Journal Letters. 189: 5. Bibcode:1974ApJ...189L...5O. doi:10.1086/181450.
  • "BL Lacertae". aavso.org. 13 April 2010.
  • "NAME BL Lac". SIMBAD. Centre de données astronomiques de Strasbourg. Retrieved 3 April 2018.
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