BCN nanotube

(a,d,e) Electron micrographs of BC2N nanotubes, (b) Electron diffraction pattern, (c) fragment of the nanotube wall.[1]

BCN nanotubes are tubular structures with a sub-micrometer diameter and a length much longer than diameter. They are composed of comparable amounts of boron, carbon and nitrogen atoms.

First made in 1994, synthesis methods have included: arc-discharge, laser ablation, chemical vapor deposition (CVD), template route, and pyrolysis techniques. Single-walled B–C–N nanotubes have been made with a hot-filament method.[2]

Solvothermal synthesis

Vertically aligned arrays of ~BC2N nanotubes can be produced by solvothermal synthesis in a stainless steel autoclave from a mixture of sodium azide (NaN3), ammonium fluoroborate (NH4BF4) and methyl cyanide (CH3CN). The mixture, together with the solvent and other additives is heated to 400 °C for ~14 h.[1] The final composition was approx B19C55N26.[1]

Potential applications

The vertically-aligned BCN nanotubes (made as above) exhibit a high and stable specific capacitance (>500 F/g), which exceeds that of alternative carbon nanomaterials, and therefore have potential applications in supercapacitors.[1][3]

Facile synthesis

Another method produced nanotubes of composition : B45%,C31%,N24% [2] The method was grow them on stainless steel by reacting boron, zinc oxide (ZnO), and ethanol in nitrogen and hydrogen at 1150 °C. The resulting nanotubes had an average diameter of about 90 nm.

References

  1. 1 2 3 4 Zhou, Junshuang; Li, Na; Gao, Faming; Zhao, Yufeng; Hou, Li; Xu, Ziming (2014). "Vertically-aligned BCN Nanotube Arrays with Superior Performance in Electrochemical capacitors". Scientific Reports. 4. doi:10.1038/srep06083.
  2. 1 2 Luo, L; Mo, L; Tong, Z; Chen, Y. "Facile Synthesis of Ternary Boron Carbonitride Nanotubes". Nanoscale Res Lett. 4: 834–838. doi:10.1007/s11671-009-9325-7. PMC 2894111. PMID 20596377.
  3. ↑ Zhi, C. Y.; Bai, X. D.; Wang, E. G. (2004). "Boron carbonitride nanotubes". Journal of Nanoscience and Nanotechnology. 4 (1–2): 35–51. doi:10.1166/jnn.2004.018. PMID 15112540.
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