Aryandes
| Aryandes Satrap of Egypt | |
|---|---|
| Predecessor | new office |
| Successor | Pherendates |
| Dynasty | 27th Dynasty |
| Pharaoh | Cambyses II to Darius I |
Aryandes (or Aryavanda[1]) was the first Achaemenid satrap of ancient Egypt between the 6th and 5th centuries BCE, during the early 27th Dynasty of Egypt.
Career
When king Cambyses II defeated pharaoh Psamtik III at the battle of Pelusium (525 BCE), Egypt became a satrapy of the Achaemenid empire, and Aryandes was appointed satrap shortly after. In 522 BCE, Aryandes was overthrown due to a revolt against the Achaemenid rule led by a native Egyptian pharaoh, Petubastis III. The rebellion was personally quelled by the new king Darius I during his expedition to Egypt in 518 BCE, and Aryandes reinstated. The satrap then attempted to subjugate Libya with poor results.[2]
Around 496 BCE, Aryandes fell out of favour with Darius I and was deposed and replaced by Pherendates.[1] The reason for this decision is unknown, with Polyaenus claiming that the satrap started minting his own silver coinage, thus irritating the king. It appears more likely that Darius had real concerns of a declaration of independence by Aryandes for his satrapy.[3]
References
- 1 2 Ray, John D. (2006). "Egypt, 525–404 B.C.". In Boardman, John; Hammond, N.D.L.; Lewis, D.M.; Ostwald, M. The Cambridge Ancient History (2nd ed.), vol. IV – Persia, Greece and the Western Mediterranean c. 525 to 479 B.C. Cambridge University Press. p. 266. ISBN 0 521 22804 2.
- ↑ Ray, p. 262
- ↑ Ray, p. 264
Further reading
- Milne, J.G. (1936). "The Silver of Aryandes". Journal of Egyptian Archaeology. 24: 245–6.
- ARYANDES at the Encyclopædia Iranica.
| Preceded by new office |
Satrap of Egypt c.525 – 522 BCE 518 – c.496 BCE |
Succeeded by Pherendates |