Stenorhynchus seticornis

Stenorhynchus seticornis
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Crustacea
Class: Malacostraca
Order: Decapoda
Infraorder: Brachyura
Family: Inachidae
Genus: Stenorhynchus
Species: S. seticornis
Binomial name
Stenorhynchus seticornis
(Herbst, 1788)

Stenorhynchus seticornis, the yellowline arrow crab or simply arrow crab, is a species of marine crab.

Description

S. seticornis off Hispaniola

The body of S. seticornis is triangular, and the rostrum is drawn out into a long point with serrate edges.[1] The legs are also long and thin, up to 10 cm (3.9 in) across,[2] and the animal's carapace may be up to 6 cm (2.4 in) long.[3] Colouration is variable in this species; the body may be golden, yellow or cream, marked with brown, black or iridescent-blue lines; the legs are reddish or yellow, and the claws are blue or violet.[3]

Distribution

Stenorhynchus seticornis is found in the western and eastern Atlantic Ocean, from North Carolina and Bermuda to Brazil, including throughout the Caribbean Sea,[3] also in the coastal waters of Cape Verde. It lives on coral reefs at depths of 10–30 feet (3.0–9.1 m).[4]

Ecology and behaviour

S. seticornis is nocturnal and territorial.[5] It eats small feather duster worms and other coral reef invertebrates.[5] This crab is commonly kept in reef aquariums to control bristle worm populations.[6]

S. seticornis is one of a number of different invertebrates that are found living in association with the sea anemone, Lebrunia danae. It is often found among the anemone's pseudotentacles along with Pederson's cleaning shrimp (Ancylomenes pedersoni) and the spotted cleaner shrimp (Periclimenes yucatanicus).[7]

Life cycle

During mating, the male places a spermatophore on the female, which she uses to fertilise her eggs. These fertilised eggs are then carried on the female's pleopods until they are ready to hatch into zoea larvae.[5] These swim towards the ocean surface and feed on plankton. They grow through a series of moults, and eventually metamorphose into the adult form.[5]

Taxonomic history

Stenorhynchus seticornis was first described by Johann Friedrich Wilhelm Herbst in 1788, under the name Cancer seticornis. It was also described as "Cancer sagittarius" by Johan Christian Fabricius in 1793, a name which is now a junior synonym of S. seticornis.[8] Pierre André Latreille erected the genus Stenorhynchus (originally mis-spelt Stenorynchus) in 1818,[8] and S. seticornis was confirmed as the type species by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature in 1966.[9]

References

  1. ↑ Gilbert L. Voss (2002). "Family Majidae. The Spider Crabs". Seashore Life of Florida and the Caribbean. Courier Dover Publications. pp. 116–119. ISBN 978-0-486-42068-4.
  2. ↑ George Lewbel, George S. Lewbel & Larry R. Martin (1991). "Crustaceans". Diving Bonaire. Aqua Quest Publications. pp. 105–108. ISBN 978-0-9623389-4-6.
  3. 1 2 3 Eugene H. Kaplan & Roger Tory Peterson (1999). A Field Guide to Coral Reefs: Caribbean and Florida. Volume 27 of Peterson Field Guides. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-618-00211-5.
  4. ↑ Melissa Block (2001). "Stenorhynchus seticornis, yellowline arrow crab". Animal Diversity Web. University of Michigan. Retrieved October 6, 2010.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Emilio Barela. "Arrow crab". WhoZoo.org. Retrieved October 6, 2010.
  6. ↑ "Arrow crab". aquariumslife.com. Retrieved February 8, 2011.
  7. ↑ William Herrnkind, Gregg Stanton & Edwin Conklin (1976). "Initial characterization of the commensal complex associated with the anemone, Lebrunia danae, at Grand Bahama". Bulletin of Marine Science. 26 (1): 65–71.
  8. 1 2 Peter K. L. Ng, Danièle Guinot & Peter J. F. Davie (2008). "Systema Brachyurorum: Part I. An annotated checklist of extant Brachyuran crabs of the world" (PDF). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology. 17: 1–286.
  9. ↑ "Opinion 763. Stenorhynchus Lamarck, 1818 (Crustacea, Decapoda): validated under the plenary powers with designation of Cancer seticornis Herbst, 1788, as type-species". Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature. 23 (1): 19–21. 1966.
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