Apocynum

Apocynum
Apocynum androsaemifolium
Scientific classification
Kingdom:Plantae
Clade:Angiosperms
Clade:Eudicots
Clade:Asterids
Order:Gentianales
Family:Apocynaceae
Subfamily:Apocynoideae
Genus:Apocynum
L. 1753
Synonyms[1]

Apocynum, commonly known as dogbane[2] or Indian hemp,[2] is a genus of the plant family of the Apocynaceae with seven species. Its name is from the Greek: apo, away and cyno,[3] attributed to its toxicity. The genus is native to North America, temperate Asia (China, Siberia, Kazakhstan, etc.), and SE Europe (Italy, Bulgaria, Ukraine, etc.).[1][4][5]

Apocynum species are used as food plants by the larvae of some Lepidoptera species, including the mouse moth and the Queen butterfly.

Uses

Apocynum cannabinum was used as a source of fiber by Native Americans. Apocynum venetum (Chinese: 羅布麻) is used as an herbal tea in China.[6] Dogbane contains cymarin, a cardiotonic agent formerly used to treat cardiac arrhythmia in humans.[7]

Species

Almost 300 names have been proposed in the genus for species, subspecies, and forms. Only the following are currently recognized as species, with several subspecies and varieties accepted for A. androsaemifolium and A. venetum (see species pages).[1]

  1. Apocynum androsaemifolium L. 1753 not Forssk. 1775 – Canada, United States, NE Mexico
  2. Apocynum cannabinum L. – Canada, United States
  3. Apocynum × floribundum Greene (syn. A. × medium) – Canada, United States, N Mexico (A. androsaemifolium × A. cannabinum)
  4. Apocynum pictum Schrenk – China (Gansu, Qinghai, Xinjiang), Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan
  5. Apocynum venetum L. – Italy, Bulgaria, Turkey, Ukraine, Russia, Siberia, Central Asia, Iran, Iraq, Cyprus, Pakistan, Afghanistan, China, Japan

References

  1. 1 2 3 "World Checklist of Selected Plant Families". Retrieved May 21, 2014.
  2. 1 2 English Names for Korean Native Plants (PDF). Pocheon: Korea National Arboretum. 2015. p. 517. ISBN 978-89-97450-98-5. Archived from the original (PDF) on 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 January 2016 – via Korea Forest Service.
  3. ↑ http://www.co.jefferson.co.us/coopext/plantdetail.do?sna=Apocynum+androsaemifolium&image=0 Colorado Plant Database
  4. ↑ Flora of China Vol. 16 Page 181 罗布麻属 luo bu ma shu Apocynum Linnaeus, Sp. Pl. 1: 213. 1753.
  5. ↑ Biota of North America Program 2013 county distribution maps
  6. ↑ Xiong, Q; Fan, W; Tezuka, Y; Adnyana, IK; Stampoulis, P; Hattori, M; Namba, T; Kadota, S. "Hepatoprotective effect of Apocynum venetum and its active constituents". Planta Med. 66: 127–33. doi:10.1055/s-2000-11135. PMID 10763585.
  7. ↑ National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine, Cymarine

Further reading

  • Edible and Medicinal plants of the West, Gregory L. Tilford, ISBN 0-87842-359-1
  • Treatment from the Jepson Manual
  • "Apocynum". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
  • UVSC Herbarium - Apocynum
  • Some dogbane pictures


This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.