Amphibamidae
| Amphibamidae | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Amphibamus grandiceps | |
Scientific classification  | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Order: | †Temnospondyli |
| Superfamily: | †Dissorophoidea |
| Family: | †Amphibamidae Moodie, 1916 |
| Subgroups | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
The Amphibamidae are an extinct family of dissorophoid euskelian temnospondyls. The earliest amphibamids, such as Amphibamus, are known from Late Carboniferous strata in the United States[1] and the Czech Republic,[2] while the last known amphibamid, Micropholis, is known from the Early Triassic Karoo Basin of South Africa. According to some phylogenetic studies, modern amphibians, including frogs, salamanders, and caecilians, may have descended from a common ancestor that was an amphibamid.
Classification
Cladogram from Schoch and Rubidge (2005):[3]
| Amphibamidae |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cladogram from Huttenlocker et al. (2007):[4]
| Amphibamidae |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cladogram from Fröbisch and Reisz (2008):[5]
| Amphibamidae |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cladogram from Schoch (2009):[6]
| Amphibamidae |
| |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Relationship to the Batrachia
The Amphibamidae contain the genus Gerobatrachus, which has been interpreted as the sister taxon of the Batrachia, the modern amphibians.[7] Below is a modified cladogram from Anderson et al. (2008) showing Batrachia nested in the Amphibamidae, with Gerobatrachus as the sister taxon of Batrachia:[7]
| Amphibamidae |
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
The cladistic analysis of Anderson et al. (2008) supported the "polyphyly hypothesis" of modern amphibian ancestry, whereby some extant amphibian groups are descendants of temnospondyls, while others are descendants of lepospondyls, another large group of Paleozoic amphibians.[8] Caecilians were nested within the Lepospondyli, making the Lissamphibia polyphyletic.
References
- ↑ Clack, Jennifer A. (27 June 2012). Gaining Ground, Second Edition: The Origin and Evolution of Tetrapods. Indiana University Press. pp. 346–8. ISBN 0-253-00537-X. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
- ↑ Andrew R. Milner and Sandra E.K. Sequeira (2003). "Revision of the amphibian genus Limnerpeton (Temnospondyli) from the Upper Carboniferous of the Czech Republic". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. 48 (1): 123–141.
- ↑ Schoch, R.R.; Rubidge, B.S. (2005). "The amphibamid Micropholis from the Lystrosaurus Assemblage Zone of South Africa". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 25 (3): 502–522. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2005)025[0502:TAMFTL]2.0.CO;2.
- ↑ Huttenlocker, A.K.; Pardo, J.D.; Small, B.J. (2007). "Plemmyradytes shintoni, gen. et. sp. nov., an Early Permian Amphibamid (Temnospondyli:Dissorophoidea) from the Eskridge Formation, Nebraska". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 27 (2): 316–328. doi:10.1671/0272-4634(2007)27[316:PSGESN]2.0.CO;2.
- ↑ Fröbisch, N.B.; Reisz, R.R. (2008). "A new Lower Permian amphibamid (Dissorophoidea, Temnospondyli) from the fissure fill deposits near Richards Spur, Oklahoma". Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology. 28 (4): 1015–1030. doi:10.1671/0272-4634-28.4.1015.
- ↑ Frobisch, N. B.; Schoch, R. R. (2009). "Testing the Impact of Miniaturization on Phylogeny: Paleozoic Dissorophoid Amphibians". Systematic Biology. 58 (3): 312–327. doi:10.1093/sysbio/syp029. ISSN 1063-5157. PMID 20525586.
- 1 2 Anderson, J.S.; Reisz, R.R.; Scott, D.; Fröbisch, N.B.; Sumida, S.S. (2008). "A stem batrachian from the Early Permian of Texas and the origin of frogs and salamanders" (PDF). Nature. 453 (7194): 515–518. doi:10.1038/nature06865. PMID 18497824.
- ↑ Marjanović, D.; Laurin, M. (2009). "A closer look at published data matrices reveals support for the "lepospondyl hypothesis" on the origin of Lissamphibia" (PDF). Abstracts from the 7th Annual Meeting of the European Association of Vertebrate Palaeontologists: 45.