Ammonium azide

Ammonium azide
Names
Other names
Ammonium trinitride
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
ECHA InfoCard 100.032.093
EC Number 235-315-4
Properties
NH4N3, NH3.HN3
Molar mass 60.059 g/mol
Appearance White crystalline solid
Odor Odorless
Density 1.3459 g/cm3
Melting point 160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)
Boiling point 400 °C (752 °F; 673 K) (decomposes)
Structure[1]
orthorhombic
Pman
a = 8.930, b = 8.642, c = 3.800
4
Hazards
Main hazards Very toxic, explosive
Related compounds
Other anions
 Ammonium nitrate
Ammonium cyanide
Other cations
 Sodium azide
Potassium azide
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Infobox references

Ammonium azide is the chemical compound with the formula NH4N3, being the salt of ammonia and hydrazoic acid. Like other inorganic azides, this colourless crystalline salt is a powerful explosive, although it has a remarkably low sensitivity. NH4N3 is physiologically active and inhalation of small amounts causes headaches and palpitations. It was first obtained by Theodor Curtius in 1890, along with other azides.

Structure

Ammonium azide is ionic. Ammonium azide contains about 93% nitrogen by weight as ammonium cation and azide anion. It is a structural isomer of tetrazene.

References

  1. ↑ Frevel, Ludo K. (1 January 1936). "The Crystal Structure of Ammonium Azide, NH4N3". Zeitschrift für Kristallographie - Crystalline Materials. 94 (1–6): 197. doi:10.1524/zkri.1936.94.1.197.
  • Yakovleva, G. S.; Kurbangalina, R. Kh.; Stesik, L. N. (1977). "Detonation properties of ammonium azide". Combustion, Explosion, and Shock Waves. 13 (3): 405. doi:10.1007/BF00740326.
  • Salim de Amorim, Helio; do Amaral, M. R.; Pattison P.; Ludka I. P.; Mendes, J. C. (2002). "Ammonium azide: A Commented Example of an Ab Initio Structure (Re-)Determination From X-Ray Diffraction" (PDF). Revista de la Sociedad Quimica de México. 45 (4): 313&ndash, 319. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2012-04-06.
  • Curtius, Th. (1890). "Ueber Stickstoffwasserstoffsäure (Azoimid) N3H". Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft. 23 (2): 3023. doi:10.1002/cber.189002302232.
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