American and British English pronunciation differences

Differences in pronunciation between American English (AmE) and British English (BrE) can be divided into

In the following discussion:

  • superscript A2 after a word indicates that the BrE pronunciation of the word is a common variant in AmE.
  • superscript B2 after a word indicates that the AmE pronunciation of the word is a common variant in BrE.
  • superscript A1 after a word indicates that the pronunciation given as BrE is also the most common variant in AmE.
  • superscript B1 after a word indicates that the pronunciation given as AmE is also the most common variant in BrE.

Stress

Subscript a or b means that the relevant unstressed vowel is also reduced to /ə/ or /ɪ/ in AmE or BrE, respectively.

French stress

For many loanwords from French where AmE has kept the original French final-syllable stress, BrE stresses an earlier syllable. French loanwords that differ in stress only are listed below.

BrE AmE words with relevant syllable stressed in each dialect[1]
1st last barragea,[nb 1] batonab*, bereta[nb 2], bidet, blaséA2, bouffantA2,[nb 3] brasserieb, brassiereab, brevetabA2,[2] brochurebB2*,[nb 4][3] buffeta,[nb 5][4] cachetA2, café*a*b, caffeineA2, canardaB1,[5] chagrina, chaletA2, cliché*a, collagea*B2, croissant*a, debrisaA2,[nb 6] debut, décorA2, detailaA2, figurine, flambé,[nb 7] frappé, garageaB2,[nb 8] gourmetA2, lamé[nb 9], massage, matinée, mirageB2, negligeeA2, nonchalantbA2, nondescript, parquet*b, pastelB2b, pastilleb,[nb 10] pâté,[nb 11] précisA2, sachet, salona, savantabA2, solfège,[7] sorbet,[nb 12] soupçon,[8] vaccine, vermouthB2.

Also some French names, including: Degas, Dijon,[9] Dumas,[10] Manet,[11] Monet,[nb 13][12] Renaulta,[nb 14][13] Rimbaud.[nb 15][14]

2nd last attaché, consomméa, cor anglaisB2, décolleté, déclassé, démodé,[15] denouement, distingué, escargot, exposé, fiancé(e)A2,[nb 16] financier, retroussé.

Also some French names, including: Debussyb, Dubonneta.

last 1st addressbA1 (noun), decadebB1,[nb 17][16] esquireb*A2, magazineA2, mayonnaiseA2 tiradeA2, ((bi)p)artisana.B1/2[nb 18]
2nd 1st artisanalA1, liaisonabA2*[nb 19], macraméab, Renaissanceab[nb 20]

Verbs ending in –ate

Most 2-syllable verbs ending -ate have first-syllable stress in AmE and second-syllable stress in BrE. This includes castrate, cremateA2,[17] curate, dictateA2, donateA2, frustrate, gradate, gyrate, hydrate, locateA2, migrate, mutate, narratebA2, phonate, placatebB2, prostrate, pulsate, rotate, serrateA2, spectate, stagnate, striate,[18] translateA2, truncate, vacateb*A2,[19] vibrateA2. Examples where AmE and BrE match include collate, conflate, create, debate, equate, elate, inflate, negate; and mandate and probate with first-syllable stress. Derived nouns in -ator retains the distinction, but those in -ation do not. Also, migratoryB2[20] and vibratoryB2[21] sometimes retain the distinction.

Most longer -ate verbs are pronounced the same in AmE and BrE, but a few have first-syllable stress in BrE and second-syllable stress in AmE: elongateaA2, impregnate, inculcate, inculpate, infiltrateA2, remonstrateabA2,[22] sequestrate, tergiversateaA1[nb 21].[23] For some derived adjectives ending -atory stress-shifting to -a(tory)- occurs in BrE. Among these cases are celebratorya[24] (BrE: /ˌsɛlɪˈbreɪtəri/), compensatorya,[25] participatorya,[26] regulatoryaB1.[27] AmE stresses the same syllable as the corresponding -ate verb (except compensatory, where AmE stresses the second syllable). A further -atory difference is laboratoryB2: AmE /ˈlæbərətɔːri/ and BrE /ləˈbɒrətəri/.[28]

Miscellaneous stress

There are a number of cases where same-spelled noun, verb and/or adjective have uniform stress in one dialect but distinct stress in the other (e.g. alternate, prospect): see initial-stress-derived noun.

The following table lists words not brought up in the discussion so far where the main difference between AmE and BrE is in stress. Usually, it also follows a reduction of the unstressed vowel. Words marked with subscript A or B are exceptions to this, and thus retains a full vowel in the (relatively) unstressed syllable of AmE or BrE. A subsequent asterisk, *, means that the full vowel is usually retained; a preceding * means that the full vowel is sometimes retained.

Words with other points of difference are listed in a later table.

BrE AmE words with relevant syllable stressed in each dialect[1]
1st 2nd adultBAB2, BalthazarA, cerebral/cerebrumA2, converseA2 (adj.),[29] illustrativeA2, omegaA, patinaA1, pianistAB2, stalactiteA2, stalagmiteA2, SuezA2*, thanksgivingABB2, transferenceAA2, UlyssesA
2nd 1st ancillaryB, archangelB1, AugustineBA2, catenary, controversyB1, corollary, defence/offenseAA2 (sport), deficitB1,[nb 22] fritillary, guffawA1,[30] marshmallowAB,[nb 23] miscellany,[nb 24] patronal, predicative, pretence/pretenseAA1, princess*AA2, saxophonistBB2, spread(-)eagledAB,[31] substratumABA2, tracheaAB2, weekendABB2
1st 3rd opportuneAB
2nd 3rd submarinerA2
3rd 1st hemoglobinAB, margarineB, PyreneesAB
3rd 2nd arytenoidA1, centrifugalB2, obscurantismABA2[32]

Affixes

-ary,-ery,-ory,-mony,-ative,-bury,-berry

Where the syllable preceding the suffixes -ary, -ery, -ory, -mony or -ative is unstressed, AmE pronounces the antepenultimate syllable with a full vowel sound: /ɛri/ for -ary and -ery, /ɔːri/ for -ory, /moʊni/ for -mony and /eɪtɪv/ -ative. BrE reduces the vowel to a schwa or even elides it completely: /əri/ or /ri/, /məni/ and /ətɪv/ -ative. So military is AmE /ˈmɪlətɛri/ and BrE /ˈmɪlɪtəri/ or /ˈmɪlɪtri/,[33] inventory is AmE /ˈɪnvəntɔːri/ and BrE /ˈɪnvəntəri/,[34] testimony is AmE /ˈtɛstəmoʊni/ and BrE /ˈtɛstɪməni/[35] and innovative is AmE /ˈɪnoʊveɪtɪv/ or /ˈɪnəveɪtɪv/ and BrE /ˈɪnəvətɪv/.[36] (The elision is avoided in carefully enunciated speech, especially with endings -rary,-rery,-rory.)

Where the syllable preceding -ary, -ery, -ory, -mony or -ative is stressed however, AmE also usually reduces the vowel: /əri/, /məni/. Exceptions include library,[37] primaryA2,[38] rosemary.[39] (Pronouncing library as /ˈlaɪbɛri/ rather than /ˈlaɪbrɛri/ is stigmatized in the United States, for example as associated with African-American Vernacular English,[40] whereas in BrE, /ˈlaɪbri/ is common in rapid or casual speech.)

The suffix -berry is pronounced by similar rules, except that in BrE it may be full /bɛri/ after an unstressed syllable, while in AmE it is usually full in all cases. Thus we have strawberry: BrE /ˈstrɔːbəri/, AmE /ˈstrɔːbɛri/, and whortleberry: BrE/AmE /ˈwɔːrtəlbɛri/.

The placename component -bury (e.g. Canterbury) has a similar difference: AmE has a full vowel: /bɛri/ where BrE has a reduced one: /bəri/.

Note that stress differences between the dialects occur with some words ending in -atory (listed above) and a few others like capillary (included in #Miscellaneous stress above).

Formerly the BrE–AmE distinction for adjectives carried over to corresponding adverbs ending -arily, -erily or -orily. However, nowadays some BrE speakers adopt the AmE practice of shifting the stress to the antepenultimate syllable: militarily is thus sometimes /ˌmɪlɪˈtɛrɪli/ rather than /ˈmɪlɪtərəli/, and necessarily is in BrE either /ˈnɛsəsərɪli/ or /ˌnɛsəˈsɛrɪli/.[41]

-ile

Words ending in unstressed -ile derived from Latin adjectives ending -ilis are mostly pronounced with a full vowel in BrE /aɪl/ but a reduced vowel or syllabic L in AmE /əl/ (e.g. fertile rhymes with fur tile in BrE but with furtle in AmE).

AmE will (unlike BrE, except when indicated withB2) have a reduced last vowel:

  • generally in facile, (in)fertile, fissile, fragile, missile, stabile (adjective), sterile, tensile, versatile, virile, volatile
  • usually in agile, decile, ductile,[42] erectile, futile, hostile, juvenile, (im)mobile (adjective & phone), nubile, projectile, puerile, servile, tactile, utile[43]
  • rarely in domicileB2,[nb 25][44] infantile, pensile, percentile, reptile, senile,[nb 26] textile
  • never in crocodile, exile, gentile, reconcile; nor to compounds of monosyllables (e.g. turnstile from stile)

In some words the pronunciation /iːl/ also comes into play:

  • BrE /aɪl/, AmE /iːl/: c(h)amomileA2, mercantileA2, mobile/stabile (decorations)
  • BrE /aɪl/, AmE /ɪl/ or /əl/: motile, prehensile, pulsatile, tractile
  • BrE /iːl/, AmE /ɪl/ or /əl/: imbecile
  • BrE /ɪl/, AmE /iːl/: rutile (BrE, AmE also /aɪl/)[45]

Related endings -ility, -ilize, -iliary are pronounced the same in AmE as BrE.

di-

The pronunciation of the vowel of the prefix di- in words such as dichotomy, digest (verb), dilate, dilemma, dilute, diluvial, dimension, direct, dissect, disyllable, divagate, diverge, diverse, divert, divest, and divulge as well as their derivational forms vary between /aɪ/ and /ɪ/ or /ə/ in both British and American English.[46]:237

-ine

The suffix -ine,[7] when unstressed, is pronounced sometimes /aɪn/ (e.g. feline), sometimes /iːn/ (e.g. morphine) and sometimes /ɪn/ (e.g. medicine). Some words have variable pronunciation within BrE, or within AmE, or between BrE and AmE. Generally, AmE is more likely to favor /iːn/ or /ɪn/, and BrE to favor /aɪn/.

BrE /aɪn/, AmE (1) /iːn/: carbineA2, FlorentineA2, philistineA2, pristineB2[nb 27], salineA2, serpentineA2.

BrE /aɪn/, AmE (1) /iːn/ (2) /ɪn/: adamantineA2.

BrE /aɪn/, AmE /ɪn/: uterineB2.

BrE /aɪn/, AmE (1) /ɪn/ (2) /aɪn/ (3) /iːn/: crystalline, labyrinthine.[47]

BrE (1) /iːn/, AmE (1) /aɪn/ (2) /ɪn/: strychnineA2.

Weak forms

The title Saint before a person's name has a weak form in BrE but not AmE: before vowels, /sənt/.[48]

Miscellaneous pronunciation differences

These tables list words pronounced differently but spelled the same. See also the table of words with different pronunciation reflected in the spelling.

Single differences

Words with multiple points of difference of pronunciation are in the table after this one. Accent-based differences are ignored. For example, Moscow is RP [ˈmɒskəʊ] and GAm [ˈmɑːskaʊ], but only the /oʊ/–/aʊ/ difference is highlighted here, since both the [ɒ]–[ɑː] difference and the RP use of [əʊ] rather than [oʊ] are predictable from the accent. Also, tiara is listed with AmE /æ/; the marry–merry–Mary merger changes this vowel for many Americans. Some AmE types are listed as /ɒ/ where GAm merges to /ɑː/.

A2 means that American speakers may use either pronunciation;B2 means British speakers may use either pronunciation.

BrEAmEWords
/ɑː//æ/Excluding words changed by the trap–bath split,[49] (which affects most southern British speakers and almost no American speakers): banana, choraleA2, ColoradoA2, cycloramaA2 , dioramaA2 , Internationale, khakiA2, localeA2, morale, musicale, NevadaA2,[nb 28][50] pajama(s)A2, PakistaniA2, panoramaA2, pastorale, plaqueB2, rale, rationale, SaharaA2, scenarioA2, sopranoA2, SudanB2, sultana, tiaraA2
/æ//ɑː/"A" in the anglicised pronunciation of many foreign names and loanwords, e.g.: AnkaraA2, aquaA2, Basra, Boccaccio, CaracasB2, CasablancaA2, Casals, caveatA2, Cezanne, chiantiA2, Delgado, goulashA2, grappa, Gulag, hacienda, kebab,[51] Las (placenames, e.g. Las Vegas), lasagnaB2, latteB2, Lausanne, macho, mafiaA2, MilanA2, Mohammed, MombasaA2, paso doble, pasta, patioA2, PicassoA2, pilaff, Rachmaninoff, rallentandoA2, ravioliA2 , regattaA2, SlovakA2, squacco, Sri LankaA2, Uganda, Vasco da Gama, Vivaldi, wigwam
/ɑː//eɪ/charade, cicadaA2, galaAB2,[nb 29] grave (accent)A2, pralineB2,[52] tomatoA2, stratumB2[nb 30][7]
/eɪ//ɑː/swathe
/æ//eɪ/basilA2 (plant), canineB2, granary, (im)placable, macronA2, pal(a)eo-, patronise/-izeA2, (com/un)patriot(ic)B2, (ex/re)patriate/-ationB2, phalanxA2, plaitA2, Sabine, satrapA2, satyrA2[7]
/eɪ//æ/apparatusA2, apricotA2, comrade, dahliaA2, digitalisA2, gratisB2, patentB2, rabid, statusA2[7]
/æ//ɒ/twatB2
/ɒ//æ/quagmireB2,[53] scallopB2, wrath[nb 31]
/ɔː//oʊ/porousA2
/oʊ//ɔː, ɒ/wontA2
/ɔː//ɑː/schmaltz(y)A2
/æ//ɔː/asphalt
/ɒ//ɔː/Excluding words changed by the lot-cloth split: alcohol, atoll, gnocchi, oratory, parasol, sausage[54]
/ɔː//ɒ/leprechaun[55]
/ɔː//ʊ/courgette[nb 32], your
/ɔː(l)//æl/falconA2[nb 33][7][56]
/iː//ɛ/Aesculapius, Aeschylus, (a)esthete/-ticB2,[57] an(a)esthetist/-ize, amenityB2,[58] besti(al/ary), breveA2, D(a)edalus, ecumenicalB2, epochalB2,[59] eraA2, esotericB2,[60] h(a)emo-, Hephaestus, hygienicA2,[nb 34] hysteriaA2, KenyaB2, lever(age)A2, methaneB2, OedipusA2, (o)estrogenB2,[61] (o)estrusB2,[62] p(a)edophile, penalizeA2, Ph(a)edrus, predecessorA2, predilectionA2, pyrethrinA2, qu(a)estor, schizophreniaA2, senileA2, (bi/quin/quarter)centenaryB2
/ɛ//iː/crematoriumA2, cretin, depotA2, eco-B2, fetidB2, hedonism/-ist(ic), leisureA2, presentationA2, reconnoit(re/er)A2, zebraB2
/iː//eɪ/beta, eta, gazebo, heinousB2, quayA2, reparteeA2, theta, zeta
/eɪ//iː/Haggai,[63] HeleneA2, IsraelA2
/ɛ//eɪ/ateB2, mêléeA2,[7] presa
/eɪ//ɛ/again(st)B2, nonpareil[7]
/ɒ//ʌ/hoverA2, want(ed). Also the strong forms of these function words: (every/some/no/any)bodyA2, from, of, Somme, was, whatA2
/ʌ//ɒ/accompliceB2,[64] accomplishB2,[65] colanderB2, conjureA2, constableB2, monetaryA2, -mongerA2
/ɒ//oʊ/adios, Aeroflot, ayatollah, Barbados, baroqueB2,[66] BoccheriniA2, Bogota, calvados, Chopin, cognacA2, compost, doldrumsA2, grossoA2, ErosA2, homo-B2, Interpol, logos (singular)A2, Lod, olfactoryA2, Pinocchio, pogrom, polkaB2, produce (noun)A2, professorial, prophy-(lactic/laxis), protegeB2,[67] ProvencalA2, realpolitik, Rosh HashanahA2, sconeB2, shone, solsticeA2, sojourn, Sonia,[68] TolstoyA2, trollB2, yogurtB2[69]
/oʊ//ɒ/Adonis, codicilB2[70] codifyA2, goffer, ogleA2, process (noun)A2, projectB2(noun), slothA2, trothA2, wrothB2
/ɪ//aɪ/dynasty, hibiscus, housewifery,[59] idyll, italicA2, pipette, privacyB2,[71] simultaneousA2, sinecure, tinnitus, tricolo(u)rB2,[72] trimester, Tyrolean, vitaminB2. See also -ine.
/aɪ//ɪ/butylB2, cyclic(al)B2, doctrinal, finance/-ialAB2, forsythia, -isation/-izationA2, kinesis/-tic, Minotaur, primer (schoolbook), Pythagoras, subsidence/-ent, symbiosis/-ticB2, synapseB2, umbilicalB2, urinal. See also -ine.[7]
/aɪ//eɪ/Isaiah
/aɪ//iː/(n)eitherAB2,[nb 35] Pleiades, via. See also -ine.
/iː//aɪ/albino, geyser, migraineB2. Also the prefixes anti-A2, multi-A2, semi-A2 in loose compounds (e.g. in anti-establishment, but not in antibody). See also -ine.
/iː//ɪ/beenB2,[73] cliqueA2, creekA2, invalid (noun), prima
/ɪ//iː/aphrodisiac, bulimia, memorabilia, pi(t)taB2, prestigious
/ɛ//ɑː/enclave, envoi/-voy
/æ//ɛ/femme fataleA2, pall-mallA2[nb 36][7]
/aʊ//uː/nousA2
/ʊ//ɪ/kümmel
/ʊ//uː/BuddhaA2, cuckoo, guru
/uː//ʊ/boulevard[74], boogie-woogie, hoofA2, roofAB2, rootA2, snooker, woofA2 (weaving)
/uː//ə/ferrule
/ʊr//ɜːr/courierA2
/ʊ/ or /uː//ʌ/brusqueB2
/ə//ʌ/surplus
/ʌ//ə/dandruff
/ʌ//uː/felucca
/uː//aʊ/(re)route(r)A2[nb 37][75]
/oʊ//uː/broochA2, provenB2
/uː//oʊ/cantaloup(e)
/ʌ//oʊ/plover
/oʊ//aʊ/MoscowA2
/ər//ɑːr/MadagascarA2
/ər//ɜːr/chauffeur
/ɑːr//ɜːr/Berkeley, Berkshire, Cherwell, clerk, derby, Hertford(shire). (The only AmE word with ⟨er⟩ = /ɑːr/ is sergeant.)
/ɜːr//ɛər/errA2
/ɛr//ɜːr/deterrentA2
/ɛr//ɪər/inherent
/ɪər//ɪər/ or /ɛr/coherent
/ɪr//ɜːr/chirrupA2, squirrel, stirrupA2, syrupA2
/ɔːr//ər/acornA2,[76] record (noun)
/ər//ɔːr/metaphor
/ə//ɒ/Amazon, anacoluthon, automaton, Avon, capon, crampon, crayon, hexagon, Lebanon, lexicon, marathon, (m)ascot, melancholy,[77] myrmidon, octagon, Oregon, pantechnicon, paragon, Parthenon, pentagon, phenomenon, polygon, pylon, pythonA2, Rubicon, saffron, silicon
/ɒ//ə/Aesop, Amos, condom, despot, Enoch, ingot, mosquito, sombrero
/ɒ//ɛ/roentgen, Stendhal
/ə//ɛ/nonsense
/ɛ//ə/congress, Kentucky
/ɛ//ə/parallelepiped[78]
/ɛ//ɪ/manageress, spinet
/ɪ//ɛ/despicable
/ɪ//ə/impetigo, vehicleA2
/ə//æ/applique, baboon, bassoon, Capri, fastidiousB2, nasturtium, papoose, platoon, raccoon, taboo, tattoo, trapeze
/ə//eɪ/-ative, Azores, DraconianA2, grimace, hurricaneB2, satanic
/eɪ//ə/entrails, magistrate, portrait, template[79]
/ə//oʊ/anchovy, boroughA2, probation, procedure, prohibit, proliferate, prolific, Prometheus, prophetic, propinquity, prorogation, protest (verb), protract, protrude, protuberance/-ant, thoroughA2, varicose, also place names such as EdinburghA2 and surnames ending in -stone, e.g. Johnstone (see also -ory and -mony)
/oʊ//ə/kimono
/juː//uː/Excluding words altered by the yod-dropping phenomenon: barracuda, pumaA2
/uː//juː/couponA2, fuchsine, HoustonB2
/juː//w/conduit, iguanaB2,[80] jaguar, NicaraguaB2
/ər//jər/figureA2 for the verb
/ʊ//jʊ/eruditeA2,[81] purulent, virulenceB2
/jʊ//ʊ/duress, Honduras, résuméA2[82]
/ɑː//ə/charivari
/ɑː//ət/nougat[nb 38]
/eɪ//ət/sorbet,[nb 39] tourniquet
/ət//eɪ/fillet
/oʊ//ɒt/HuguenotA2
/ɜːr//ʊər/connoisseurA2, entrepreneurA2, masseur
/ʊər//ɜːr/tournamentA2
/ɜːrz//uːs/Betelgeuse, chanteuse, chartreuseA2, masseuse
/z//s/AussieA2, blouse (noun), blouson, complaisantA2, crescentB2, dextrose, diagnoseA2, erase, fuselageA2, mimosa, parse, ruseA2, talisman, treatise, valise, venisonB2, visaA2[83]
/s//z/asthma, chromosomeA2
/ts//z/piazzaA2, schnauzer, terrazzo
/ð//θ/bequeath, boothB2, loath(ful/ly/some)A2, smithyA2, withA2
/ɡ//dʒ/Elgin, hegemony
/ʃ//ʒ/AsiaB2, cashmere, PersiaB2, (as/dis)persionA2, (ex/in)cursionB2, (im/sub)mersion, (a/con/di/in/per/re)versionA2
/dʒ//tʃ/sandwichB2,[84] spinachB2
/tʃ//dʒ/Chou (en Lai)
/tʃ//ʃ/braggadocio
/ʃ//tʃ/chassis
/si//ʃ/cassiaA2, CassiusA2, DionysiusA2,[85] hessian, Lucius, Theodosius
/zi/ or /si//ʃ/nauseaA2, transientA2
/zi//ʒ/artesian, Elysian, Frisian, Frasier, glazier, grazier, hosiery, Indonesia, Malaysia, Parisian, Polynesia, Rabelaisian
/di//dʒi/cordial(ity)
/ti//tʃi/besti(al/ary), celestial[86]
/tɪ//ʃ/consortiumB2,[87] otiose, ratiocinate, sentientB2[88]
/ʃ//sk/scheduleB2[89]
/t//d/TaoismA2
/t//θ/AnthonyAB2
/kw//k/conquistador
/k//kw/questionnaireB2
/f/ or /v//f/nephewB2 (The old English pronunciation with /v/ has to a large extent been replaced by /f/ due to the spelling latinization of Middle English "neveu". The preference breakdown in BrE is /f/ 79%, /v/ 21%.)[90]
(sounded)(silent)bona fideA2, chthonicB2,[59][91] coupe[nb 40], diaper, herbA2,[92] KnossosB2,[93] phthisisB2, salveA2,[94] solder, (un)toward(s)A2(prep.),B2, vaudeville
(silent)(sounded)geography/-metry, medicineB2, SingaporeB2, Singhalese, suggestA2,[7] trait, Warwick. See also -ary -ery -ory -bury, -berry.

    Multiple differences

    Spelling BrE IPA AmE IPA Notes
    advertisement /ədˈvɜːrtɪsmənt/ /ˌædvərˈtaɪzmənt/ Older Americans may use the British pronunciation, and some British dialects use the American pronunciation.
    agent provocateur /ˌæʒɒ̃ prəˌvɒkəˈtɜːr/ /ˌɑːʒɒ̃ proʊˌvɒkəˈtʊər/  
    amateur (1) /ˈæmətər/
    (2) /ˌæməˈtɜːr/    		 (1) /ˈæmətʃər/
    (2) /ˈæməˌtjʊər/    		  
    amortise/amortize /əˈmɔːrtaɪz/ /ˈæmərtaɪz/ BrE uses two spellings & pronounced /əˈmɔːrtaɪz/. In AmE the word is usually spelled amortize & pronounced /ˈæmərˌtaɪz/.
    amphitheater/amphitheatre /ˈæmfɪˌθiːətər/ /ˈæmfəˌθiːtər/ BrE is spelled amphitheatre & pronounced /ˈæmfɪˌθiːətər/. In AmE the word is usually spelled amphitheater & pronounced /ˈæmfəˌθiːtər/.
    avoirdupois /ˌævwɑːrdjuːˈpwɑː/ /ˌævərdəˈpɔɪz/  
    banal /bəˈnɑːl/ /ˈbeɪnəl/  
    basalt /ˈbæsɔːlt/ (1) /bəˈsɔːlt/
    (2) /ˈbeɪsɔːlt/    		  
    bitumen /ˈbɪtjʊmɪn/ /baɪˈtjuːmən/  
    boehmite (1) /ˈbɜːrmaɪt/
    (2) /ˈboʊmaɪt/    		 (1) /ˈbeɪmaɪt/
    (2) /ˈboʊmaɪt/    		 The first pronunciations approximate German [øː] (spelled ⟨ö⟩ or ⟨oe⟩); the second ones are anglicized.
    bolognaise/bolognese /ˌbɒləˈneɪz/ /ˌboʊlənˈjeɪz/ BrE uses two spellings & pronounced /ˌbɒləˈneɪz/. In AmE the word is usually spelled bolognese & pronounced /ˌboʊlənˈjeɪz/.  
    bouquet (1) /buːˈkeɪ/
    (2) /ˈbuːkeɪ/    		 (1) /boʊˈkeɪ/
    (2) /buːˈkeɪ/    		  
    boyar (1) /ˈbɔɪɑːr/
    (2) /boʊˈjɑːr/    		 (1) /boʊˈjɑːr/
    (2) /ˈbɔɪ.ər/    		  
    buoyA2 /ˈbɔɪ/ /ˈbuːi/ The British pronunciation occurs in America more commonly for the verb than the noun; still more in derivatives buoyant, buoyancy.
    canton /kænˈtuːn/ (1) /kænˈtɒn/
    (2) /kænˈtoʊn/    		 difference is only in military sense "to quarter soldiers"
    other senses can have stress on either syllable in both countries.
    capillary /kəˈpɪləri/ /ˈkæpəlɛri/  
    caramelA2 /ˈkærəməl/ /ˈkɑːrməl/  
    Caribbean /ˌkærɪˈbiːən/ /kəˈrɪbiən/ Some Americans use the British pronunciation, whereas some British dialects use the American pronunciation.
    cervicalB2 /sərˈvaɪkəl/ /ˈsɜːrvɪkəl/
    cheong sam /ˈtʃɒŋˈsæm/ /tʃeɪˈɔːŋˈsɑːm/  
    clientele /ˌkliːɒnˈtɛl/ /ˌklaɪənˈtɛl/  
    combatant /ˈkɒmbətənt/ /kəmˈbætənt/  
    combativeAB2 (1) /ˈkɒmbətɪv/
    (2) /ˈkʌmbətɪv/    		 /kəmˈbætɪv/  
    communalB2 /ˈkɒmjʊnəl/ /kəˈmjuːnəl/  
    composite /ˈkɒmpəzɪt/ /kəmˈpɒzɪt/  
    corral /kɒˈrɑːl/ /kəˈræl/  
    cosmosA2[95] /ˈkɒzmɒs/ (1) /ˈkɒzməs/
    (2) /ˈkɒzmoʊs/    		  
    dachshund /ˈdæksənd/ /ˈdɑːkshʊnd/  
    Dante /ˈdænti/ /ˈdɑːnteɪ/  
    dilettante (1) /ˌdɪlɪˈtænti/
    (2) /ˌdɪlɪˈtænteɪ/    		 (1) /ˈdɪlətɑːnt/
    (2) /ˌdɪləˈtɑːnt/    		 BrE reflects the word's Italian origin; AmE approximates more to French.  
    divisiveA2 /ˈdɪˈvaɪsɪv/ /ˈdɪˈvɪzɪv/  
    docile /ˈdoʊsaɪl/ /ˈdɒsəl/  
    Don Quixote /ˈdɒn ˈkwɪksət/ /ˌdɒn kiˈhoʊteɪ/ Compare to Spanish [doŋ kiˈxote]
    enquiry/inquiryA2 (1) /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/
    (2) /ɪŋˈkwaɪəri/    		 (1) /ˈɪnkwəri/
    (2) /ˈɪŋkwəri/    		 BrE uses two spellings, pronounced /ɪnˈkwaɪəri/ and /ɪŋˈkwaɪəri/. In AmE the word is usually spelled inquiry, pronounced /ˈɪnkwəri/ and /ˈɪŋkwəri/.
    epochA2 /ˈiːpɒk/ /ˈɛpək/  
    ethosA2 /ˈiːθɒs/ /ˈɛθoʊs/  
    expletiveB2 /ɪkˈspliːtɪv/ /ˈɛksplətɪv/  
    febrileA2[96] /ˈfiːbraɪl/ (1) /ˈfɛbriːl/
    (2) /ˈfɛbrəl/    		 The BrE pronunciation occurs in AmE
    foreheadAB2 /ˈfɒrɪd/ /ˈfɔːrˌhɛd/  
    fracas /ˈfrækɑː/ (1) /ˈfreɪkəs/
    (2) /ˈfrækəs/
    (3) /frəˈkɑː/    		 The BrE plural is French fracas /ˈfrækɑːz/. For AmE examples (1) and (2), the plural is anglicized fracases
    fusillade /ˌfjuːzɪˈleɪd/ /ˌfjuːsəˈlɑːd/  
    Galapagos /ɡəˈlæpəɡɒs/ /ɡəˈlɑːpəɡoʊs/  
    glacier (1) /ˈɡlæsiər/
    (2) /ˈɡleɪsiər/    		 /ˈɡleɪʃər/  
    harem (1) /ˈhɑːriːm/
    (2) /hɑːˈriːm/    		 (1) /ˈhɛrəm/
    (2) /ˈhærəm/    		  
    holocaustA2 /ˈhɒləkɔːst/ (1) /ˈhoʊləkɔːst/
    (2) /ˈhɔːləkɔːst/    		  
    impasse (1) /æmˈpɑːs/
    (2) /ˈæmpɑːs/    		 (1) /ˈɪmpæs/
    (2) /ɪmˈpæs/    		 The BrE pronunciations are more true to the French.
    IranA2 /ɪˈrɑːn/ /aɪˈræn/  
    IraqA2 /ɪˈrɑːk/ /aɪˈræk/  
    jalousie (1) /ˌʒælʊˈziː/
    (2) /ˈʒælʊziː/    		 /ˈdʒæləsi/  
    junta /ˈdʒʌntə/ /ˈhʊntə/  
    kudos /ˈkjuːdɒs/ /ˈkuːdoʊs/  
    lapsang souchong /ˌlæpsæŋ suːˈʃɒŋ/ /ˌlɑːpsɑːŋ ˈsuːʃɒŋ/  
    lieutenant (1) /lɛfˈtɛnənt/
    (2) /ləˈtɛnənt/    		 /ljuːˈtɛnənt/ The 2nd British pronunciation is restricted to the Royal Navy. Standard Canadian and Australian pronunciation is the same as the British.
    lingerie /ˈlænʒəri/ /ˌlɒnʒəˈreɪ/ The original French pronunciation is [læ̃ʒ ʁi].
    liqueur /lɪˈkjʊər/ (1) /lɪˈkɜːr/
    (2) /lɪˈkʊər/    		  
    longitudeB2 /ˈlɒnɡɪˌtjuːd/ /ˈlɒndʒəˌtuːd/  
    Los AngelesB2 /lɒs ˈændʒɪliːz/ (1) /lɔːs ˈændʒələs/
    (2) /lɔːs ˈæŋɡələs/    		  
    lychee /laɪˈtʃiː/ /ˈliːtʃiː/ Spelling litchi has pronunciation /ˈlɪtʃiː/. The BrE pronunciation /laɪˈtʃiː/ also occurs in AmE, and the AmE pronunciation is common in BrE.
    majuscule /ˈmædʒəskjuːl/ /məˈdʒʌskjuːl/  
    mama[97] (1) /ˈmæmə/
    (2) /məˈmɑː/    		 /ˈmɑːmə/  
    metallurgy /mɛˈtælərdʒɪ/ /ˈmɛtəˌlɜːrdʒɪ/  
    methyl /ˈmiːθaɪl/ /ˈmɛθəl/  
    milieu (1) /ˈmiːljɜːr/
    (2) /miːlˈjɜːr/    		 (1) /miːlˈjuː/
    (2) /mɪlˈjuː/    		 The r is not normally sounded, even in rhotic British dialects.
    Molière /ˈmɒliɛər/ /moʊlˈjɛər/  
    moustache[98] /məˈstɑːʃ/ /ˈmʌstæʃ/  
    oblique /əˈbliːk/ /əˈblaɪk/ AmE is as BrE except in military sense "advance at an angle"
    nomenclatureAB2 /nəˈmɛŋklətʃər/ /ˈnoʊmənkleɪtʃər/  
    oregano /ˌɒrɪˈɡɑːnoʊ/ (1) /ɔːˈrɛɡənoʊ/
    (2) /əˈrɛɡənoʊ/    		  
    PakistanA2[99] /ˌpɑːkɪsˈtɑːn/ /ˈpækəstæn/
    pathosA2 /ˈpeɪθɒs/ /ˈpeɪθoʊs/  
    pedagogyB2 /ˈpɛdəɡɒɡi/ (1) /ˈpɛdəɡɒdʒi/
    (2) /ˈpɛdəɡoʊdʒi/    		  
    penchant /pɒ̃ˈʃɒ̃/ /ˈpɛntʃənt/ The AmE pronunciation is anglicized; the BrE is French.
    penult /pɛˈnʌlt/ (1) /ˈpiːnʌlt/
    (2) /pɪˈnʌlt/    		  
    phthisic[100] (1) /ˈ(f)θaɪsɪk/
    (2) /ˈtaɪsɪk/    		 (1) /ˈtɪzɪk/
    (2) /ˈθɪzɪk/    		  
    premature[101] (1)/ˈprɛmətʃər/
    (2) /ˈprɛmətjʊər/    		 (1)/ˌpriːməˈtʃʊər/
    (2) /ˌpriːməˈtʊər/    		  
    premierA2 (1) /ˈprɛmiər/
    (2) /ˈprɛmɪər/    		 (1) /prɪmˈɪər/
    (2) /ˈpriːmɪər/    		  
    première /ˈprɛmiɛər/ (1) /prɪmˈɪər/
    (2) /prɪmˈjɛər/    		  
    progress (1) /ˈproʊɡrɛs/
    (2) /proʊˈɡrɛs/    		 (1) /ˈprɒɡrɛs/
    (2) /prəˈɡrɛs/    		 In both British and American, the noun has stress on the first syllable.
    The verb has stress on the second syllable. Canadians follow the British pronunciation.
    provostA2[102] /ˈprɒvəst/ /ˈproʊvoʊst/
    quasi- /ˈkweɪzaɪ/ /ˈkwɑːzi/  
    quinine /ˈkwɪniːn/ (1) /ˈkwaɪnaɪn/
    (2) /ˈkwɪnaɪn/    		  
    resource (1) /rɪˈzɔːrs/
    (2) /rɪˈsɔːrs/    		 /ˈriːsɔːrs/  
    respiratory /rɪˈspɪrətəri/ /ˈrɛspərətɔːri/  
    respite /ˈrɛspaɪt/ (1) /ˈrɛspɪt/
    (2) /rəˈspaɪt/    		  
    reveille /rɪˈvæli/ /ˈrɛvəli/  
    Rioja /riˈɒkə/ /riˈoʊhɑː/  
    risotto /rɪˈzɒtoʊ/ (1) /rɪˈsɔːtoʊ/
    (2) /rɪˈsoʊtoʊ/    		  
    St. Bernard /sənt ˈbɜːrnərd/  /ˌseɪnt bərˈnɑːrd/  
    Schleswig-Holstein /ˈʃleɪzvɪɡ ˈhɒlstaɪn/ /ˈʃlɛswɪɡ ˈhoʊlstiːn/  
    shallot /ʃəˈlɒt/ /ˈʃælət/  
    Silesia (1) /saɪˈliːsiə/
    (2) /saɪˈliːziə/    		 (1) /sɪˈliːʃə/
    (2) /sɪˈliːʒə/    		  
    slough /slaʊ/ /slʌf/ sense "bog"; in metaphorical sense "gloom", the BrE pronunciation is common in AmE. Homograph "cast off skin" is /slʌf/ everywhere.  
    sonorous /ˈsɒnərəs/ /səˈnɔːrəs/  
    subalternA2 /ˈsʌbəltərn/ /ˈsəˈbɔːltərn/  
    timbale /tæmˈbɑːl/ /ˈtɪmbəl/  
    Tunisia /tjuːˈnɪziə/ (1) /tuːˈniːʒə/
    (2) /tuːˈniːʃə/    		  
    vaseA2[103][nb 41][104] /vɑːz/ (1) /veɪs/
    (2) /veɪz/    		  
    Yom Kippur /ˌjɒm ˈkɪpər/ (1) /ˌjɔːm kɪˈpʊər/
    (2) /ˌjoʊm kɪˈpʊər/    		  
    Z (the letter) /zɛd/ /ziː/ The spelling of this letter as a word corresponds to the pronunciation: thus Commonwealth (including, Canada) zed and U.S. zee.

    Notes

    1. ↑ For "dam (barrier)": AmE /ˈbɑːrɪdʒ/
    2. ↑ US: /bəˈreɪ/ ( listen), UK: /ˈbɛreɪ/
    3. ↑ AmE /buːˈfɑːnt/, BrE /ˈbuːfɒ̃/
    4. ↑ AmE /broʊˈʃʊər/ ( listen), BrE (1) /ˈbroʊʃər/ (2) /brɒˈʃʊər/
    5. ↑ BrE (1) /ˈbʊfeɪ/ (2) /ˈbʌfeɪ/
    6. ↑ BrE (1) /ˈdeɪbriː/ (2) /ˈdɛbriː/
    7. ↑ BrE /ˈflɒmbeɪ/
    8. ↑ BrE also /ˈɡærɪdʒ/, esp. for "petrol garage"/"gas station"[6]
    9. ↑ AmE /læˈmeɪ/, BrE /ˈlɑːmeɪ/
    10. ↑ AmE /pæˈstiːl/
    11. ↑ AmE /pɑːˈteɪ, pæ-/, BrE /ˈpæteɪ/
    12. ↑ AmE alsom /ˈsɔːrbɪt/
    13. ↑ BrE /ˈmɒneɪ/, AmE /moʊˈneɪ/, French: [mɔnɛ]
    14. ↑ French: [reno]
    15. ↑ French: [ʁɛ̃bo]
    16. ↑ BrE /fiˈɒnseɪ/
    17. ↑ The British variant is sometimes discouraged; see pronunciation note in reference.
    18. ↑ Only middle vowel reduced in the BrE pronunciations.
    19. ↑ The last vowel is often reduced in BrE. AmE only reduces the middle one.
    20. ↑ The British is typically /rɪˈneɪsəns/ and the American /ˈrɛnəsɑːns/ or even /rɛnəˈsɑːns/
    21. ↑ Also /ˌtɜːrdʒiˈvɜːrseɪt/
    22. ↑ BrE /dɪˈfɪsɪt/
    23. ↑ AmE (1) /ˈmɑːrʃmɛloʊ/ AmE (2) & BrE /mæloʊ/
    24. ↑ AmE /ˈmɪsəleɪni/
    25. ↑ AmE also /ˈdoʊ/
    26. ↑ AmE also /ˈsɛnaɪl/
    27. ↑ The 2007 update to the Oxford English Dictionary gives only /iːn/ for the British pronunciation of pristine.
    28. ↑ Although the British pronunciation is still heard in American English, it may be in declining usage, being increasingly seen as incorrect.
    29. ↑ AmE also /ˈɡælə/
    30. ↑ AmE also /ˈstrætʌm/
    31. ↑ BrE also /rɔːθ/ Scottish English /ræθ/
    32. ↑ BrE also /kʊərˈʒɛt/
    33. ↑ BrE also /ɒl/
    34. ↑ AmE also /ˌhaɪdʒiˈɛnɪk/
    35. ↑ This word is listed due to possible statistical preferences.
    36. ↑ AmE also /pɔːlˈmɔːl/
    37. ↑ In British English, the pronunciation /raʊt/ is a different word, spelt rout, meaning to defeat.
    38. ↑ BrE also /ˈnʌɡɪt/
    39. ↑ AmE also /sɔːrˈbeɪ/
    40. ↑ The British spelling is usually coupé.
    41. ↑ British variant used sometimes in American English

    References

    1. 1 2 "Unsourced words: Oxford Dictionary of English (BrE).)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    2. ↑ "brevet (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    3. ↑ "brochure (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    4. ↑ "buffet". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    5. ↑ "canard". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    6. ↑ Oxford English Dictionary, Second Edition
    7. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 "BrE pronunciation". Oxford Dictionaries.
    8. ↑ "soupçon". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    9. ↑ "Dijon (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    10. ↑ "Dumas (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    11. ↑ "Manet (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    12. ↑ "Monet (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    13. ↑ "Renault (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    14. ↑ "Rimbaud (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    15. ↑ "démodé (BrE)". Macmillan Dictionary. "démodé (AmE)". Macmillan Dictionary.
    16. ↑ "decade (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    17. ↑ "cremate (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    18. ↑ "striate (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    19. ↑ "vacate (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    20. ↑ "migratory". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    21. ↑ "vibratory". Oxford Dictionaries.
    22. ↑ "remonstrate (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    23. ↑ "tergiversate". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries. "tergiversate (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    24. ↑ "celebratory". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    25. ↑ "compensatory (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    26. ↑ "participatory". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    27. ↑ "regulatory (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    28. ↑ "laboratory". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries. "laboratory (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    29. ↑ "converse". Dictionary.com Unabridged/Collins English Dictionary. Retrieved 6 March 2018.
    30. ↑ "guffaw (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    31. ↑ "spreadeagled (BrE)". Cambridge Dictionaries.
    32. ↑ "obscurantism". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    33. ↑ "military (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    34. ↑ "inventory (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    35. ↑ "testimony". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    36. ↑ "innovative". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    37. ↑ "library". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    38. ↑ "primary". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    39. ↑ "rosemary". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    40. ↑ Hartwell, Patrick. (1980). "Dialect Interference in Writing: A Critical View". Research in the Teaching of English, 14(2), p. 103. Retrieved from https://www.jstor.org/stable/40170844
    41. ↑ "necessarily (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    42. ↑ "ductile (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    43. ↑ "utile (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    44. ↑ "projectile (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    45. ↑ "rutile (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    46. ↑ Boberg, Charles (2015). "North American English". In Reed, Marnie; Levis, John M. The Handbook of English Pronunciation. Wiley. pp. 229–250. doi:10.1002/9781118346952.ch13. ISBN 978-1-11831447-0.
    47. ↑ "labyrinthine (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    48. ↑ "Saint (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    49. ↑ "Changing Voices: Trap Bath Split". British Library. Retrieved 4 November 2014.
    50. ↑ "Nevada (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    51. ↑ "Kebab (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    52. ↑ "praline (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    53. ↑ "quagmire (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    54. ↑ "sausage (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    55. ↑ "leprechaun (AmE)". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
    56. ↑ "falcon (AmE)". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
    57. ↑ "aesthete (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    58. ↑ "amenity (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    59. 1 2 3 Brown, Lesley. The New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary. Oxford University Press.
    60. ↑ "esoteric (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    61. ↑ "oestrogen (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    62. ↑ "oestrus (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    63. ↑ "Haggai (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    64. ↑ "accomplice (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    65. ↑ "accomplish (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    66. ↑ "baroque (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    67. ↑ "protege (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    68. ↑ Wells 2000
    69. ↑ "yoghurt (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    70. ↑ "codicil (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    71. ↑ "privacy (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    72. ↑ "tricolour (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    73. ↑ "been (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    74. ↑ "boulevard". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 25 January 2017.
    75. ↑ "route (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    76. ↑ "acorn". Merriam-Webster.
    77. ↑ "melancholy (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    78. ↑ "parallelepiped (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    79. ↑ "template (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    80. ↑ OED entry
    81. ↑ "erudite (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    82. ↑ "résumé (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    83. ↑ "visa (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.
    84. ↑ "sandwich (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    85. ↑ "Dionysius (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    86. ↑ "celestial (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    87. ↑ "consortium (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    88. ↑ "sentient (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com. "sentient (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    89. ↑ Jones, Daniel (1991). English Pronouncing Dictionary. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 9780521425865.
    90. ↑ Wells, John C. (1990). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. Longman.
    91. ↑ "chthonic (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    92. ↑ "herb (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    93. ↑ "Knossos (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    94. ↑ "salve (AmE)". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 20 April 2017.
    95. ↑ "cosmos (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    96. ↑ "febrile (AmE)". Merriam-Webster. "febrile (AmE)". Macmillan Dictionary.
    97. ↑ "mama (BrE)". Oxford Dictionaries.
    98. ↑ "moustache". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    99. ↑ "Pakistan (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    100. ↑ "phthisic (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    101. ↑ "premature". Oxford Learner's Dictionaries.
    102. ↑ "provost (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    103. ↑ "vase (main AmE, Collins BrE)". Dictionary.com.
    104. ↑ "vase (AmE)". Merriam-Webster.

    Further reading

    • Kenyon, J.S.; T. Knott (1953). A Pronouncing Dictionary of American English. Merriam-Webster. ISBN 978-0-87779-047-1.
    • Lewis, J. Windsor (1972). A Concise Pronouncing Dictionary of British and American English. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-431123 6.
    • Jones, Daniel (2011). P. Roach; J. Esling; J. Setter, eds. Cambridge English Pronouncing Dictionary (18th Edition). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-15255-6.
    • Upton, C.; Kretschmar, W.; Konopka, R. (2001). The Oxford Dictionary of Pronunciation for Current English. Oxford University Press. ISBN 0-19-863156-1.
    • Wells, John C. (2000). Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. 2nd ed. Longman. ISBN 0-582-36468-X.
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