American Theatre Wing

American Theatre Wing lapel pin

The American Theatre Wing, "the Wing" for short, is a New York City-based organization "dedicated to supporting excellence and education in theatre," according to its mission statement. Originally known as the Stage Women's War Relief during World War I, it later became a part of the World War II Allied Relief Fund under its current name. The ATW created and sponsors the Tony Awards in theatrical arts.

Background

Founding members of Stage Women's War Relief. From left to right: Mary Kirkpatrick, Dorothy Donnelly, Jessie Bonstelle, Rachel Crothers, Elizabeth Tyree, May Budeley, and Eleanor Gates.

Stage Women's War Relief

Stage Women's War Relief was founded in 1917 to organize charitable giving in support of the war effort.[1] Its founders, led by playwright and director Rachel Crothers, included the actress and playwright Louise Closser Hale and actresses Dorothy Donnelly, Josephine Hull, Minnie Dupree, Elizabeth Tyree and Louise Drew. The organization established workrooms for sewing uniforms and other garments (with total output totaling 1,863,645 articles), set up clothing and food collection centers, sold Liberty Bonds, and opened a canteen on Broadway for servicemen.[2] It also presented benefit performances to raise money, including some held in a temporary "Liberty Theater" built outside the New York Public Library.[3] In total, the group raised nearly $7,000,000 for the war effort.[4]

The American Theatre Wing of the Allied War Relief

Servicemen enjoying a performance at the New York City Stage Door Canteen in 1942.

At the beginning of World War II in 1939, Crothers reestablished the Stage Women's War Relief as a branch of the British War Relief Society.[2] The revived organization's members included Mary Antoinette "Toni" Perry, Helen Hayes, Lynn Fontaine, and Tallulah Bankhead. They began fundraising and organizing clothing donations for European refugees. In 1941, with the entry of the United States into the war, the organization was renamed The American Theatre Wing of the Allied War Relief and shifted its focus to the American war effort.[5]

Stage Door Canteen

Under the leadership of Perry and Crothers, the Wing opened the Stage Door Canteen to entertain American servicemen in New York.[6] The first canteen was in the basement of the 44th Street Theatre, and similar entertainment and dining venues were established in Los Angeles, Boston, Washington DC, Philadelphia, Cleveland, Newark, and San Francisco, as well as abroad in London and Paris. In the US canteens, servicewomen were denied entry, although this was not the case in the European locations.[5]

Lauren Bacall worked as a hostess in the New York Stage Door Canteen, and later recalled seeing Alfred Lunt and Lynn Fontaine washing dishes and serving coffee there. The Andrews Sisters were frequent performers. The Stage Door Canteen made its way into national popular culture with a 1942 weekly radio show and a 1943 movie called Stage Door Canteen.[5]

The American Theatre Wing, post-World War II – present

After World War II, the Wing founded "The Community Players" to assist war veterans and their families on their return home. Co-chaired of the Community Players was Katharine Cornell, who was active on the Stage Door Canteen.

With the close of the war, the Wing concentrated on holding seminars about American theater, and on funding numerous scholarship grants. It sponsored the First American Congress of Theatre (FACT) in 1947, but it is best known in contemporary times for having created, in the same year, "The American Theatre Wing's Antoinette Perry Awards for Excellence in Theatre," or "Tony Awards" for short, which it still sponsors and which awards were themselves named for Perry, its co-founder and wartime chair, who had died in 1946.

The initial presentation of the Wing's Tony Awards program on radio and television was broadcast only locally in New York City. In 1967, it partnered with the League of American Theatres and Producers, now called The Broadway League, to present them on nationwide network television.

From 1965 to 1998, Isabelle Stevenson was the President of the ATW. After retiring, she served as chairwoman of the board of directors until her death in 2003. A special non-competitive Tony Award, for humanitarian or charitable work, is named in her honor, and is called "The Isabelle Stevenson Award."[7] It is Tony's equivalent to the Motion Picture Academy's Jean Hersholt Humanitarian Award.

Sondra Gilman succeeded Stevenson as chair and Doug Leeds served as president from 2004-2008. When they completed their four-year terms, Theodore S. (Ted) Chapin assumed both roles from 2008 to 2012.[8] In 2012, Tony Award-winning costume designer William Ivey Long became chair of the board until 2016 when current board chair Pulitzer Prize winning playwright David Henry Hwang assumed his duties.[9] Angela Lansbury currently serves as honorary chairman and Heather A. Hitchens is President and CEO of the American Theatre Wing.[10]

Besides the Tonys, ATW operates an array of programs to support its goals, including:

  • The long-running "Working In The Theatre" series of televised seminars with top practitioners in the field;
  • A free audio and video archive of theatrical seminars and discussions on the American Theatre Wing YouTube channel;
  • The Jonathan Larson Grants, supporting emerging creators of Musical Theatre
  • National Theatre Company Grants, aiding theatre companies and organizations who have articulated a distinctive mission, cultivated an audience, and nurtured a community of artists in ways that strengthen the quality, diversity, and dynamism of American theatre.
  • SpringboardNYC, a college to career bootcamp for actors
  • The Theatre Intern Network; a social and professional networking organization for Theatre Interns in New York City

References

  1. ↑ Fisher, James; Londré, Felicia Hardison (2017-11-22). Historical Dictionary of American Theater: Modernism. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 624. ISBN 9781538107867.
  2. 1 2 McLamore, Alyson (2016-09-16). Musical Theater: An Appreciation. Routledge. ISBN 9781317346333.
  3. ↑ Fitzpatrick, Kevin C. (2017-04-20). World War I New York: A Guide to the City's Enduring Ties to The Great War. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 25. ISBN 9781493028047.
  4. ↑ "Our History". American Theatre Wing. Archived from the original on 2014-04-22. Retrieved 2014-04-21.
  5. 1 2 3 Yellin, Emily (2010-05-11). Our Mothers' War: American Women at Home and at the Front During World War II. Simon and Schuster. pp. 82–83. ISBN 9781439103586.
  6. ↑ Stevenson, Isabelle; Somlyo, Roy A. (March 20, 2001). The Tony Award: A Complete Listing of Winners and Nominees of the American Theatre Wing's Tony Award with a History of the American Theatre Wing. History Ink Books. pp. xi–xii. ISBN 978-0325002941.
  7. ↑ Nemy, Enid "Isabelle Stevenson, Doyenne of the Tony Awards, Dies at 90" The New York Times. December 30, 2003.
  8. ↑ Hetrick, Adam (June 30, 2008). "Ted Chapin Named American Theatre Wing Board Chairman". Playbill. Retrieved 2017-08-23.
  9. ↑ "Tony-Award Winning Playwright David Henry Hwang to succeed William Ivey Long as new chair of The American Theatre Wing" (PDF) (Press release). American Theatre Wing. June 28, 2016. Retrieved 2017-08-23.
  10. ↑ Macfarlane, Steve (September 16, 2014). "Angela Lansbury Jokes and Forgets Her Age at American Theatre Wing Gala". Variety. Retrieved 2017-08-23.
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