Accelerationism

In political and social theory, accelerationism is the idea that either the prevailing system of capitalism, or certain technosocial processes that have historically characterised it, should be expanded, repurposed, or accelerated in order to generate radical social change. Some contemporary accelerationist philosophy takes as its starting point the Deleuzo-Guattarian theory of deterritorialisation, aiming to identify, deepen, and radicalise the forces of deterritorialisation with a view to overcoming the countervailing tendencies that suppress the possibility of far-reaching social transformation.[1] Accelerationism may also refer more broadly, and usually pejoratively, to support for the deepening of capitalism in the belief that this will hasten its self-destructive tendencies and ultimately lead to its collapse.[2][3]

Accelerationist theory has been divided into mutually contradictory left-wing and right-wing variants. "Left-accelerationism" attempts to press "the process of technological evolution" beyond the constrictive horizon of capitalism, for example by repurposing modern technology for socially beneficial and emancipatory ends; "right-accelerationism" supports the indefinite intensification of capitalism itself, possibly in order to bring about a technological singularity.[4][5][6]

Background

A number of philosophers have expressed apparently accelerationist attitudes, including Karl Marx in his 1848 speech "On the Question of Free Trade":

But, in general, the protective system of our day is conservative, while the free trade system is destructive. It breaks up old nationalities and pushes the antagonism of the proletariat and the bourgeoisie to the extreme point. In a word, the free trade system hastens the social revolution. It is in this revolutionary sense alone, gentlemen, that I vote in favor of free trade.[7]

In a similar vein, Friedrich Nietzsche argued that "the leveling process of European man is the great process which should not be checked: one should even accelerate it...",[8] a statement often simplified, following Deleuze and Guattari, to a command to "accelerate the process".[9]

Contemporary accelerationism

Prominent theorists include right-accelerationist Nick Land.[10] The Cybernetic Culture Research Unit (CCRU), an unofficial research unit at the University of Warwick from 1995–2003,[11] of which Land was a member, is considered a key progenitor in both left- and right-accelerationist thought.[12] Prominent contemporary left-accelerationists include Nick Srnicek and Alex Williams, authors of the "Manifesto for an Accelerationist Politics",[13] and the Laboria Cuboniks collective, who authored the manifesto "Xenofeminism: A Politics for Alienation".[14]

Along accelerationist lines, Paul Mason, in works such as PostCapitalism: A Guide to our Future, has tried to speculate about futures after capitalism. He declares that "[a]s with the end of feudalism 500 years ago, capitalism’s replacement by postcapitalism will be accelerated by external shocks and shaped by the emergence of a new kind of human being. And it has started." He considers that the rise of collaborative production will eventually help capitalism to kill itself.

Focusing on how information technology infrastructures undermine modern political geographies, and proposing an open-ended "design brief", Benjamin H. Bratton's book The Stack: On Software and Sovereignty is associated with accelerationism. Tiziana Terranova's "Red Stack Attack!"[15] links Bratton's stack model and left accelerationism.

References

  1. ↑ Wolfendale, Peter (2014). "So, Accelerationism, what's all that about?". Dialectical Insurgency. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  2. ↑ Shaviro, Steven (2010). Post Cinematic Affect. Ropley: O Books. p. 136.
  3. ↑ Adams, Jason (2013). Occupy Time: Technoculture, Immediacy, and Resistance After Occupy Wall Street. New York: Palgrave Macmillan. p. 96.
  4. ↑ Jiménez de Cisneros, Roc (5 November 2014). "The Accelerationist Vertigo (II): Interview with Robin Mackay". Centre de Cultura Contemporània de Barcelona. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  5. ↑ Williams, Alex; Srnicek, Nick (14 May 2013). "#ACCELERATE MANIFESTO for an Accelerationist Politics". Critical Legal Thinking. Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  6. ↑ Land, Nick (13 February 2014). "#Accelerate". Urban Future (2.1). Retrieved 5 February 2015.
  7. ↑ Marx, Karl, On the question of free trade, Speech to the Democratic Association of Brussels, 9 January 1848.
  8. ↑ Quoted in Strong, Tracy (1988). Friedrich Nietzsche and the Politics of Transfiguration. Berkeley: University of California Press. p. 211. Original in The Will to Power §898.
  9. ↑ Deleuze, Gilles; Guattari, Félix (2004). Anti-Oedipus. London: Continuum. p. 260.
  10. ↑ "A Quick-and-Dirty Introduction to Accelerationism". Jacobite Magazine. Retrieved 2018-02-20.
  11. ↑ "CCRU". V2_Institute for the Unstable Media. Retrieved 2015-10-09.
  12. ↑ Schwarz, Jonas Andersson (2013). Online File Sharing: Innovations in Media Consumption. New York: Routledge. pp. 20–21.
  13. ↑ "#ACCELERATE MANIFESTO for an Accelerationist Politics". Critical Legal Thinking. Retrieved 2015-10-09.
  14. ↑ "After Accelerationism: The Xenofeminist manifesto". &&& Journal. Retrieved 2015-10-09.
  15. ↑ "Red Stack Attack! Algorithms, Capital and the Automation of the Common | EuroNomade". www.euronomade.info (in Italian). Retrieved 2017-02-09.

Further reading

Books

  • Land, Nick (2011). Brassier, Ray; Mackay, Robin, eds. Fanged Noumena. Urbanomic. ISBN 9780955308789.
  • Mackay, Robin, ed. (2014). #ACCELERATE: The Accelerationist Reader. Urbanomic. ISBN 9780957529557.
  • Noys, Benjamin (2013). Malign Velocities: Accelerationism and Capitalism. Zero Books. ISBN 9781782793007.
  • Srnicek, Nick; Williams, Alex (2015). Inventing the Future. Postcapitalism and a World without Work. Verso Books. ISBN 9781784780982

Articles

  • Brassier, Ray (13 February 2014). "Wandering Abstraction". Mute.
  • Brennan, Eugene (12 August 2013). ""Debate is Idiot Distraction": Accelerationism and the Politics of the Internet". 3:AM Magazine.
  • Land, Nick."Meltdown". Archived from the original on 2012-04-08. Retrieved 2013-12-10. .
  • Moreno, Gean (2012). "Notes on the Inorganic, Part I: Accelerations". E-flux.
  • Negri, Antonio (2014). Translated by Matteo Pasquinelli. "Reflections on the "Manifesto for an Accelerationist Politics"". E-flux. Archived from the original on 2015-02-05. Retrieved 2015-02-05.
  • Pasquinelli, Matteo (9 June 2014). "The Labour of Abstraction: Theses on Marxism and Accelerationism".
  • Power, Nina (2015). "Decapitalism, Left Scarcity, and the State". Fillip.
  • Wark, McKenzie (2013). "#Celerity: A Critique of the Manifesto for an Accelerationist Politics" (PDF).
  • Williams, Alex; Srnicek, Nick (14 May 2013). "#ACCELERATE MANIFESTO for an Accelerationist Politics". Critical Legal Thinking.
  • Wolfendale, Peter (2014). "So, Accelerationism, what's all that about?". Dialectical Insurgency.
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