1294 Antwerpia

1294 Antwerpia
Discovery [1]
Discovered by E. Delporte
Discovery site Uccle Obs.
Discovery date 24 October 1933
Designations
MPC designation (1294) Antwerpia
Named after
 Antwerp (Belgian city)[2]
1933 UB1 · 1930 AF
1932 LC · 1964 VA2
1964 XF · A917 DB
main-belt · (middle) [3]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 99.63 yr (36,391 days)
Aphelion 3.3156 AU
Perihelion 2.0572 AU
2.6864 AU
Eccentricity 0.2342
4.40 yr (1,608 days)
16.166°
0° 13m 25.68s / day
Inclination 8.7271°
81.133°
313.22°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 27.82±7.33 km[4]
34.40 km (derived)[3]
34.71±3.0 km[5]
34.80±0.66 km[6]
37.199±0.134 km[7]
40.717±0.350 km[8]
6.618 h (very poor)[9]
6.620±0.005 h[10][lower-alpha 1]
6.623±0.001 h[11]
6.624±0.0030 h[12]
6.625±0.001 h[13]
6.62521±0.00001 h[14]
6.63±0.01 h[15]
0.0783 (derived)[3]
0.0887±0.0283[8]
0.10±0.09[4]
0.117±0.024[7]
0.1220±0.024[5]
0.125±0.005[6]
SMASS = C [1][3]
10.20[5][6][8] · 10.549±0.003 (R)[12] · 10.60[4] · 10.7[1][3] · 10.85±0.29[16]

    1294 Antwerpia, provisional designation 1933 UB1, is a carbonaceous asteroid from the central regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 35 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 24 October 1933, by astronomer Eugène Delporte at the Royal Observatory of Belgium in Uccle.[17] The asteroid was named for the Belgian city of Antwerp.[2]

    Orbit and classification

    Antwerpia is an asteroid of the background population that does not belong to any known asteroid family. It orbits the Sun in the central main belt at a distance of 2.1–3.3 AU once every 4 years and 5 months (1,608 days). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 9° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    In February 2017, the asteroid was first identified as A917 DB at Heidelberg Observatory, where the body's observation arc begins one month later in March 1917.[17]

    Physical characteristics

    In the SMASS classification, Antwerpia is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid.[1]

    Rotation period and poles

    Several rotational lightcurves of Antwerpia have been obtained from photometric observations since 2005. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 6.63 hours with a brightness variation of 0.42 magnitude (U=1/3/3-/3-/3/2).[9][10][11][12][13][15][lower-alpha 1]

    A 2016-published lightcurve, using modeled photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database (LPD), gave a concurring period of 6.62521 hours (U=n.a.), as well as two spin axis of (128.0°, −66.0°) and (246.0°, −76.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[14]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Antwerpia measures between 27.82 and 40.717 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.0887 and 0.125.[4][5][6][7][8]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0783 and a diameter of 34.40 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.7.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the city of Antwerp in Flanders, the Dutch-speaking part of Belgium. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 118).[2]

    Notes

    1. 1 2 Lightcurve plot of (1297) Quadea with a rotation period 6.62 hours and a brightness amplitude of 0.42 mag. Quality Code of 3. Taken by Robert Stephens (2014) at U81/CS3. Summary figures at LCDB

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1294 Antwerpia (1933 UB1)" (2016-11-02 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1294) Antwerpia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 106. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "LCDB Data for (1294) Antwerpia". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    4. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    9. 1 2 Almeida, R.; Angeli, C. A.; Duffard, R.; Lazzaro, D. (February 2004). "Rotation periods for small main-belt asteroids". Astronomy and Astrophysics: 403–406. Bibcode:2004A&A...415..403A. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20034585. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    10. 1 2 Stephens, Robert D. (July 2014). "Asteroids Observed from CS3: 2014 January - March". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 171–175. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..171S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    11. 1 2 Klinglesmith, Daniel A., III; Hanowell, Jesse; Risley, Ethan; Turk, Janek; Vargas, Angelica; Warren, Curtis Alan (July 2014). "Lightcurves for Inversion Model Candidates". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 41 (3): 139–143. Bibcode:2014MPBu...41..139K. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    12. 1 2 3 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    13. 1 2 Behrend, Raoul. "Asteroids and comets rotation curves – (1294) Antwerpia". Geneva Observatory. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    14. 1 2 Durech, J.; Hanus, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vanco, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: 6. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    15. 1 2 Lecrone, Crystal; Addleman, Don; Butler, Thomas; Hudson, Erin; Mulvihill, Alex; Reichert, Chris; et al. (September 2005). "2004-2005 winter observing campaign at Rose-Hulman Institute: results for 1098 Hakone, 1182 Ilona, 1294 Antwerpia, 1450 Raimonda, 2251 Tikhov, and 2365 Interkosmos". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 32 (3): 46–48. Bibcode:2005MPBu...32...46L. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    16. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
    17. 1 2 "1294 Antwerpia (1933 UB1)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
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