1082 Pirola

1082 Pirola
Discovery [1]
Discovered by K. Reinmuth
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date 28 October 1927
Designations
MPC designation (1082) Pirola
Named after
 Pyrola (wintergreen)
(herbaceous plant)[2]
1927 UC · 1931 JQ
1951 AH · 1952 DS
1971 YJ · A916 UP
main-belt · (outer)
Themis [3][4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 90.01 yr (32,875 days)
Aphelion 3.6858 AU
Perihelion 2.5553 AU
3.1205 AU
Eccentricity 0.1811
5.51 yr (2,013 days)
130.74°
0° 10m 43.68s / day
Inclination 1.8524°
148.01°
187.23°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 37.363±1.036 km[5]
39.14±13.91 km[6]
41.06 km (derived)[3]
41.47±12.07 km[7]
42.607±0.476 km[8]
42.61±0.48 km[8]
44.67±0.71 km[9]
15.85±0.01 h[10]
15.851±0.0140 h[11]
15.8525±0.0005 h[12]
15.8540±0.0001 h[13]
0.052±0.006[14]
0.06±0.05[6][7]
0.061±0.002[9]
0.0655 (derived)[3]
0.067±0.008[8]
0.0867±0.0105[5]
Tholen = C [1][3]
B–V = 0.705[1]
U–B = 0.315[1]
10.31±0.29[15] · 10.41[1][5][6][8][9] · 10.450±0.002 (R)[11] · 10.507±0.014[12] · 10.51[3] · 10.53[7]

    1082 Pirola, provisional designation 1927 UC, is a carbonaceous Themistian asteroid from the outer regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 41 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 28 October 1927, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg-Königstuhl State Observatory in Germany.[16] The asteroid was named after the herbaceous plant Pyrola (wintergreen).[2]

    Orbit and classification

    Pirola is a Themistian asteroid that belongs to the Themis family (602),[3][4] a large family of nearly 6,000 known carbonaceous asteroids, named after 24 Themis.[17]:23 It orbits the Sun in the outer main belt at a distance of 2.6–3.7 AU once every 5 years and 6 months (2,013 days; semi-major axis of 3.12 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.18 and an inclination of 2° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The asteroid was first identified as A916 UP at Simeiz Observatory in October 1916. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Heidelberg in October 1927.[16]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Pirola is a carbonaceous C-type asteroid,[1][3] which matches the overall spectral type of the Themis family.[17]:23

    Rotation period

    In 2010, three rotational lightcurves of Pirola were obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 15.85, 15.851 and 15.8525 hours with a brightness amplitude between 0.53 and 0.62 magnitude (U=3-/2/3).[10][11][12]

    A 2016-published lightcurve, using modeled photometric data from the Lowell Photometric Database, gave a concurring period of 15.8540 hours, as well as two spin axis of (123.0°, −42.0°) and (300.0°, −38.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Pirola measures between 37.363 and 44.67 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.052 and 0.0867.[5][6][7][8][9][14]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link derives an albedo of 0.0655 and a diameter of 41.06 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 10.51.[3]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after Pyrola, also known as wintergreen, a herbaceous plant (mostly evergreen), that belongs to the flowering herbs. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 102).[2]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[18]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1082 Pirola (1927 UC)" (2017-10-30 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1082) Pirola. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 92. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "LCDB Data for (1082) Pirola". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    4. 1 2 "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Kramer, E. A.; Grav, T.; et al. (September 2016). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Two: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astronomical Journal. 152 (3): 12. arXiv:1606.08923. Bibcode:2016AJ....152...63N. doi:10.3847/0004-6256/152/3/63. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    8. 1 2 3 4 5 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    9. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    10. 1 2 Gartrelle, Gordon M. (April 2012). "Lightcurve Results for Eleven Asteroids". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 39 (2): 40%–46. Bibcode:2012MPBu...39...40G. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    11. 1 2 3 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    12. 1 2 3 Baker, Ronald E.; Pilcher, Frederick; Benishek, Vladimir (April 2011). "Photometric Observations and Analysis of 1082 Pirola". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (2): 111–114. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38..111B. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    13. 1 2 Durech, J.; Hanus, J.; Oszkiewicz, D.; Vanco, R. (March 2016). "Asteroid models from the Lowell photometric database". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 587: 6. arXiv:1601.02909. Bibcode:2016A&A...587A..48D. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527573. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    14. 1 2 Masiero, Joseph R.; Grav, T.; Mainzer, A. K.; Nugent, C. R.; Bauer, J. M.; Stevenson, R.; et al. (August 2014). "Main-belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE: Near-infrared Albedos" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 791 (2): 11. arXiv:1406.6645. Bibcode:2014ApJ...791..121M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/791/2/121. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    15. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    16. 1 2 "1082 Pirola (1927 UC)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    17. 1 2 Nesvorný, D.; Broz, M.; Carruba, V. (December 2014). "Identification and Dynamical Properties of Asteroid Families" (PDF). Asteroids IV: 297–321. arXiv:1502.01628. Bibcode:2015aste.book..297N. doi:10.2458/azu_uapress_9780816532131-ch016. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    18. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
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