1080 Orchis

1080 Orchis
Discovery [1]
Discovered by K. Reinmuth
Discovery site Heidelberg Obs.
Discovery date 30 August 1927
Designations
MPC designation (1080) Orchis
Named after
 Orchis (flowering plant)[2]
1927 QB · 1955 DT
A906 BH
main-belt · (inner) [3]
background [4]
Orbital characteristics [1]
Epoch 4 September 2017 (JD 2458000.5)
Uncertainty parameter 0
Observation arc 111.76 yr (40,821 days)
Aphelion 3.0452 AU
Perihelion 1.7924 AU
2.4188 AU
Eccentricity 0.2590
3.76 yr (1,374 days)
278.54°
0° 15m 43.2s / day
Inclination 4.5873°
2.0437°
57.028°
Physical characteristics
Dimensions 20.755±8.470 km[5]
21.797±0.130 km[6]
21.86±0.26 km[7]
22.918±0.241 km[8]
23.28±1.7 km[3][9]
23.53±6.59 km[10]
24.62±6.75 km[11]
16.061±0.004 h[12]
16.0657±0.0005 h[13]
16.075±0.0207 h[14]
16.1±0.1 h[15]
0.029±0.002[6]
0.03±0.02[10]
0.031±0.032[11]
0.0331±0.0028[8]
0.0430±0.007[3][9]
0.0508±0.0499[5]
0.051±0.001[7]
Tholen = F [1][3]
B–V = 0.624[1]
U–B = 0.206[1]
12.133±0.002 (R)[14] · 12.20[1][3][7][8][9][10] · 12.32[5] · 12.32±0.24[16] · 12.43[11]

    1080 Orchis, provisional designation 1927 QB, is an uncommon carbonaceous asteroid from the inner regions of the asteroid belt, approximately 22 kilometers in diameter. It was discovered on 30 August 1927, by German astronomer Karl Reinmuth at the Heidelberg Observatory in southwest Germany.[17] The asteroid was named after the flowering plant Orchis.[2]

    Orbit and classification

    Orchis is a non-family asteroid of the main belt's background population.[4] It orbits the Sun in the inner asteroid belt at a distance of 1.8–3.0 AU once every 3 years and 9 months (1,374 days; semi-major axis of 2.42 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.26 and an inclination of 5° with respect to the ecliptic.[1]

    The asteroid was first observed as A906 BH at Heidelberg in January 1906. The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation in August 1927.[17]

    Physical characteristics

    In the Tholen classification, Orchis is an uncommon F-type asteroid, a type which belongs to the wider C-complex of carbonaceous asteroids.[1][3]

    Rotation period and poles

    In 2010, three rotational lightcurves of Orchis were obtained from photometric observations. Lightcurve analysis gave a rotation period of 16.061, 16.075 and 16.1 hours with a brightness amplitude of between 0.23 and 0.31 magnitude (U=2+/2/3).[12][14][15]

    A modeled lightcurve based on optical data from a large collaboration network found a concurring period of 16.0657 hours and two spin axis of (255.0°, 27.0°) and (71.0°, 28.0°) in ecliptic coordinates (λ, β).[13]

    Diameter and albedo

    According to the surveys carried out by the Infrared Astronomical Satellite IRAS, the Japanese Akari satellite and the NEOWISE mission of NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer, Orchis measures between 20.755 and 24.62 kilometers in diameter and its surface has an albedo between 0.029 and 0.051.[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

    The Collaborative Asteroid Lightcurve Link adopts the results obtained by IRAS, that is, an albedo of 0.0430 and a diameter of 23.28 kilometers based on an absolute magnitude of 12.2.[3][9]

    Naming

    This minor planet was named after the flowering plant Orchis, a genus in the orchid family. The official naming citation was mentioned in The Names of the Minor Planets by Paul Herget in 1955 (H 102).[2]

    Reinmuth's flowers

    Due to his many discoveries, Karl Reinmuth submitted a large list of 66 newly named asteroids in the early 1930s. The list covered his discoveries with numbers between (1009) and (1200). This list also contained a sequence of 28 asteroids, starting with 1054 Forsytia, that were all named after plants, in particular flowering plants (also see list of minor planets named after animals and plants).[18]

    References

    1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 1080 Orchis (1927 QB)" (2017-10-29 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    2. 1 2 3 Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1080) Orchis. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 92. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "LCDB Data for (1080) Orchis". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    4. 1 2 "Small Bodies Data Ferret". Nesvorny HCM Asteroid Families V3.0. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    5. 1 2 3 4 Masiero, Joseph R.; Nugent, C.; Mainzer, A. K.; Wright, E. L.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; et al. (October 2017). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year Three: Asteroid Diameters and Albedos" (PDF). The Astronomical Journal. 154 (4): 10. arXiv:1708.09504. Bibcode:2017AJ....154..168M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/aa89ec. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    6. 1 2 3 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Dailey, J.; et al. (November 2011). "Main Belt Asteroids with WISE/NEOWISE. I. Preliminary Albedos and Diameters". The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 20. arXiv:1109.4096. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...68M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/68. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    7. 1 2 3 4 Usui, Fumihiko; Kuroda, Daisuke; Müller, Thomas G.; Hasegawa, Sunao; Ishiguro, Masateru; Ootsubo, Takafumi; et al. (October 2011). "Asteroid Catalog Using Akari: AKARI/IRC Mid-Infrared Asteroid Survey". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan. 63 (5): 1117–1138. Bibcode:2011PASJ...63.1117U. doi:10.1093/pasj/63.5.1117. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    8. 1 2 3 4 Mainzer, A.; Grav, T.; Masiero, J.; Hand, E.; Bauer, J.; Tholen, D.; et al. (November 2011). "NEOWISE Studies of Spectrophotometrically Classified Asteroids: Preliminary Results" (PDF). The Astrophysical Journal. 741 (2): 25. arXiv:1109.6407. Bibcode:2011ApJ...741...90M. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/741/2/90. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    9. 1 2 3 4 5 Tedesco, E. F.; Noah, P. V.; Noah, M.; Price, S. D. (October 2004). "IRAS Minor Planet Survey V6.0". NASA Planetary Data System. Bibcode:2004PDSS...12.....T. Archived from the original on 2016-06-03. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    10. 1 2 3 4 Nugent, C. R.; Mainzer, A.; Masiero, J.; Bauer, J.; Cutri, R. M.; Grav, T.; et al. (December 2015). "NEOWISE Reactivation Mission Year One: Preliminary Asteroid Diameters and Albedos". The Astrophysical Journal. 814 (2): 13. arXiv:1509.02522. Bibcode:2015ApJ...814..117N. doi:10.1088/0004-637X/814/2/117. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    11. 1 2 3 4 Masiero, Joseph R.; Mainzer, A. K.; Grav, T.; Bauer, J. M.; Cutri, R. M.; Nugent, C.; et al. (November 2012). "Preliminary Analysis of WISE/NEOWISE 3-Band Cryogenic and Post-cryogenic Observations of Main Belt Asteroids". The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 759 (1): 5. arXiv:1209.5794. Bibcode:2012ApJ...759L...8M. doi:10.1088/2041-8205/759/1/L8. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    12. 1 2 Strabla, Luca; Quadri, Ulisse; Girelli, Roberto (July 2011). "Minor Planet Lightcurve Analysis at Bassano Bresciano Observatory: 2010 October - 2011 March". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (3): 169–172. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38..169S. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    13. 1 2 Hanus, J.; Durech, J.; Oszkiewicz, D. A.; Behrend, R.; Carry, B.; Delbo, M.; et al. (February 2016). "New and updated convex shape models of asteroids based on optical data from a large collaboration network" (PDF). Astronomy and Astrophysics. 586: 24. arXiv:1510.07422. Bibcode:2016A&A...586A.108H. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201527441. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    14. 1 2 3 Waszczak, Adam; Chang, Chan-Kao; Ofek, Eran O.; Laher, Russ; Masci, Frank; Levitan, David; et al. (September 2015). "Asteroid Light Curves from the Palomar Transient Factory Survey: Rotation Periods and Phase Functions from Sparse Photometry". The Astronomical Journal. 150 (3): 35. arXiv:1504.04041. Bibcode:2015AJ....150...75W. doi:10.1088/0004-6256/150/3/75. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    15. 1 2 Ruthroff, John C. (April 2011). "Lightcurve Analysis of Eight Main-belt Asteroids and a Revised Period for 185 Eunike". The Minor Planet Bulletin. 38 (2): 86–88. Bibcode:2011MPBu...38...86R. ISSN 1052-8091. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    16. ↑ Veres, Peter; Jedicke, Robert; Fitzsimmons, Alan; Denneau, Larry; Granvik, Mikael; Bolin, Bryce; et al. (November 2015). "Absolute magnitudes and slope parameters for 250,000 asteroids observed by Pan-STARRS PS1 - Preliminary results". Icarus. 261: 34–47. arXiv:1506.00762. Bibcode:2015Icar..261...34V. doi:10.1016/j.icarus.2015.08.007. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    17. 1 2 "1080 Orchis (1927 QB)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
    18. ↑ Schmadel, Lutz D. (2007). Dictionary of Minor Planet Names – (1054) Forsytia. Springer Berlin Heidelberg. p. 90. ISBN 978-3-540-00238-3. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
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