< Quenya

Neo-Quenya has a number of words that end in a long vowel, but they all have only two letters:

  • a~M "crescent, arc"
  • e~V "last hour"
  • 9~N "owl"
  • j~M "moment"
  • t~C "hand"
  • 5Ì~V nyé "bleat"
  • q~V "lip"
  • q~B "fly, insect"
  • z~C quá "duck"
  • 7~V "day (of 24 hours)"
  • 8~V "eyeball"
  • 8~M "rushing (of the wind)"
  • 1Î~V tyé "tea"

and the proper names y~V and 7~M .

The following words also have this form, but in Neo-Quenya they sound old-fashioned, so they are replaced most of the time with the word next to them:

  • a~C "jaw" `Cf# anca
  • e~C "air, atmosphere" nTjnD - yTjnE wilwa / vilwa
  • j~N "night" j~Nt$ lómë
  • 5~B "woman" 5~B8 nís
  • 7~C "arm" 7Ef^ ranco
  • 8~C "fire" `M7U uru
  • n~C "wind" ylDnE vaiwa
  • hÎ~N "son" hÎY2^ yondo


The words 7~C "lion", 1~N "wool" and 5~N "idea" don't belong to this category because they have a stem-form with 3 letters (see Exceptional stems).


They have some special features:

  • When the case ending contains a double consonant, the vowel is shortened:
  • 7R,R ressë "on a day" (locative)
`B t#5:#6 i mannar "to the hands" (allative)


  • In the u-duals the –u joins with the final vowel to make a diphthong:
  • q.F peu "a pair of lips"


  • In the plural the -i- also joins with the final vowel:
  • alU5$5 cuinen "with arcs" (instrumental)
  • tlDyE maiva "of hands" (possessive)


  • In the words ending with –é, the diphthong ei is not a possible combination in Quenya. Instead, it is left as it is, having no distinction from singular/plural forms:
  • 7~V5 rén "to a day/ to the days" (dative)
  • To further define the singular/plural difference if need be, numbers can be expressed to distinguish quantity of a noun:
  • 7~V5 `C1;E rén atta "to the two days"


  • The genitive singular is not known for most nouns. The words on -é don't give any problems because éo is acceptable:
  • 7~V "day" 7~V`N réo
  • q~V "lip" q~V`N péo
Those already with an \~N -ó have a genitive that is identical to the nominative.


The complete declination for "hand" can be found in next table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominativet~C
t~C6
már
t~C1
mát
t~Cj%
máli
Genitivet~C`N
máo
t~C7Y5
máron
t~C1Y
máto
t~Cj%`N5
málion
Possessivet~CyE
máva
tlDyE
maiva
t#1nE
matwa
t#j~ByE
malíva
Dativet~C5
mán
tlD5
main
t#4
mant
t~Cj%5
málin
Ablativet#j°^
mallo
t#j°^5
mallon
t#j°^6
mallor - (alt.)
t#j1Y
malto
t~Cj%j°^5
málillon - (var. 1) [1]
t~Cj%j°^6
málillor - (var. 2) [1]
Allativet#5:#
manna
t#5:#6
mannar
t#4#
manta
t~Cj%5:#
málinna
t~Cj%5:#6
málinnar - (alt.)
Locativet#,R5
massë
t#,R5
massen
t#1R+
matsë
t~Cj%,R
málissë
t~Cj%,R5
málissen - (alt.)
InstrumentaltlD5$5
mainen [2]
tlD5$5
mainen
t#4$5
manten
t#j~B5$5
malínen
Respectivet~C8
más
tlD8
mais
t#1R8
mates
t~Cj%8
mális
  1. 1 2 Endings might be different depending on plural form. Both -n and -r partitive plural forms have been added until further notice.
  2. Irregular form for singular instrumental of , as Tolkien provided it as mainen, not mánen. Other two letter words in the -á category would still be regular.


The complete declination for "day" can be found in next table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominative7~V
7~B
7~V1
rét
7~Vj%
réli
Genitive7~V`N
réo
7T`N5
rion
7~V1Y
réto
7~Vj%`N5
rélion
Possessive7~VyE
réva
7~ByE
ríva
7R1nE
retwa
7Rj~ByE
relíva
Dative7~V
rén
7~B5
rín
7R4
rent
7~Vj%5
rélin
Ablative7Rj°^
rello
7Rj°^5
rellon
7Rj°^6
rellor - (alt.)
7Rj1Y
relto
7~Vj%j°^5
rélillon - (var. 1) [1]
7~Vj%j°^6
rélillor - (var. 2) [1]
Allative7R5:#
renna
7R5:#6
rennar
7R4#
renta
7~Vj%5:#
rélinna
7~Vj%5:#6
rélinnar - (alt.)
Locative7R,R
ressë
7R,R5
ressen
7R1R+
retsë
7~Vj%,R ›5›
rélissë
7~Vj%,R ›5›
rélissen - (alt.)
Instrumental7~V5$5
rénen
7~B5$5
rínen
7R4$5
renten
7Rj~B5$5
relínen
Respective7~V8
rés
7~B8
rís
7~V1R8
rétes
7~Vj%8
rélis
  1. 1 2 Both -n and -r partitive plural forms added until further notice.


The complete declination for "fly, insect" can be found in next table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominativeq~B
q~B6
pír
q~B1
pít
q~Bj%
píli
Genitiveq~B`N
pío
q~B7Y5
píron
q~B1Y
píto
q~Bj%`N5
pílion
Possessiveq~ByE
píva
q~ByE
píva
qG1nE
pitwa
qGj~ByE
pilíva
Dativeq~B5
pín
q~B5
pín
qG4
pint
q~Bj%5
pílin
AblativeqGj°^
pillo
qGj°^5
pillon
qGj°^6
pillor - (alt.)
qGj1Y
pilto
q~Bj%j°^5
pílillon - (var. 1) [1]
q~Bj%j°^6
pílillor - (var. 2) [1]
AllativeqG5:#
pinna
qG5:#6
pinnar
qG4#
pinta
q~Bj%5:#
pílinna
q~Bj%5:#6
pílinnar - (alt.)
LocativeqG,R
pissë
qG,R5
pissen
qG1R+
pitsë
q~Bj%,R
pílissë
q~Bj%,R5
pílissen - (alt.)
Instrumentalq~B5$5
pínen
q~B5$5
pínen
qG4$5
pinten
qGj~B5$5
pilínen
Respectiveq~B8
pís
q~B8
pís
q~B1R8
pítes
q~Bj%8
pílis
  1. 1 2 Both -n and -r partitive plural forms added until further notice.


The complete declination for "owl" can be found in next table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominative9~N
9~N5
hór
9~N1
hót
9~Nj%
hóli
Genitive9~N
9~N7Y5
hóron
9~N1Y
hóto
9~Nj%`N5
hólion
Possessive9~NyE
hóva
9lYyE
hoiva
9Y1nE
hotwa
9Yj~ByE
holíva
Dative9~N5
hón
9lY5
hoin
9Y4
hont
9~Nj%5
hólin
Ablative9Yj°^
hollo
9Yj°^5
hollon
9Yj°^6
hollor - (alt.)
9Yj1Y
holto
9~Nj%j°^5
hólillon - (var. 1) [1]
9~Nj%j°^6
hólillor - (var. 2) [1]
Allative9Y5:#
honna
9Y5:#6
honnar
9Y4#
honta
9~Nj%5:#
hólinna
9~Nj%5:#6
hólinnar - (alt.)
Locative9Y,R
hossë
9Y,R5
hossen
9Y1R+
hotsë
9~Nj%,R
hólissë
9~Nj%,R5
hólissen - (alt.)
Instrumental9~N5$5
hónen
9lY5$5
hoinen
9Y4$5
honten
9Yj~B5$5
holínen
Respective9~N8
hós
9lY8
hois
9~N1R8
hótes
9~Nj%8
hólis
  1. 1 2 Both -n and -r partitive plural forms added until further notice.


The complete declination for "moment" can be found in next table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominativej~M
j~M6
lúr
j~M1
lút
j~Mj%
lúli
Genitivej~M`N
lúo
j~M7Y5
lúron
j~M1Y
lúto
j~Mj%`N5
lúlion
Possessivej~MyE
lúva
jlUyE
luiva
j&1nE
lutwa
j&j~ByE
lulíva
Dativej~M5
lún
jlU5
luin
j&4
lunt
j~Mj%5
lúlin
Ablativej&j°^
lullo
j&j°^5
lullon
j&j°^6
lullor - (alt.)
j&j1Y
lulto
j~Mj%j°^5
lúlillon - (var. 1) [1]
j~Mj%j°^6
lúlillor - (var. 2) [1]
Allativej&5:#
lunna
j&5:#6
lunnar
j&4#
lunta
j~Mj%5:#
lúlinna
j~Mj%5:#6
lúlinnar - (alt.)
Locativej&,R
lussë
j&,R5
lussen
j&1R+
lutsë
j~Mj%,R
lúlissë
j~Mj%,R5
lúlissen - (alt.)
Instrumentalj~M5$5
lúnen
jlU5$5
luinen
j&4$5
lunten
j&j~B5$5
lulínen
Respectivej~M8
lús
jlU8
luis
j~M1R8
lútes
j~Mj%8
lúlis
  1. 1 2 Both -n and -r partitive plural forms added until further notice.


It should be noted that irregular forms for noun declension appear to be frequent in two letter words, and careful consideration is to be taken to ensure no word clashes within the letter itself (such as diphthongs or long vowels before a consonant group, vowel combinations that don't exist, such as ei) and with other attested words provided by Tolkien.

As to demonstrate in the table below, the word q~V has an another plural form q~V1T péti, as attested by Tolkien, instead of pei which cannot be formed in Quenya.

Irregular noun "lip" table:

CaseSingular Plural Dual Partitive Plural
Nominativeq~V
q~V1T
péti
q.F
peu
q~Vj%
péli
Genitiveq~V`N
péo
q~V1T`N5
pétion
q.F1Y
peuto
q~Vj%`N5
pélion
Possessiveq~VyE
péva
q~V1TyE
pétiva
q.FyE
peuva
qRj~ByE
pelíva
Dativeq~V5
pén
q~V1T5
pétin
q.F5
peun
q~Vj%5
pélin
AblativeqRj°^
pello
q~V1Tj°^5
pétillon
q~V1Tj°^6
pétillor - (alt.)
qRj1Y
pelto
q~Vj%j°^5
pélillon - (var. 1) [1]
q~Vj%j°^6
pélillor - (var. 2) [1]
AllativeqR5:#
penna
q~V1T5:#6
pétinnar
qR4#
penta
q~Vj%5:#
pélinna
q~Vj%5:#6
pélinnar - (alt.)
LocativeqR,R
pessë
q~V1T,R5
pétissen
qR1R+
petsë
q~Vj%,R
pélissë
q~Vj%,R5
pélissen - (alt.)
Instrumentalq~V5$5
pénen
q~V1T5$5
pétinen
q.F5$5
peunen
q~Vj~B5$5
pélínen
Respectiveq~V8
pés
q~V1T8
pétis
q.F8
peus
q~Vj%8
pélis
  1. 1 2 Both -n and -r partitive plural forms added until further notice.

The behaviour of the final long vowel before possessive endings is discussed on the page about Possessive pronouns.



>> Neo-Quenya >> Nouns >> 2-letter words

This article is issued from Wikibooks. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.