< Novoslovnica

Hi! Here is the fourth lesson of Novoslovnica. The topic of this lesson is verb conjugation. We've seen how the verbs "byti" and "hteti" change by the numbers and persons, so it's time to generalize this theory.

We should say that Novoslovnica has 4 types of conjugation, which are closely related to the terms of the verbal types[1]. Formally, the type of the verb depends on its suffix before "TI". Semantically, this suffix shows the continuity degree of the action. There are four main types of the verb:

  • -A- type
  • -E- (-O-) type
  • -I- type
  • -U- (-NU-) type

The first one shows the most continuous action. This can be strongly stretched in time. The second has a middle degree of continuity and the third - low degree. The last type shows no continuity actions - so the action is point. Sometimes we can bypass using Concrete Tense by changing the type of the verb. But mostly each verb has only 1-2 degrees of continuity.

So, let's see the conjugation of the verbs.

Type -A-

The verb "to see" - viđati.

Present Common Tense Present Concrete Tense
SgDuPlSgDuPl
1pViđamViđamaViđameViđajuViđajemaViđajeme
2pViđašViđataViđateViđaješViđajetaViđajete
3pViđaViđatViđutViđajeViđajatViđajut

Type -E- (-O-)

The verb "can" - "možeti"

Present Common Tense Present Concrete Tense
SgDuPlSgDuPl
1pMožemMožemaMožemeMožujemMožujemaMožujeme
2pMožešMožetaMožeteMožuješMožujetaMožujete
3pMožeMožatMožutMožujeMožujatMožujut

Type -I-

The verb "to change" - proměniti.

Present Common Tense Present Concrete Tense
SgDuPlSgDuPl
1pProměnimProměnimaProměnimeProměnujimProměnujimaProměnujime
2pProměnišProměnitaProměniteProměnujišProměnujitaProměnujite
3pProměniProměnatProměnutProměnujiProměnujatProměnujut

Type -NU-

The verb "to glance" - glědnuti.

Present Concrete Tense
SgDuPl
1pGlědnujemGlědnujemaGlědnujeme
2pGlědnuješGlědnujetaGlědnujete
3pGlědnujeGlědnujatGlědnujut

This type has no Present Common Tense, as the verb "byti" (to be) has no Present Concrete Tense. But instead of the verb "byti", these verbs have no concrete tense, because they describe a point action, so Present Tense describes a number of direct actions over time

The main page of the book

References

  1. ↑ Novoslovnica as a project of a panslavic language, Information about types of the verbs in Russian.
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