< HKDSE Geography < M3

There are several ways to classify manufacturing industries. This page covers three ways. We will discuss the fourth later.

Heavy vs Light

  • Heavy industries use heavy and bulky inputs and produce heavy and bulky outputs.
  • Light industries use light and small inputs and produce light and small outputs.

Examples of heavy: ship-building, car manufacturing

Examples of light: electronics, watches, toys, textiles

Capital-Intensive vs Labour-Intensive

Capital-intensive industries mainly rely on capital. Labour-intensive industries mainly rely on labour.

Capital is not just about money

There are two kinds of capital. Working capital refers to money, financial assets like bonds, inventory, etc. Fixed capital refers to machinery, tools, equipment, etc.

Examples of capital-intensive: Information technology, silicon chip manufacturing

Examples of labour-intensive: Watches, toys, textiles...

High-Technology vs Low-Technology

Examples of hi-tech: Silicon chips, pharmacy

Examples of lo-tech: Watches, toys

 
HKDSE Geography : Core Module 3 - Changing Industrial Location: How and Why Does It Change Over Space and Time?
Industrial Location
Hong Kong's Manufacturing Industry
Historical Development · Factors Behind Industrial Relocation · Responses to Industrial Relocation
China's Iron and Steel Industry
The US IT Industry
R&D Stage · Production Stage · Recent Developments
Industrial Relocation
Impacts · Responses
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