The classification scheme used here for the order Asparagales is from P.F. Stevens, (2001-2015). Angiosperm Phylogeny Website. Version 14, April 2015. - University of Missouri, St Louis, and Missouri Botanical Garden.

Family Iridaceae

The Iridaceae (iris family) ...

Subfamily Iridoideae

Tribe Irideae

Iris

Iris subg. Limniris

Iris versicolor blue-flag iris Iris subg. Limniris sect. Limniris includes irises often referred to as flags, the most common of which is the northern blue flag (Iris versicolor), which grows in a wide range of wetland types.

Asparagales — Iridaceae — Iridoideae — Irideae — Iris subg. Limniris
Iris subg. Limniris sect. Limniris	Iris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Iris versicolor  L.   Iris hookeri (2n=38) ×   Iris virginica (2n=70) → 2n=104 1753. Iris versicolor L. 1863. Xiphion versicolor (L.) Alef. 2007. Limniris versicolor (L.) Rodion.	Blue flag, Harlequin blueflag, Larger blue flag, Northern blue flag, Hybrid of  Hooker's iris &  Southern blueflag Iris versicolore, Clajeux	Native, C:4, Secure OBL Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN NPT Can ARS  FNA Trop. BNA Images, wsp
Iris prismatica  Pursh 1814. Iris prismatica Pursh 1840. Iris carolina Radius ex Steud. 2007. Limniris prismatica Rodion.	Slender blue flag, Slender blue iris, Cube iris, Coastal iris	Native, C:9, Threatened, DEC-B[1] OBL			NYFA-2 USDA-NX NPT  ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Iris virginica  L. 1753. Iris virginica L. 1890. Iris caroliniana S.Watson 1913. Iris georgiana Britton 1927. Iris shrevei Small 1936. Iris virginica var. shrevei E.S.Anderson	Southern blueflag, Shreve's iris, Virginia iris Iris de Virginie	Native, C:5, Endangered, DEC-A[2] OBL Perennial, Heerb-forb			NYFA-1 USDA-NN NPT  ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Iris pseudacorus  L. 1753. Iris pseudacorus L. 1789. Iris palustris (L.) L.Gaterau superfl. 1817. Iris paludosa Pers. 1852. Limnirion pseudacorus Opiz 1866. Limniris pseudacorus Fuss	Yellow iris, Pale-yellow iris, Yellow flag, Yellow water iris Iris faux-acore, Iris jaune, Iris des marais, Fleur-de-lis	Introduced from  Eurasia,  northern Africa, Highly invasive, NYIS: 76%[3], CP-3[4], Prohibited[5]			NYFA-X USDA-X NPT Can ARS ITIS FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Iris sibirica  L. (1753)	Siberian iris, Iris de Sibérie	Introduced from  Eurasia, IPA			NYFA-X USDA-XX NPT  ARS  FNA  BNA Images, wsp
Iris subg. Limniris sect. Lophiris	Iris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Iris cristata  Sol. ex Aiton 1789. Iris cristata Sol. ex Aiton 1863. Neubeckia cristata Alef. 1882. Evansia cristata Klatt 1913. Iris cristata var. alba Dykes	Crested iris, Dwarf crested iris	Introduced from  southeast USA, North America native			NYFA-X USDA-N0 NPT  ARS ITIS FNA Trop. NSE BNA Images, wsp
Iris subg. Limniris (excluded taxa)	Iris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Iris verna  L. var. smalliana Fernald     Neubeckia verna (L.) Small 1947. Iris verna var. smalliana	Dwarf iris, Dwarf violet iris, Upland violet iris, Vernal iris	N. America native, N.Y. excluded			NYFA-0 USDA-N ARS  FNA  Images, wsp Note: POW
↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (b) Threatened. ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation (DEC) Regulation §193.3, Protected Native Plants, (a) Endangered. ↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Iris pseudacorus: 76 (all). ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2009) ↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Regulation 6 NYCRR Part 575 Prohibited and Regulated Invasive Species

Iris subg. Iris

Asparagales — Iridaceae — Iridoideae — Irideae — Iris subg. Iris
Iris subg. Iris	Iris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Iris × germanica  L. [ I. pallida × I. variegata × I. … ] 1753. Iris germanica L. 1753. Iris × germanica L. (pro sp.) 1759. Iris florentina L. 1993. Iris × conglomerata N.C.Hend.	German iris, Orris, Tall bearded iris, Flag, Flags iris d'Allemagne, iris bleu d'Allemagne	Introduced from  e. Mediterranean, Widely cultivated			NYFA-X USDA-XX NPT Can ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp

Iris subg. Hermodactyloides

Asparagales — Iridaceae — Iridoideae — Irideae — Iris subg. Hermodactyloides
Iris subg. Hermodactyloides	Iris	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Iris domestica  Mabberley & Goldblatt 1753. Epidendrum domesticum L. 1753. Ixia chinensis L. 1794. Belamcanda punctata Moench 1797. non Iris chinensis Curtis 1805. Belamcanda chinensis (L.) DC. [1] 1891. Gemmingia chinensis (L.) Kuntze 2005. Iris domestica Mabberley & Goldblatt [2]	Blackberry lily, Leopard flower, Leopard lily, Iris tigre	Introduced from  temperate Asia			NYFA-X USDA-X0 NPT  ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
↑ Both NYFA and NRCS still use Belamcanda chinensis as the species name for Iris domestica ↑ Despite possessing a "very un-Iris-like flower," (Peter Goldblatt (2000) Phylogeny and Classification of the Iridaceae and the Relationships of Iris. Annali di Botanica, Vol 58. Department of Environmental Biology - University La Sapienza of Rome, Italy.) the sole species of Belamcanda has recently been transferred to the genus Iris, as Iris domestica. Peter Goldblatt & D.J. Mabberley (2005) Belamcanda Included in Iris, and the New Combination I. domestica (Iridaceae: Irideae). Novon: A Journal for Botanical Nomenclature: Vol. 15, No. 1 pp. 128–132

Tribe Sisyrinchieae

Sisyrinchium

Sisyrinchium angustifolium Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass

Asparagales — Iridaceae — Iridoideae — Sisyrinchieae
Sisyrinchium L. 1753	Blue-eyed-grass	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Sisyrinchium montanum Greene 1899. S. montanum Greene 1899. S. heterocarpum E.P.Bicknell 1899. S. alpestre E.P.Bicknell 1946. S. montanum var. crebrum 1948. S. montanum ssp. crebrum 1949. S. bermudiana var. crebrum  auct. S. angustifolium non Mill.	Strict blue-eyed grass, Mountain blue-eyed grass, Common blue-eyed grass, Little blue-eyed grass Bermudienne montagnarde, Herbe aux yeux bleus	Native, C:1, Secure Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-5 USDA-NN NPT Can ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Sisyrinchium angustifolium Mill. 1768. S. angustifolium Mill. 1783. S. gramineum Lam. 1896. S. graminoides E.P.Bicknell  auct. S. bermudiana non L.	Narrowleaf blue-eyed grass, Narrow-leaved blue-eyed grass	Native, C:1, Secure			NYFA-5 USDA-NN NPT  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Sisyrinchium atlanticum E.P.Bicknell 1896. S. atlanticum E.P.Bicknell 1899. S. apiculatum E.P.Bicknell 1964. S. mucronatum var. atlanticum H.E.Ahles	Eastern blue-eyed grass	Native, C:1, Likely secure			NYFA-4 USDA-NN NPT  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Sisyrinchium fuscatum E.P.Bicknell     S. arenicola     S. farwellii     S. incrustatum     S. rufipes     S. tenellum	Coastal-plain     blue-eyed grass	Native, C:1, Rare			NYFA-3 USDA-NN NPT  FNA  Images, wsp
Sisyrinchium mucronatum Michx. 1803. S. mucronatum Michx. 1892. S. angustifolium var. mucronatum Baker 1899. S. intermedium E.P.Bicknell	Michaux's blue-eyed-grass, Needletip blue-eyed grass	Native, C:1, Endangered, DEC-1[1]			NYFA-1 USDA-NN NPT  FNA  Images, wsp
Sisyrinchium albidum  Raf.     S. asheianum     S. bermudianum var. albidum     S. floridanum     S. hastile     S. niveum     S. scabrellum	White blue-eyed grass, Pale blue-eyed grass	Native, C:10, Endangered			NYFA-? USDA-NN NPT  FNA  Images, wsp Note: FNA[2]
↑ New York State Department of Environmental Conservation, Regulation §193.3(a) Endangered native plants. ↑ Flora of North America: Sisyrinchium albidum Raf. is shown along the border of New York and Pennsylvania.

Sisyrinchium species	Stem- branching	Stem width (mm)	Stem length	Leaf width	Leaf length	Petal length	Flower color
S. angustifolium	some	broad, 2.5-5	≤ 5 dm (20")	1.5–6 mm (< 1/4")	long	≥ 7 mm	blue-violet
S. atlanticum	some	narrow, 0.5-2	long	≤ 2 mm (<1/12")	short		blue-violet
S. montanum	rarely	broad, 1.5-4	≤ 5 dm (20")	2–3 mm (~1/8")	long	≥ 8 mm	blue-violet
S. mucronatum	none	wiry, 0.9-1.5	≤ 4.5 dm (18")	1–2 mm (~1/12")	short, 70–150 mm		blue-violet
S. albidum		broad, 1.5-4	≤ 4 dm (16")	1.5–4 mm			white

Subfamily Crocoideae

Tribe Ixiae

Crocus

Although there are no vouchered Crocus specimens listed from New York, these non-native species have appeared on the checklist of New York State plants.^[1]

Asparagales — Iridaceae — Crocoideae — Ixiae — Crocus
Crocus	Crocus	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Crocus vernus  (L.) Hill 1756. Crocus sativus var. vernus L. 1765. Crocus vernus (L.) Hill 1805. Crocus vernus var. neapolitanus Ker Gawl.	Dutch crocus, Spring crocus Crocus de printemps, Crocus de Naples, Crocus printanier	Introduced from  Europe, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-XX NPT Can ARS ITIS Images, wsp
Crocus angustifolius  Weston	Cloth of gold	Introduced, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-X0 ITIS Images, wsp
Crocus imperati  Ten. (1826)	Early crocus, Naples crocus	Introduced, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-X0 ITIS Images, wsp
Crocus sieberi  J.Gay (1831)	Sieber's crocus, Greek crocus	Introduced, No specimens			NYFA-X USDA-X0 ITIS Images, wsp
Crocus tommasinianus  Herb. 1847. Crocus tommasinianus Herb.	Early crocus, Woodland crocus	Introduced, No specimens Perennial, Herb-forb			NYFA-Xm USDA-X0 ARS  Images, wsp
↑ Mitchell, R.S. (ed.). 1986. A checklist of New York State plants. Contributions of a Flora of New York State, Checklist III. New York State Bulletin No. 458. New York State Museum, Albany.

Family Asphodelaceae

The Asphodelaceae (or Hemerocallidaceae^[1]) family contains the non-native orange and yellow daylilies.

Submily Hemerocallidoideae

Tribe Hemerocallideae

Hemerocallis

Hemerocallis fulva orange daylily Although the common form of the orange daylily Hemerocallis fulva is a seedless triploid and essentially sterile, it has persisted after, and escaped from cultivation so successfully using vegetative means such as root fragments, that it is considered invasive in much of the world, including New York. By contrast, the fertile diploid yellow daylily, Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus, though reportedly naturalized in some places, is not currently considered invasive. ↑ James L. Reveal (2012) An outline of a classification scheme for extant flowering plants, Phytoneuron 2012–37: 1–221.

Asparagales — Asphodelaceae — Hemerocallidoideae — Hemerocallideae — Hemerocallis
Hemerocallis	Daylily	N.Y. Status	Images	Distribution	NY NPT
Hemerocallis fulva  L. 1753. H. lilioasphodelus var. fulvus L. 1762. Hemerocallis fulva L. 1866. H. fulva var. kwanso Regel 1930. H. fulva var. rosea Stout	Orange daylily, Tawny daylily, Fulvous daylily, Ditch lily Hémérocalle fauve, Lis d’un jour	Introduced from  temperate Asia,  India, Invasive, NYIS: 46%[1], CP-3[2]			NYFA-X USDA-XX NPT  ARS  FNA Trop. Images, wsp
Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus  L. 1753. Hemerocallis lilioasphodelus L. 1762. Hemerocallis flava L. 1790. Hemerocallis lutea Gaertn.	Yellow daylily, Lemon-lily, Lemon daylily	Introduced from  Eurasia			NYFA-X USDA-XX ARS  FNA  Images, wsp
↑ New York non-native plant invasiveness assessment – Hemerocallis fulva: Low (46). ↑ Appendix 3. Plant species that are considered moderately to highly invasive to natural areas in the central Finger Lakes region. Policy on the use of non-native plants in Cornell Botanic Gardens' accessioned collections (2009)

← Asparagales (1) Orchidaceae & Hypoxidaceae	Flora of New York — Asparagales (2) Iridaceae & Asphodelaceae				→ Asparagales (3) Ammaryllidaceae & Asparagaceae
	Table of contents	Genus index	Protected species index	Invasive species index

References