𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠

Akkadian

FWOTD – 1 June 2016

Alternative forms

𒁷𒌁𒆠 (TIN.TIR^KI /bābili/)

Etymology

Traditionally derived from 𒆍 𒀭 𒊏 (KA₂.DINGIR.RA /bāb ili/, “gate of god”), but this is contested now.

Pronunciation

(Old Babylonian) IPA^(key): /baː.bi.lim/ (stress unknown)
(Late Babylonian) IPA^(key): /baː.bi.li/ (stress unknown)

Proper noun

𒆍𒀭𒊏𒆠 (KA₂.DINGIR.RA^KI /bābili/) (indeclinable)

Babylon

Related terms

𒆍 (bābu)
𒀭 (ilu)

Descendants

→ Ancient Greek: Βαβυλών (Babulṓn)
- Greek: Βαβυλών (Vavylón), Βαβυλώνα (Vavylóna)
- Latin: Babylōn
- Russian: Вавилон (Vavilon)
→ Aramaic:
- Classical Syriac: ܒܒܠ‎ (bāḇel)
- Jewish Babylonian Aramaic: בָבֶל‎ (bāḇel)
- Mandaic: ࡁࡀࡁࡉࡋ‎ (bābīl)
- → Arabic: بَابِل‎ (bābil)
- → Middle Persian: bʾbyl
  - Persian: بابل‎ (bâbel)
→ Egyptian: bbr
→ Hebrew: בָּבֶל‎ (bavél, bāḇel)
→ Old Armenian: բաւիղ (bawił, “labyrinth”) (perhaps)
- Armenian: բավիղ (bavił)
→ Old Persian: 𐎲𐎠𐎲𐎡𐎽𐎢𐏁 (bābiruš)

References

Lieu, Samuel N. C. (2012), “Babylon”, in Places and peoples in Central Asia and in the Graeco-Roman Near East: A multilingual gazetteer compiled for the Serica Project from select Pre-Islamic sources, page 7a
Muss-Arnolt, William (1905), “Bābilu”, in A Concise Dictionary of the Assyrian Language, volume I, Berlin: Reuther & Reichard, pages 144–145

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