𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁

Old Persian

The name of Darius I in Old Persian cuneiform on the DNa inscription of his tomb: Dārayavauš (𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁)

Alternative forms

𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎢𐏁 (Dārayauš)

Etymology

Compound of 𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹 (dāraya-, “to hold”) +‎ 𐎺𐎢 (vaʰu-, “good”), "he who holds firm the good", from Proto-Indo-European *dʰer- (“to hold”) + *h₁wésus (“good”).

Proper noun

𐎭𐎠𐎼𐎹𐎺𐎢𐏁 (d-a-r-y-v-u-š /Dārayavaʰuš/) m

A male given name, equivalent to English Darius

Descendants

→ Akkadian: 𒁕𒊑𒐊𒈠𒌋𒅖 (Da-ri-ia-muš), 𒁕𒊑𒈠𒌋𒅖 (Da-ri-muš)
→ Ancient Greek: Δαρειαῖος (Dareiaîos), Δαρεῖος (Dareîos)
- Greek: Δαρείος (Dareíos)
- → Latin: Dārīus
  - → English: Darius
→ Egyptian:

(tꜣrwꜣšꜣ),

(tꜣrwšꜣ),

(tꜣrwywšꜣ),

(ṯrwywšꜣ),

(jntjrwšꜣ),

(jntjrwꜣšꜣ),

(jntjrwywꜣšꜣ)
→ Elamite: 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒈠𒌋𒆜 (Da-ri-(y)a-ma-u-iš), 𒆪𒊑𒅀𒄷𒌑𒆜 (Da-ri-ya-(h)u-(ú-)iš)
→ Hebrew: דריווש \ דָּרְיָוֶשׁ‎ (dar'yávesh, dārəyā́weš)
→ Lycian: 𐊑𐊗𐊀𐊕𐊆𐊊𐊁𐊒𐊖- (ñtarijeus-)
Middle Persian
- Persian: داراب‎ (Dârâb), دارا‎ (Dârâ)
  - → Arabic: دَارَا‎ (dārā)
- → Old Armenian: Դարա (Dara)
→ Official Aramaic: 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡄𐡅𐡔‎ (dryhwš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡄𐡅𐡔‎ (drywhwš) (archaizing), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡔‎ (drywš), 𐡃𐡓𐡉𐡅𐡔‎ (drwš), [script needed] (d’ryw)
- Classical Syriac: ܕܪܝܘܫ‎ (dāryāwaš)
→ Persian: داریوش‎ (Dâryuš)
→ Old Armenian: Դարեհ (Dareh)
- → Old Georgian: დარეჰ (dareh)

References

Rudiger Schmitt (December 15, 1994), “DARIUS i. The Name”, in Encyclopædia Iranica, online edition‎, New York
Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, pages 78–80
Bartholomae, Christian (1904) Altiranisches Wörterbuch [Old Iranian Dictionary]‎ (in German), Strassburg: K. J. Trübner, column 738
Hübschmann, Heinrich (1897) Armenische Grammatik. 1. Theil: Armenische Etymologie (in German), Leipzig: Breitkopf & Härtel, page 36
Posener, Georges (1936) La première domination perse en Égypte: Recueil d’inscriptions hiéroglyphiques, pages 161–163

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