춥다

Korean

Etymology

First attested in the Worin seokbo (月印釋譜 / 월인석보), 1459, as Middle Korean 칩다 (chipta).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key)[t͡ɕʰup̚t͈a̠]
  • Phonetic Hangul[춥따]
Revised Romanization? chupda
Revised Romanization (translit.)? chubda
McCune–Reischauer? ch'upta
Yale Romanization? chwupqta

Adjective

춥다 • (chupda) (irregular, infinitive 추워, sequential 추우니)

  1. (usually, of weather) (to be) cold

Conjugation
    Selected forms of the adjective 춥다 (chupda)
Stems
Stem 1 춥 (chup)
Stem 2 추워 (chuwo)
Stem 3 추우 (chuu)
Conjugation type Consonant-stem, ㅂ(b)-irregular

Sentence-final forms
Formal non-polite
(해라체)		 Informal non-polite
(해체)		 Informal polite
(해요체)		 Formal polite
(하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 춥다
chupda		 추워
chuwo		 추워요
chuwoyo		 춥습니다
chupseumnida
Past 추웠다
chuwotda		 추웠어
chuwosseo		 추웠어요
chuwosseoyo		 추웠습니다
chuwotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 추우냐
chuunya		 추워
chuwo		 추워요
chuwoyo		 춥습니까
chupseumnikka
Past 추웠냐
chuwonnya		 추웠어
chuwosseo		 추웠어요
chuwosseoyo		 추웠습니까
chuwotseumnikka
Assertive 춥겠다
chupgetda		춥겠어
chupgesseo		춥겠어요
chupgesseoyo		춥겠습니다
chupgetseumnida
Connective forms
Cause/Reason 추워
chuwo		추워서
chuwoseo		추우니
chuuni		추우니까
chuunikka
Contrast 춥지만
chupjiman		추운데
chuunde		춥더니
chupdeoni
Conjunction 춥고
chupgo
Condition 추우면
chuumyeon		추워야
chuwoya
Noun and determiner forms
Verbal nouns 추움
chuum		춥기
chupgi
Past-tense verbal nouns 추웠음
chuwosseum		추웠기
chuwotgi
Determiners Present 추운
chuun
Future 추울
chuul


Sentence-final forms with honorific
Plain (해라체) Informal (해체) Polite (해요체) Formal (하십시오체)
Indicative Non-past 추우시다
chuusida		 추우셔
chuusyeo		 추우세요, 추우셔요
chuuseyo, chuusyeoyo		 추우십니다
chuusimnida
Past 추우셨다
chuusyeotda		 추우셨어
chuusyeosseo		 추우셨어요
chuusyeosseoyo		 추우셨습니다
chuusyeotseumnida
Interrogative Non-past 추우시냐
chuusinya		 추우셔
chuusyeo		 추우세요, 추우셔요
chuuseyo, chuusyeoyo		 추우십니까
chuusimnikka
Past 추우셨냐
chuusyeonnya		 추우셨어
chuusyeosseo		 추우셨어요
chuusyeosseoyo		 추우셨습니까
chuusyeotseumnikka
Assertive 추우시겠다
chuusigetda		추우시겠어
chuusigesseo		추우시겠어요
chuusigesseoyo		추우시겠습니다
chuusigetseumnida
Connective forms with honorific
Cause/Reason 추우셔
chuusyeo		추우셔서
chuusyeoseo		추우시니
chuusini		추우시니까
chuusinikka
Contrast 추우시지만
chuusijiman		추우신데
chuusinde		추우시더니
chuusideoni
Conjunction 추우시고
chuusigo
Condition 추우시면
chuusimyeon		추우셔야
chuusyeoya
Noun and determiner forms with honorific
Verbal nouns 추우심
chuusim		추우시기
chuusigi
Past-tense verbal nouns 추우셨음
chuusyeosseum		추우셨기
chuusyeotgi
Determiners Present 추우신
chuusin
Future 추우실
chuusil

See also

References
  • National Institute of the Korean Language (Naver.com mirror) (accessed 2007-06-02), “춥다”, in 표준국어대사전‎
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